Epidural electrical spinal cord stimulation of the thoracic segments (T2-T5) facilitates respiratory function in patients with complete spinal cord injury.

Introduction: Patients with high cervical Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) usually require mechanical ventilation support. Phrenic Nerve Stimulation (PNS) both direct and indirect is the main alternative for these patients to wean off ventilator although PNS has several limitations and phrenic nerve could be also damaged after cervical spinal cord injury.

Objective: In this study, we assessed if the spinal cord Epidural Electrical Stimulation (EES) at the segments T2-T5, related to intercostal muscles, can facilitate respiratory function and particularly inspired tidal volume during mechanic ventilation.

Epidural Spinal Stimulation Enables Global Sensorimotor and Autonomic Function Recovery After Complete Paralysis: 1 Study From India.

While the loss of sensorimotor and autonomic function often occurs due to multiple trauma and pathologies, spinal cord injury is one of the few traumatic pathologies that severely affects multiple organ systems both upstream and downstream of the injury. Current standard of care therapies primarily maintains health and avoids secondary complications. They do not address the underlying neurological condition.

A rare cause of nodular skin lesions with fever in an immunocompetent individual.

Histoplasmosis is a fungal disease caused by the dimorphic fungus . It is endemic to many parts of the world but is rarely seen in India. The fungus usually affects the immunocompromised patients and is rarely reported in immunocompetent hosts.

Uncommon cause of persistent hypoxia in a patient with obstructive sleep apnea.

We report a case of hypothyroidism, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with persistent daytime hypoxemia. Cause of hypoxemia was two arteriovenous (AV) malformations in the lower lobe of the lung. We must be alert to other causes of hypoxemia in patients of OSA with persistent daytime hypoxemia.