Clinical and Hemodynamic Outcomes with Enalapril Orodispersible Minitablets in Young Children with Heart Failure Due to Congenital Heart Disease.

: The angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) enalapril is often administered to infants and young children with heart failure (HF) in various dosing regimens and formulations not adapted for their age. : This prospective, two-center, open-label 8-week study evaluated an age-appropriate formulation of orodispersible minitablets (ODMTs) of enalapril (0.25 mg and 1 mg) in children aged 0 to 6 years with HF due to congenital heart disease.

Factors Associated with the Antibiotic Treatment of Children Hospitalized for COVID-19 during the Lockdown in Serbia.

Unselective use of antibiotics to treat children with COVID-19 is one of the major issues during the pandemic in Serbia. Thus far, there has been no evidence about the predictors of multiple antibiotic use in the treatment of children with COVID-19. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of antibiotic use, as well as to examine demographic and clinical factors associated with a greater number of antibiotics and with a longer antibiotic treatment administered to hospitalized children with COVID-19 during the lockdown in Serbia.

Analysis of cardiac manifestation and treatment of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children related to SARS-CoV-2.

Cardiovascular manifestations are common (35-100%) in the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Our study aimed to analyze treatment impact and cardiovascular involvement in patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. The retrospective cohort included 81 patients treated between April 2020 and December 2021 (9.

ABCA1 Expression Is Upregulated in an EMT in Breast Cancer Cell Lines via MYC-Mediated De-Repression of Its Proximal Ebox Element.

The ATP-Binding Cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) reverse cholesterol transport channel has been associated with a number of phenotypes in breast cancer, including reduced proliferation and increased metastatic capacity. It is induced in an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), but little is known about how this occurs, and whether it is sufficient to promote metastatic phenotypes. To address these questions, we have deciphered the transcriptional regulation of ABCA1 across EMT states and found that it is repressed by MYC via an E-box element in its P1 alternative promoter.

Myocardial damage in multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19 in children and adolescents.

Background: In multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) temporarily associated with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), myocardial damage has been reported.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective observational cohort study included children under 18 who had a myocardial injury related to COVID-19 treated in mother and child health institute from April 2020 to August 2020. Myocardial injury related to COVID-19 was manifested by elevated serum cardiac troponin and NT-proBNP with LV dysfunction, arrhythmias, and coronary arteries (CAs) dilatation or aneurysms.

Recent Experience: Corticosteroids as a First-line Therapy in Children With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome and COVID-19-related Myocardial Damage.

Background: Cardiovascular complications with myocarditis in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection have been reported, but the optimal therapeutic strategy remains unknown.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study included 19 patients with acute left ventricular systolic dysfunction associated with MIS-C, average years of age 13.2 ± 3.

Differences Between Pediatric Acute Myocarditis Related and Unrelated to SARS-CoV-2.

Background: Acute myocarditis (AM) is defined as inflammation of the myocardium. The aim of our study is a comparative analysis of the differences between AM related and unrelated to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).

Methods: The retrospective study included children with AM treated from January 2018 to November 2020.

A Scimitar Syndrome Variant Associated with Critical Aortic Coarctation in a Newborn.

BACKGROUND Scimitar syndrome (SCS) is a rare congenital cardiopulmonary malformation, characterized by anomalous pulmonary venous drainage from the right lung associated with aortopulmonary collateral arteries and pulmonary hypoplasia. The variant described in the case presented here, with total anomalous right pulmonary venous drainage into the superior and inferior vena cava, can be expected in 2% of patients with scimitar syndrome. To the best of our knowledge, the association between the variant of SCS and coarctation of aorta described in our patient has never been reported before in the literature.

Predictive factors of recurrence after pediatric acute pericarditis.

Objective: The predisposing factors for pericarditis recurrence in the pediatric population have not yet been established. This study aimed to define the risk factors for the unfavorable prognosis of pediatric acute pericarditis.

Methods: This was a retrospective study that included all patients with acute pericarditis treated from 2011 to 2019 at a tertiary referent pediatric center.

Altered T-cell subset repertoire affects treatment outcome of patients with myelofibrosis.

Phenotypic characterization of T cells in myelofibrosis (MF) is intriguing owing to increased inflammation, markedly elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines, and altered distribution of T-cell subsets. Constitutive activation of Janus kinase-2 (JAK2) in the majority of MF patients contributes to the expression of the programmed cell death protein-1 (PD1) and T-cell exhaustion. We wondered whether T-cell activation affects treatment outcome of patients with MF and sought to determine whether the JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib affects the activation of T-cell subsets.

Lipid profile and left ventricular geometry pattern in obese children.

Background: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Previous studies reported conflicting results concerning the relationship between serum lipid levels and left ventricular geometry pattern. We sought to explore the relationship between standard serum lipid profile measures with left ventricular geometry pattern in obese children.

Does Colchicine Substitute Corticosteroids in Treatment of Idiopathic and Viral Pediatric Pericarditis?

