Candidate genes associated with fatty acid compositions in north American Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar).

Fatty acids are a requirement for normal development, however, since humans are unable to de novo produce essential fatty acids, they must be obtained from diet. Atlantic salmon is a major dietary source of nutritious and digestible fatty acids. Here, we set out to uncover the genomic basis of individual fatty acids and indices (saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, n-3, and n-6) in 208 North American Atlantic salmon, to understand selection potential toward increasing relative quantities of essential fatty acids and to identify candidate genes for future research.

A Systematic Scoping Review of Essential Methodological Elements for Developing a Tool to Improve the Reporting of Consensus Studies in Classification, Diagnostic Criteria, and Guidelines Development.

Introduction: A consensus is a general agreement among group members that is pivotal in gathering expert input for classification, diagnostic criteria, and guideline development. However, the absence of established methodological standards presents challenges in conducting and analyzing these studies.

Objective: This scoping review explored the evidence on essential elements in consensus studies to create a list of candidate items for a standardized reporting tool.

Using portable visible and near-infrared spectroscopy to authenticate beef from grass, barley, and corn-fed cattle.

Meat product labels including information on livestock production systems are increasingly demanded, as consumers request total traceability of the products. The aim of this study was to explore the potential of visible and near-infrared spectroscopy (Vis-NIRS) to authenticate meat and fat from steers raised under different feeding systems (barley, corn, grass-fed). In total, spectra from 45 steers were collected (380-2,500 nm) on the subcutaneous fat and intact longissimus thoracis (LT) at 72 h postmortem and, after fabrication, on the frozen-thawed ground longissimus lumborum (LL).

Electrical stimulation to improve meat quality: Factors at interplay, underlying biochemical mechanisms and a second look into the molecular pathways using proteomics.

Ensuring consistent beef eating quality is paramount for meeting consumer demands and sustaining the meat industry. Electrical stimulation (ES) is a post-slaughter intervention used to accelerate post-mortem glycolysis, to avoid cold shortening, to control the tenderization rate of meat through sophisticated physical, chemical and biochemical mechanisms including proteolysis, to improve beef tenderness and to achieve normal pHu that might lead to positive impact on color. This review comprehensively examines the multifaceted effects of ES on beef quality, encompassing factors and settings influencing its efficacy and the underlying biochemical mechanisms revealed using traditional biochemistry methods.

Using machine-learning approaches to investigate the volatile-compound fingerprint of fishy off-flavour from beef with enhanced healthful fatty acids.

Machine learning classification approaches were used to discriminate a fishy off-flavour identified in beef with health-enhanced fatty acid profiles. The random forest approach outperformed (P < 0.001; receiver operating characteristic curve: 99.

Effect of different electrical stimulation systems on beef quality and palatability: Constant current compared to constant voltage.

This study examined the effects of constant current electrical stimulation (CCES) compared to constant voltage electrical stimulation (CVES), when applied within the same beef carcass (n = 79), on longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) quality and palatability. There was a stimulation method × time interaction for pH, with CCES reducing the 3 h post-mortem pH, but increasing the 72 h post-mortem pH compared to CVES (P < 0.001).

The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence and resistance of Gram-negative bacilli and antimicrobial consumption in the intensive care units of a referral hospital in Buenos Aires.

Background: There was a reported increase in the antimicrobial consumption in hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic, accompanied by an increase in infections due to multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria.

Methods: This retrospective time series study from intensive care units in Buenos Aires examined changes in antibiotic consumption (defined daily doses/1000 patients/day), the incidence of Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) and the mechanism of resistance. Antibiotics were categorised into group 1 (agents against MDR GNB) and group 2 (agents against non-MDR infections).

Effect of a novel steak fabrication method by trimming subcutaneous and intermuscular fats on palatability and calorie content of beef ribeye steaks.

This study investigated the effects of a novel steak fabrication method, involving removal of both subcutaneous and intermuscular fats between the longissimus thoracis (LT) and spinalis dorsi (SD) muscles before cooking, on beef ribeye steak palatability and calorie content. Canada AA (n = 10) and AAA (n = 10) ribeyes were fabricated into steaks either with (fat-on) or without (fat-off) subcutaneous and intermuscular fats. Fat-on steaks had shorter cooking times and lower cooking losses than fat-off steaks (P < 0.

