Association of corneal endothelial cell morphology with neurodegeneration in mild cognitive impairment and dementia.

Introduction: Corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) detects neurodegeneration in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia and identifies subjects with MCI who develop dementia. This study assessed whether abnormalities in corneal endothelial cell (CEC) morphology are related to corneal nerve morphology, brain volumetry, cerebral ischemia, and cognitive impairment in MCI and dementia.

Methods: Participants with no cognitive impairment (NCI), MCI, and dementia underwent CCM to quantify corneal endothelial cell density (CECD) and area (CECA), corneal nerve fiber morphology, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain volumetry, and severity of brain ischemia.

Corneal nerve loss predicts dementia in patients with mild cognitive impairment.

Objectives: This study compared the utility of corneal nerve measures with brain volumetry for predicting progression to dementia in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods: Participants with no cognitive impairment (NCI) and MCI underwent assessment of cognitive function, brain volumetry of thirteen brain structures, including the hippocampus and corneal confocal microscopy (CCM). Participants with MCI were followed up in the clinic to identify progression to dementia.

Loss of corneal nerves and brain volume in mild cognitive impairment and dementia.

Introduction: This study compared the capability of corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain volumetry for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, participants with no cognitive impairment (NCI), MCI, and dementia underwent assessment of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), MRI brain volumetry, and CCM.

Results: Two hundred eight participants with NCI (n = 42), MCI (n = 98), and dementia (n = 68) of comparable age and gender were studied.

Association of Cerebral Ischemia With Corneal Nerve Loss and Brain Atrophy in MCI and Dementia.

Introduction: This study assessed the association of cerebral ischemia with neurodegeneration in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia.

Methods: Subjects with MCI, dementia and controls underwent assessment of cognitive function, severity of brain ischemia, MRI brain volumetry and corneal confocal microscopy.

Results: Of 63 subjects with MCI ( = 44) and dementia ( = 19), 11 had no ischemia, 32 had subcortical ischemia and 20 had both subcortical and cortical ischemia.

Corneal Nerve and Brain Imaging in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia.

Background: Visual rating of medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) is an accepted structural neuroimaging marker of Alzheimer's disease. Corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) is a non-invasive ophthalmic technique that detects neuronal loss in peripheral and central neurodegenerative disorders.

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of CCM for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia compared to medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) rating on MRI.

Association of corneal nerve fiber measures with cognitive function in dementia.

Objectives: Corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) is a noninvasive ophthalmic technique that identifies corneal nerve degeneration in a range of peripheral neuropathies and in patients with multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We sought to determine whether there is any association of corneal nerve fiber measures with cognitive function and functional independence in patients with MCI and dementia.

Methods: In this study, 76 nondiabetic participants with MCI ( = 30), dementia ( = 26), and healthy age-matched controls ( = 20) underwent assessment of cognitive and physical function and CCM.