: Recurrence of pericarditis (ROP) is an important complication of the acute pericarditis. The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of aetiology, clinical findings and treatment on the outcome of acute pericarditis. : Data were retrospectively collected from medical records of patients treated from 2011 to 2019 at a tertiary referent heart paediatric center.

Clinical Variability in Two Macedonian Families with Arterial Tortuosity Syndrome.

Arterial tortuosity syndrome (ATS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the solute carrier family 2 member 10 () gene encoding a glucose/ascorbic acid transporter. The clinical features of ATS are mild-to-severe tortuosity of the large and medium arteries throughout the body, accompanied by dysmorphisms and joint laxity. Vascular changes in different parts of the body lead to stenosis and/or aneurysms requiring difficult surgical procedures.

Clinical implications of prenatal diagnosis of aorto-left ventricular tunnel on postnatal treatment and final outcome.

Kosutic J, Prijic S, Stajevic M, Kalaba M, Ninic S, Mikovic Z, Vujic A, Popović S. Clinical implications of prenatal diagnosis of aorto-left ventricular tunnel on postnatal treatment and final outcome. Turk J Pediatr 2017; 59: 342-344.

Correlation between ECG changes and early left ventricular remodeling in preadolescent footballers.

The aim of this study was to assess the early electrocardiogram (ECG) changes induced by physical training in preadolescent elite footballers. This study included 94 preadolescent highly trained male footballers (FG) competing in Serbian Football League (minimum of 7 training hours/week) and 47 age-matched healthy male controls (less than 2 training hours/week) (CG). They were screened by ECG and echocardiography at a tertiary referral cardio center.

Successful use of sirolimus for refractory atrial ectopic tachycardia in a child with cardiac rhabdomyoma.

Cardiac rhabdomyomas are common in tuberous sclerosis. We report a child who developed rhabdomyoma related arrhythmia refractory to antiarrhythmic drug therapy. Reversion of the atrial ectopic tachycardia was achieved with mammalian target of rapamycin pathway (mTOR) inhibitor sirolimus.

Role of neoplastic monocyte-derived fibrocytes in primary myelofibrosis.

Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a fatal neoplastic disease characterized by clonal myeloproliferation and progressive bone marrow (BM) fibrosis thought to be induced by mesenchymal stromal cells stimulated by overproduced growth factors. However, tissue fibrosis in other diseases is associated with monocyte-derived fibrocytes. Therefore, we sought to determine whether fibrocytes play a role in the induction of BM fibrosis in PMF.

Motility and stem cell properties induced by the epithelial-mesenchymal transition require destabilization of lipid rafts.

The Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) is a developmental program that provides cancer cells with the characteristics necessary for metastasis, including increased motility and stem cell properties. The cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this process are not yet fully understood, hampering efforts to develop therapeutics. In recent years, it has become apparent that EMT is accompanied by wholesale changes in diverse signaling pathways that are initiated by proteins at the plasma membrane (PM).

Candidate Antimetastasis Drugs Suppress the Metastatic Capacity of Breast Cancer Cells by Reducing Membrane Fluidity.

Despite the high mortality from metastatic cancer, therapeutic targets to prevent metastasis are limited. Efforts to identify genetic aberrations that predispose tumors to metastasis have been mostly unsuccessful. To understand the nature of candidate targets for metastatic disease, we performed an in silico screen to identify drugs that can inhibit a gene expression signature associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

The Analysis of the Risk Factors in the Arterial Switch Operation for Treatment of D-Transposition of the Great Arteries in One Pediatric Cardiac Center in Serbia.

Introduction: The arterial "switch" operation has been the operation of choice for children born with D-transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA) for more than 30 years in countries with developed pediatric cardiac surgery program. After two decades of successful treatment of these children with the atrial "switch" corrections (Mustard or Senning operative techniques), the arterial "switch"operation (ASO) had been introduced as a routine technique in one pediatric cardiac center in Serbia.

Objective: The aim of this study was the analysis of the identified risk factors involved with the ASO in the preoperative, operative and postoperative period and their impact on the survival of the operated children.

Immunoglobulin heavy/light chain analysis enhances the detection of residual disease and monitoring of multiple myeloma patients.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical utility of incorporating a novel heavy/light chain immunoassay (HLC) into the existing methods for the assessment of multiple myeloma (MM) patients.

Methods: Convenience sera samples from 90 previously treated IgG and IgA MM patients in different disease stages were analyzed. The study was conducted in Clinical Hospital Center Zagreb between 2011 and 2013.

The relationship between currently recommended ambulatory systolic blood pressure measures and left ventricular mass index in pediatric hypertension.

This study aims to explore the relationship between currently recommended ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) measures used to classify pediatric hypertension and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) in children with true ambulatory hypertension. We performed a cross-sectional survey among 94 children who were consecutively referred for suspected hypertension. The calculated ABP measures were average 24-h systolic blood pressure (24-h aSBP) and 24-h SBP load.