Comprehensive integrated analysis of MR and DCE-MR radiomics models for prognostic prediction in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Although prognostic prediction of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains a pivotal research area, the role of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (DCE-MR) has been less explored. This study aimed to investigate the role of DCR-MR in predicting progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with NPC using magnetic resonance (MR)- and DCE-MR-based radiomic models. A total of 434 patients with two MR scanning sequences were included.

GHz ultrasonic sensor for ionic content with high sensitivity and localization.

Sensing the ionic content of a solution at high spatial and temporal resolution and sensitivity is a challenge in nanosensing. This paper describes a comprehensive investigation of the possibility of GHz ultrasound acoustic impedance sensors to sense the content of an ionic aqueous medium. At the 1.

Mapping white matter structural and network alterations in betel quid-dependent chewers using high angular resolution diffusion imaging.

Background: To evaluate brain white matter diffusion characteristics and anatomical network alterations in betel quid dependence (BQD) chewers using high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI).

Methods: The current study recruited 53 BQD chewers and 37 healthy controls (HC) in two groups. We explored regional diffusion metrics alternations in the BQD group compared with the HC group using automated fiber quantification (AFQ).

GHz Ultrasound and Electrode Chip-Scale Arrays Stimulate and Influence Morphology of Human Neural Cells.

This study describes the effects of chip-scale gigahertz (GHz) ultrasound (US) and electrical stimulus on the morphology, functionality, and viability of neural cells in vitro. The GHz frequency stimulation is achieved using aluminum nitride piezoelectric transducers fabricated on a silicon wafer, operating at 1.47 GHz, corresponding to the film's thickness mode resonance.

Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI predicts PTEN protein expression which can function as a prognostic measure of progression-free survival in NPC patients.

Objectives: The objective of our study was to investigate whether a phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) expression was associated with dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) parameters and prognosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods: Two-hundred-and-forty-five (245) patients with NPC who underwent pretreatment biopsy, expression of PTEN detected by immunohistochemistry of biopsy, and radical intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) with or without chemotherapy were included. Tumor segmentations were delineated on pretreatment MRI manually.

Spatially Adaptive Regularization in Total Field Inversion for Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping.

Adaptive Total Field Inversion is described for quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) reconstruction from total field data through a spatially adaptive suppression of shadow artifacts through spatially adaptive regularization. The regularization for shadow suppression consists of penalizing low-frequency components of susceptibility in regions of small susceptibility contrasts as estimated by R2∗ derived signal intensity. Compared with a conventional local field method and two previously proposed regularized total field inversion methods, improvements were demonstrated in phantoms and subjects without and with hemorrhages.

Early Stage Markers of Late Delayed Neurocognitive Decline Using Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging of Temporal Lobe in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients.

: To determine whether the early assessment of temporal lobe microstructural changes using diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) can predict late delayed neurocognitive decline after radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. : Fifty-four NPC patients undergoing intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) participated in a prospective DKI magnetic resonance (MR) imaging study. MR imaging was acquired prior to IMRT (-0), 1 month (-1), and 3 (-3) months after IMRT.

GHz Ultrasonic Chip-Scale Device Induces Ion Channel Stimulation in Human Neural Cells.

Emergent trends in the device development for neural prosthetics have focused on establishing stimulus localization, improving longevity through immune compatibility, reducing energy re-quirements, and embedding active control in the devices. Ultrasound stimulation can single-handedly address several of these challenges. Ultrasonic stimulus of neurons has been studied extensively from 100 kHz to 10 MHz, with high penetration but less localization.

Temporal lobe microstructural abnormalities in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma quantitatively evaluated by high-resolution DWI and DKI after concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Purpose: To investigate temporal lobe microstructural abnormalities and neurocognitive function impairment after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods: NPC patients who underwent CCRT were enrolled. High-resolution diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion-kurtosis imaging (DKI) MRI, were performed 5 times per patient (once pre-CCRT, 1 week post-CCRT, 3 months post-CCRT, 6 months post-CCRT, and 12 months post-CCRT).

Micro- and Ultrastructural Characterization of Age-Related Changes at the Anterior Cruciate Ligament-to-Bone Insertion.

There remains a lack of understanding of the structural changes that occur across the complex, multitissue anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-to-bone insertion as a function of aging. The objective of this study is to provide a multiscale comparison of matrix properties across the skeletally immature and mature ACL-to-bone insertion. Using complementary imaging methods, micro- and ultrastructural analysis of the insertion revealed that collagen fiber orientation at the interface changes with age, though the degree of collagen organization is maintained over time.