Sagittal plane knee kinematics can be measured during activities of daily living following total knee arthroplasty with two IMU.

Knee function is rarely measured objectively during functional tasks following total knee arthroplasty. Inertial measurement units (IMU) can measure knee kinematics and range of motion (ROM) during dynamic activities and offer an easy-to-use system for knee function assessment post total knee arthroplasty. However, IMU must be validated against gold standard three-dimensional optical motion capture systems (OMC) across a range of tasks if they are to see widespread uptake.

Patellar cartilage increase following ACL reconstruction with and without meniscal pathology: a two-year prospective MRI morphological study.

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) together with concomitant meniscal injury are risk factors for the development of tibiofemoral (TF) osteoarthritis (OA), but the potential effect on the patellofemoral (PF) joint is unclear. The aim of this study was to: (i) investigate change in patellar cartilage morphology in individuals 2.5 to 4.

Evaluation of a novel lower radiation computed tomography protocol for assessment of tunnel position post anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a common orthopaedic procedure. We developed a novel, low dose computed tomography (LDCT) protocol to assess tunnel position post-operatively. The effective radiation dose of this protocol is < 0.

Tibiofemoral joint structural change from 2.5 to 4.5 years following ACL reconstruction with and without combined meniscal pathology.

Background: People who have had anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) are at a high risk of developing tibiofemoral joint (TFJ) osteoarthritis (OA), with concomitant meniscal injury elevating this risk. This study aimed to investigate OA-related morphological change over 2 years in the TFJ among individuals who have undergone ACLR with or without concomitant meniscal pathology and in healthy controls. A secondary aim was to examine associations of baseline TFJ cartilage defects and bone marrow lesions (BML) scores with tibial cartilage volume change in ACLR groups.

Greater magnitude tibiofemoral contact forces are associated with reduced prevalence of osteochondral pathologies 2-3 years following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Purpose: External loading of osteoarthritic and healthy knees correlates with current and future osteochondral tissue state. These relationships have not been examined following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. We hypothesised greater magnitude tibiofemoral contact forces were related to increased prevalence of osteochondral pathologies, and these relationships were exacerbated by concomitant meniscal injury.

Relationships Between Tibiofemoral Contact Forces and Cartilage Morphology at 2 to 3 Years After Single-Bundle Hamstring Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction and in Healthy Knees.

Background: Prevention of knee osteoarthritis (OA) following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture and reconstruction is vital. Risk of postreconstruction knee OA is markedly increased by concurrent meniscal injury. It is unclear whether reconstruction results in normal relationships between tibiofemoral contact forces and cartilage morphology and whether meniscal injury modulates these relationships.

Tibiofemoral Contact Forces in the Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Reconstructed Knee.

Purpose: To investigate differences in anterior cruciate ligament-reconstructed (ACLR) and healthy individuals in terms of the magnitude of the tibiofemoral contact forces, as well as the relative muscle and external load contributions to those contact forces, during walking, running, and sidestepping gait tasks.

Methods: A computational EMG-driven neuromusculoskeletal model was used to estimate the muscle and tibiofemoral contact forces in those with single-bundle combined semitendinosus and gracilis tendon autograft ACLR (n = 104, 29.7 ± 6.

Preoperative assessment of femoral rotation and its relationship with coronal alignment: A magnetic resonance imaging study.

This MRI study explores the individual variation of the rotational axes of the distal femur, and investigate the relationship of this variation with overall coronal alignment in the osteoarthritic knee,The mean surgical epicondylar axis (SEA) was 1.7°, anatomical epicondylar axis (AEA) 5.6° and AP trochlea axis (APA) 94.

A comparison of registration errors with imageless computer navigation during MIS total knee arthroplasty versus standard incision total knee arthroplasty: a cadaveric study.

Optimal component alignment in total knee arthroplasty has been associated with better functional outcome as well as improved implant longevity. The ability to align components optimally during minimally invasive (MIS) total knee replacement (TKR) has been a cause of concern. Computer navigation is a useful aid in achieving the desired alignment although it is limited by the error during the manual registration of landmarks.

Defining the errors in the registration process during imageless computer navigation in total knee arthroplasty: a cadaveric study.

Computer assisted arthroplasty was introduced as a means to optimally align implants in order to improve function and longevity. The error during the manual registration of landmarks and its effect on component alignment was investigated in this study. Five fresh frozen lower limbs were used and the registration process was performed five times by five surgeons.

Computer-assisted navigation for the assessment of fixed flexion in knee arthroplasty.

Background: Correction of a fixed flexion deformity is an important goal when performing total knee arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of clinical assessment compared with imageless computer navigation in determining the degree of fixed flexion.

Methods: We performed navigation anatomy registration using 14 cadaver knees.

Proximity of the femoral neurovascular bundle during hip resurfacing.

A standard posterior approach was performed in 5 fresh frozen cadaveric limbs. An anterior incision was then used to measure the distance of the femoral neurovascular structures to the anterior capsule. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 11 hips was also analyzed to validate our cadaveric method.

The reliability of radiographic assessment of femoral neck-shaft and implant angulation in hip resurfacing arthroplasty.

Fifteen sets of patient radiographs were analyzed by 3 different observers on 2 occasions. Each observer measured the femoral neck-shaft angles (NSAs) of the preoperative digital radiographs and stem-shaft angles (SSAs) of the postoperative radiographs. The effect of femur position on SSA measured by digital radiographs was also investigated using a resurfaced synthetic femur.

The management of extra-abdominal desmoid tumours.

We performed a retrospective analysis of 35 cases of desmoid tumours (aggressive fibromatoses) that underwent treatment at our institutions between 1987 and 2002. The purpose was to evaluate the rate of local recurrence of desmoid tumours treated with surgical excision, to assess the impact of surgical margins on local recurrence and to define the role of radiotherapy in the treatment. Nine patients experienced a recurrence at an average of 16 months after initial treatment.