tDCS application for postural control in Parkinson's disease: Effects are associated with baseline characteristics.

Introduction: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) improves postural response to perturbation in patients with Parkinson's disease (PwPD). However, the influence of baseline characteristics such as clinical/cognitive and postural performance on the response to tDCS remains unclear.

Objective: To investigate whether baseline level of postural control (performance during sham condition) and clinical/cognitive characteristics are associated with tDCS-related changes in postural responses to external perturbations in PwPD.

Prefrontal Cortical Activity During Preferred and Fast Walking in Young and Older Adults: An fNIRS Study.

Age-related changes may affect the performance during fast walking speed. Although, several studies have been focused on the contribution of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) during challenging walking tasks, the neural mechanism underling fast walking speed in older people remain poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of aging on PFC activity during overground walking at preferred and fast speeds.

Aerobic Exercise Combined With Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Over the Prefrontal Cortex in Parkinson Disease: Effects on Cortical Activity, Gait, and Cognition.

Background: Since people with Parkinson disease (PD) rely on limited prefrontal executive resources for the control of gait, interventions targeting the prefrontal cortex (PFC) may help in managing PD-related gait impairments. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can be used to modulate PFC excitability and improve prefrontal cognitive functions and gait.

Objective: We investigated the effects of adding anodal tDCS applied over the PFC to a session of aerobic exercise on gait, cognition, and PFC activity while walking in people with PD.

Cortical Activity Underlying Gait Improvements Achieved With Dopaminergic Medication During Usual Walking and Obstacle Avoidance in Parkinson Disease.

Background: Dopaminergic medication improves gait in people with Parkinson disease (PD). However, it remains unclear if dopaminergic medication modulates cortical activity while walking.

Objective: We investigated the effects of dopaminergic medication on cortical activity during unobstructed walking and obstacle avoidance in people with PD.

Center of pressure responses to unpredictable external perturbations indicate low accuracy in predicting fall risk in people with Parkinson's disease.

Falls are associated with impairment in postural control in people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD). We aimed to predict the fall risk through models combining postural responses with clinical and cognitive measures. Also, we compared the center of pressure (CoP) between PwPD fallers and non-fallers after unpredictable external perturbations.

Effect of Different Intensities of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Postural Response to External Perturbation in Patients With Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Habituation of postural response to perturbations is impaired in people with Parkinson's disease (PD) due to deficits in cortico-basal pathways. Although transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) modulate cortico-basal networks, it remains unclear if it can benefit postural control in PD.

Objective: To analyze the effect of different intensities of anodal tDCS on postural responses and prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity during the habituation to the external perturbation in patients with PD (n = 24).

Prefrontal Cortex Activity During Walking: Effects of Aging and Associations With Gait and Executive Function.

Background: Declines in gait parameters are common with aging and more pronounced in tasks with increased executive demand. However, the neural correlates of age-related gait impairments are not fully understood yet.

Objectives: To investigate () the effects of aging on prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity and gait parameters during usual walking, obstacle crossing and dual-task walking and () the association between PFC activity and measures of gait and executive function.

Is Cortical Activation During Walking Different Between Parkinson's Disease Motor Subtypes?

Parkinson's disease (PD) is often classified into tremor dominant (TD) and postural instability gait disorder (PIGD) subtypes. Degeneration of subcortical/cortical pathways is different between PD subtypes, which leads to differences in motor behavior. However, the influence of PD subtype on cortical activity during walking remains poorly understood.

Transcranial direct current stimulation combined with physical or cognitive training in people with Parkinson's disease: a systematic review.

Background: Pharmacologic therapy is the primary treatment used to manage Parkinson's disease (PD) symptoms. However, it becomes less effective with time and some symptoms do not respond to medication. Complementary interventions are therefore required for PD.

Levodopa Facilitates Prefrontal Cortex Activation During Dual Task Walking in Parkinson Disease.

. Although dopaminergic medication improves dual task walking in people with Parkinson disease (PD), the underlying neural mechanisms are not yet fully understood. As prefrontal cognitive resources are involved in dual task walking, evaluation of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is required.

Usual walking and obstacle avoidance are influenced by depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to analyze the association of depressive and anxiety symptoms with usual walking and obstacle avoidance in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Methods: Patients were divided into three groups: without depressive and anxiety symptoms (n = 28); depressive symptoms only (n = 15); and depressive and anxiety symptoms (n = 19). Symptoms of depression and anxiety were evaluated by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale.

The effects of habitual footwear in gait outcomes in people with Parkinson's disease.

Background: Gait is impaired in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). Although the effect of habitual footwear on gait spatiotemporal parameters has already been established in neurologically healthy individuals, its effects on people with PD is unknown.

Research Question: This study aimed to investigate the impact of habitual footwear on the step spatiotemporal parameters in people with PD.