Associations between the rumen microbiota and carcass merit and meat quality in beef cattle.

The rumen microbiota is important for energy and nutrient acquisition in cattle, and therefore its composition may also affect carcass merit and meat quality attributes. In this study, we examined the associations between archaeal and bacterial taxa in the rumen microbiota of beef cattle and 12 different attributes, including hot carcass weight (HCW), dressing percentage, ribeye area (REA), intramuscular fat content, marbling score, fat thickness, yield grade, moisture content, purge loss, and shear force. There were significant correlations between the relative abundance of certain archaeal and bacterial genera and these attributes.

Characterization of the ankle dynamic joint stiffness as a function of gait speed for overground and treadmill walking.

The ankle dynamic joint stiffness (DJS), defined as the slope of the joint angle-moment plot, measures the resistance of the ankle joint to movement when the foot is in contact with the ground. DJS helps to stabilize the ankle joint, and its characterization helps to identify gait pathology and assist foot prosthesis design. This study analyzes the available gait dynamics data to obtain ankle DJS parameters for population groups according to age, gender, and gait speed for overground and treadmill walking.

Impact of a constant current electrical stimulation (CCES) system and hormonal growth-promoting (HGP) implants on meat quality and palatability of finished steers.

This study evaluated the effects of a constant current electrical stimulation (CCES) system and hormonal growth-promoting (HGP) implants on the quality and palatability of the longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) from yearling-finished steers. The experiment used a total of 46 Angus cross steers, which were either non-implanted (n = 20) or implanted with trenbolone acetate and estradiol benzoate (n = 26). The CCES was applied to one side of each carcass during the slaughter process, whereas the other side remained unstimulated.

Determinants of Care Pathways for C-PTSD Patients in French Psychotrauma Centers: A Qualitative Study.

In 2018, the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) established a novel nosographic category within the stress-specific disorders known as complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD). Characterized by distinctive clinical attributes and a limited response to conventional PTSD treatments, C-PTSD has prompted the reconsideration of care methods. Our study's purpose was to explore the intricate factors shaping the care pathways for individuals suffering from C-PTSD.

Effects of in-the-bag dry-ageing on meat quality, palatability and volatile compounds of low-value beef cuts.

This study evaluated the effects of in-the-bag dry-ageing (BDA) (21 and 42 d) on meat quality, palatability, and volatile compounds of clod heart, brisket, and flat iron cuts from steers. In all cuts, BDA increased moisture losses (P < 0.05), but this did not reduce the juiciness of 21 d BDA versus wet-aged (WA) steaks.

[Contribution of equine therapy in the management of post-traumatic stress disorder].

For several years, animal-mediated therapies have been used in the treatment of psychiatric patients. Post-traumatic stress disorder has the particularity of being generated by an external event in a person a priori free of mental pathology. In this disorder, various so-called targeted psychotherapies have proven to be effective, including equine therapy.

EMDR for symptoms of depression, stress and burnout in health care workers exposed to COVID-19 (HARD): A study protocol for a trial within a cohort study.

Stressful events during a pandemic are a major cause of serious health problems, such as burnout, depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among health care workers (HCWs). During three years, HCWs, on the frontline to fight the COVID-19 pandemic, have been at an increased risk of high levels of stress, anxiety, depression, burnout and PTSD. Regarding potential psychological interventions, Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing (EMDR) is a structured, strongly recommended therapy based on its well-known efficacy in reducing PTSD symptoms and anxiety.

Relevance and Feasibility of Group Traumatic Episode Protocol Delivered to Migrants: A Pilot Field Study.

Introduction: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) are commonly observed in migrants. Although Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) can be helpful to treat these diseases, it remains difficult to propose EMDR as an individual intervention in help-seeking migrants. Group EMDR, like Group Traumatic Episode Protocol (G-TEP), which was built around the 8 phases of the original EMDR protocol, could offer an effective treatment to a large number of people.

