[The short bypass in the treatment of popliteal artery occlusion].

Authors present in case report a patient with occlusion of proximal section of popliteal artery which was resolved by the reconstructive vascular surgical procedure--short femoropopliteal bypass using autolognal saphenous vein as a graft. In discussion they deal with the problem of short bypass in traumatic injured lower extremities and also in atherosclerotic or other degenerative diseases of lower extremities arteries. On the account of particulars from literature they refer to the possibility of using various autolognal venous grafts and also artificial vascular protheses.

[Medical and economic advantages of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty].

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) has been used for nearly 30 years. This method was refused in the past because of lack of knowledge of its effectiveness, and insufficient technical equipment for its safe realization. The further factor negatively affecting usage of this method in common clinical practice in occlusive diseases of the lower limbs arteries was an essentially shorter long-term patency than that after reconstructive arterial surgery.

[What are the costs of septic complications in surgery?].

Infectious complications have remained the most frequent cause of morbidity in surgical patients, and that despite the constantly broadening range of up-to-date antimicrobial drugs administered prophylactically and therapeutically, the improved methods of cultivating microorganisms and of establishing sensitivity to antibiotics. Infections in surgical patients lead to prolonged hospitalization, prolonged working disability, and to increased cost of treatment. Considerable economic consequences of infections in surgical patients are demonstrated on the basis of the authors' clinical material and possibilities of preventing infections and of their treatment are also discussed.

[Changes and risks in gastroduodenal surgery].

By retrospective analysis of clinical material changes and risks of gastroduodenal surgery were evaluated. The number of elective operations declined and the number of urgent surgical operations on account of peptic ulceration in conjunction with the development of medicamentous antiulcerous treatment increased. The number of patients with gastric cancer is rising.

[The significance of nonsurgical bile duct drainage in patients with icterus].

Operation of the biliary pathways in patients with obstructive jaundice is still associated with a significant morbidity and high mortality, in particular in geriatric patients. Recently in the therapy of icteric patients percutaneous or endoscopic drainage of the biliary pathways was introduced. At the Surgical Clinic of the Hospital with Policlinic, Bezrucova in Bratislava in 1988 52 patients with obstructive jaundice were hospitalized.

[The Shouldice operation for inguinal hernia].

Operations of hernias are among the most frequent operations in general and in the SSR they account for 11% of all operations. Despite this incidence of relapse is high and amounts to some 5-30%. In the Surgical Clinic of the Hospital with Polyclinic Bezrucova, the authors operated since April 1, 1988 134 inguinal hernias.