Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) can adapt to perceptible and subliminal rhythm changes but are more variable.

Children with DCD demonstrate impairments in bimanual finger tapping during self-paced tapping and tapping in synchrony to different frequencies. In this study, we investigated the ability of children with DCD to adapt motorically to perceptible or subliminal changes of the auditory stimuli without a change in frequency, and compared their performance to typically developing controls (TDC). Nineteen children with DCD between ages 6-11years (mean age±SD=114±21months) and 17 TDC (mean age±SD=113±21months) participated in this study.

Control of Integrated Task Sequences Shapes Components of Reaching.

Reaching toward an object usually consists of a sequence of elemental actions. Using a reaching task sequence, the authors investigated how task elements of that sequence affected feedforward and feedback components of the reaching phase of the movement. Nine right-handed adults performed, with their dominant and nondominant hands, 4 tasks of different complexities: a simple reaching task; a reach-to-grasp task; a reach-to-grasp and lift object task; and a reach-to-grasp, lift, and place object task.

Auditory-motor integration of subliminal phase shifts in tapping: better than auditory discrimination would predict.

Unilateral tapping studies have shown that adults adjust to both perceptible and subliminal changes in phase or frequency. This study focuses on the phase responses to abrupt/perceptible and gradual/subliminal changes in auditory-motor relations during alternating bilateral tapping. We investigated these responses in participants with and without good perceptual acuity as determined by an auditory threshold test.

An additional copy of the homologous region (hr1) sequence in the Autographa californica multinucleocapsid polyhedrosis virus genome promotes hyperexpression of foreign genes.

The Autographa californica multinucleocapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus genome contains nine homologous region (hr1, hr1a, hr2, hr2a, hr3, hr4a, hr4b, hr4c, and hr5) sequences that are thought to be involved in viral replication and activation of transcription. Our results show that the 750 bp hr1 sequence is capable of functioning as an enhancer of transcription of foreign genes from the homologous late polyhderin gene promoter and the heterologous Drosophila heat shock protein (hsp70) promoter in insect cells. Introduction of an additional copy of the complete hr1 element downstream to the polyhedrin locus in the viral genome, while not affecting the stability of the recombinant virus for at least 30 serial passages, led to hyperexpression of reporter genes.

The homologous region sequence (hr1) of Autographa californica multinucleocapsid polyhedrosis virus can enhance transcription from non-baculoviral promoters in mammalian cells.

The Autographa californica multinucleocapsid polyhedrosis virus homologous region sequence hr1 enhances transcription from the viral polyhedrin promoter in Spodoptera frugiperda insect cells and independently functions as an origin of replication (ori) sequence. The binding of the host nuclear protein, hr1-binding protein (hr1-BP), is crucial for the enhancer activity (Habib, S., Pandey, S.