Experiences of Inter-Hospital Transfers (IHT) by Patients and Relatives during the COVID-19 Pandemic in France: A Qualitative Study.

Background: The first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic led to a rapid and unexpected saturation of the French ICU, forcing the health care system to adapt. Among other emergency measures, inter-hospital transfers were carried out.

Objective: To assess the psychological experience of patients and their relatives regarding inter-hospital transfers.

Prediction of primal and retail cut weights, tissue composition and yields of youthful cattle carcasses using computer vision systems; whole carcass camera and/or ribeye camera.

The application of two computer vision systems (CVS) was evaluated to predict primal and retail cut composition in youthful beef carcasses. Left carcass sides from a total of 634 animals were broken down into primal cuts, scanned using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry for the prediction of tissue composition and fabricated into retail cuts. Cold carcass camera (CCC) images led to higher R values than hot carcass camera (HCC) images.

Short-Term Psychological Support for Civilians Exposed to the January 2015 Terrorist Attacks in France.

Introduction: Following a terrorist attack, responses to a psychosocial disaster range from low-intensity initiatives to high-intensity treatment. Some studies described post-disaster psychosocial services and planning across Europe. However, little is known about the psychosocial support (PS) actually delivered after terrorist attacks.

Towards improving classification of Canadian dark-cutting beef carcasses: Consumer sensory evaluation.

This study evaluated whether different colour intensities of ribeye steaks from dark-cutting (B4 grade) beef carcasses (Dark-B4DK/Moderate-B4MD) were similar in appearance and eating quality to steaks from normal (N) carcasses of lower marbling grades (AA or A) as assessed by consumers. The B4MDAAA and B4DK/MDAA had similar raw appearance and eating quality to N carcasses with a one quality downgrade for marbling (P > 0.1), potentially supporting a B4MDAAA and B4DK/MDAA re-class to NAA and NA grades, respectively.

Can a single session of noninvasive brain stimulation applied over the prefrontal cortex prevent stress-induced cortisol release?

Introduction: A better understanding of how the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis can be externally regulated is of major importance, especially because hyperreactivity to stress has been proposed as a key factor in the onset and maintenance of many psychiatric conditions. Over the past decades, numerous studies have investigated whether non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) can regulate HPA axis reactivity in acute stress situation. As the current results did not allow us to draw clear conclusions, we decided to conduct a systematic review of the literature investigating the effect of a single NIBS session on stress-induced cortisol release.

Remote training as a common tool for the different professionals involved in the acute phase after terror attacks across Europe: Perspectives from an expert panel.

The acute response after a terror attack may have a crucial impact on the physical and psychological wellbeing of the victims. Preparedness of the professionals involved in the acute response is a key element to ensure effective interventions, and can be improved through trainings. Today in Europe there is a recognized lack of inter-professional and international trainings, which are important, among others, to respond to the needs and the rights of victims affected by a terrorist attack in another country than their home country.

Weight-based vs body surface area-based fluid resuscitation predictions in pediatric burn patients.

Treatment for pediatric burns includes fluid resuscitation with formulas estimating fluid requirements based on weight and/or body surface area (BSA) with percent total body surface area burn (%TBSA burn). This study evaluates the risk of complications using weight-based resuscitation in children following burn injuries and compares fluid estimates with those that incorporate BSA. A retrospective review was conducted on 110 children admitted to an ABA-verified urban pediatric burn center over 12 years.

Effect of in-the-bag dry-ageing on meat palatability and volatile compounds of cull cows and youthful steers.

This study evaluated the effects of in-the-bag dry-ageing on eating quality and volatile compounds of longissimus lumborum from cows and steers. Compared to wet-ageing, in-the-bag dry-ageing increased purge loss (P < 0.0001), cooking time (P < 0.

Are psychological debriefing groups after a potential traumatic event suitable to prevent the symptoms of PTSD?

Psychological debriefing is a psychotherapeutic approach developed for early intervention in civilians and professionals who have to cope with a potential traumatic event (PTE). Although initial works claimed that this approach may decrease symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), some studies have concluded that the clinical benefits of psychological debriefing were limited. Several methodological variations could explain the discrepancies observed among studies.