Unlocking the Potential of Carrier Mediated Nano-biomedicine in Management of Diabetes Mellitus: A review.

Diabetes is a medical condition, which belongs to the group of chronic diseases that affects how body processes glucose, the primary source of energy for cells. Glucose comes indirectly from the consumed food  and is carried by bloodstream to various cells in body. Insulin, a hormone synthesized by pancreas play a vital role in conversion of glucose to energy.

The Role of Dietary Anthocyanins for Managing Diabetes Mellitus-Associated Complications.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an intricate metabolic disorder marked by persistent hyperglycemia, arising from disruptions in glucose metabolism, with two main forms, type 1 and type 2, involving distinct etiologies affecting β-cell destruction or insulin levels and sensitivity. The islets of Langerhans, particularly β-cells and α-cells, play a pivotal role in glucose regulation, and both DM types lead to severe complications, including retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. Plant-derived anthocyanins, rich in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, show promise in mitigating DM-related complications, providing a potential avenue for prevention and treatment.

Chitosan-polygalacturonic acid complex dressing improves diabetic wound healing and hair growth in diabetic mice.

Chronic skin wounds decrease the quality of life of millions of diabetic patients worldwide. Chitosan has previously been shown to possess hemostatic properties, decrease inflammation, promote fibroblast proliferation, and hair growth. We developed a relatively low-cost polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) film dressing made of chitosan and polygalacturonic acid and tested it for its ability to accelerate diabetic wound healing.

National evaluation of harm associated with patient safety incident reports related to the provision of parenteral nutrition to patients, using a national incident reporting system.

Background: Parenteral nutrition (PN)-related patient safety incidents have been associated with harm. Large-scale studies are scarce, and little is known about contributory factors. This study evaluated PN-related incident reports that described harm using a national database.

Immunomodulatory Therapy in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Recent Advances and Clinical Prospects.

The immune system plays a significant role in the development, invasion, progression, and metastasis of head and neck cancer. Over the last decade, the emergence of immunotherapy has irreversibly altered the paradigm of cancer treatment. The current treatment modalities for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) include surgery, radiotherapy, and adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy which has failed to provide satisfactory clinical outcomes.

A review of efficacy and safety of cetuximab and bevacizumab-based monoclonal antibodies in head and neck cancer.

A combination of monoclonal antibodies prescribed along with the conventional standard of care has a potential to provide significant improvement in patients suffering from head and neck cancer. This combination has also shown a significant decrease in toxicities and improved overall quality of life. Cetuximab acts by inhibiting the human epidermal growth factors as its overexpression in head and neck tumours that are responsible for treatment failure, resistance, and metastasis.

Epigenetics in Tuberculosis: Immunomodulation of Host Immune Response.

Tuberculosis is a stern, difficult to treat chronic infection caused by acid-fast bacilli that tend to take a long time to be eradicated from the host's environment. It requires the action of both innate and adaptive immune systems by the host. There are various pattern recognition receptors present on immune cells, which recognize foreign pathogens or its product and trigger the immune response.

Patient Safety Incidents Related to the Use of Parenteral Nutrition in All Patient Groups: A Systematic Scoping Review.

Introduction: There is limited comprehensive literature focussing on the range of patient safety incidents related to parenteral nutrition (PN).

Objective: The aim of this review was to examine patient safety incidents related to the use of PN in all patient age groups.

Methods: Literature published in the English language between January 2000 and April 2020 were searched across the MEDLINE, CINHAL and Embase databases.

Differential Effect of Proinflammatory Cytokines on Corneal and Conjunctival Epithelial Cell Mucins and Glycocalyx.

Purpose: Ocular surface mucins and glycocalyx are critical for providing ocular hydration as well lubrication and repelling pathogens or allergens. Elevated levels of tear proinflammatory cytokines in dry eye may have detrimental effect on mucins and glycocalyx. The present study tested the effect of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ on membrane-tethered mucins expression, glycocalyx, and viability of ocular surface epithelial cells.

Circadian influence on the microbiome improves heart failure outcomes.

Myocardial infarction (MI) leading to heart failure (HF) is a major cause of death worldwide. Previous studies revealed that the circadian system markedly impacts cardiac repair post-MI, and that light is an important environmental factor modulating the circadian influence over healing. Recent studies suggest that gut physiology also affects the circadian system, but how it contributes to cardiac repair post-MI and in HF is not well understood.

Cardiac Clocks and Preclinical Translation.

Circadian rhythms are fundamentally important for cardiovascular health, including heart rate, blood pressure, and molecular gene and protein responses. Rhythms also play a direct role in the pathophysiology of heart disease, such as in the timing of onset and severity of myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death, ventricular arrhythmias, and stroke. Importantly, a flurry of new studies reveals translational applications for circadian biology to clinical medicine, and especially cardiology.

Cytoreductive surgery with intraperitoneal chemotherapy in the management of peritoneal surface malignancy: a pharmacist's perspective.

Objectives: To explore the use of intraperitoneal chemotherapy in conjunction with cytoreductive surgery for the treatment of peritoneal surface malignancy and highlight the challenges this provides for the hospital pharmacist.

Methods: A literature search for relevant articles was performed using MEDLINE, PubMed and Cochrane databases. The following keywords and phrases were used: 'hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy', 'early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy', 'carrier solutions' and 'cytoreductive surgery'.