Pain reduction after laser in situ keratomileusis with ketorolac tromethamine ophthalmic solution 0.5%: a randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the analgesic efficacy of ketorolac tromethamine ophthalmic solution 0.5% after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).

Methods: In this two-center, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, parallel group study, 39 patients underwent bilateral simultaneous LASIK.

A prospective, randomized comparison of the use versus non-use of topical corticosteroids after laser in situ keratomileusis.

Objective: To evaluate the benefit and safety of topical corticosteroids after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).

Design: Prospective, randomized, double-masked clinical trial.

Participants: A consecutive series of 1747 eyes in 897 patients desiring surgical correction of myopia from plano to -16 diopters (D) with up to 6 D of astigmatism.

Viscoelastic material as an adjunct to dissections and to treat microperforations during nonpenetrating filtering surgery.

A case is described in which viscoelastic material was used in the anterior chamber to minimize or prevent fluid flow through the area of the trabecular meshwork and Schlemm's canal during nonpenetrating filtering surgery. In cases with or without small perforations, the technique minimizes or decreases fluid flow so that the surgeon has a clearer view of these tissues and can perform more thorough and accurate stripping of deeper layers of tissue.

Use of preoperative MR imaging in the management of endometrial carcinoma: cost analysis.

Purpose: To compare the cost of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and its ability to direct the use of lymph node dissection with the cost and ability of conventional surgery for the staging of endometrial carcinoma.

Materials And Methods: Preoperative MR images of 25 patients who underwent hysterectomy for endometrial carcinoma were retrospectively evaluated. MR imaging results were compared with those of intraoperative gross dissection of the uterus and final histopathologic examination.

Trends in the indications for penetrating keratoplasty in the midwestern United States.

Purpose: To examine the leading indications and identify the changing trends for penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) in the midwestern United States.

Methods: The indications for PKPs at a single center tertiary care referral practice were tabulated to assess trends from 1982 to 1996. The data analysis was prospective after 1985.

Chemotherapy for malignant mixed Müllerian tumors of the ovary.

Objective: The aim of this study was to review the chemotherapy experience at Magee-Womens Hospital for malignant mixed müllerian tumor (MMMT) of the ovary. Patients were treated with either paclitaxel/carboplatin (PC) outpatient chemotherapy or platinum/ifosfamide (PI) inpatient chemotherapy as first- or second-line therapy.

Methods: Thirteen patients diagnosed with MMMT of the ovary after complete surgical staging from 1990 to 1999 were studied retrospectively.

Bone-related mineral content of water samples collected on the Navajo reservation.

Although dairy food intake is low among the Navajo people, hip fracture rates are lower than in Caucasians. Genetic differences in bone density have been cited as the reasons for low fracture rates among Native Americans and other segments of the population. However, more detailed examination of mineral intakes suggests that environmental factors may provide part of the explanation for the lower fracture rates.

Iris fixation of posterior chamber intraocular lenses.

Purpose: To describe a technique for suture fixation of silicone intraocular lenses (IOLs) to the iris and compare the outcomes to those in published data.

Setting: Subspecialty cornea/anterior segment private practice, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.

Methods: This retrospective review comprised 121 consecutive cases of secondary IOL implantation or IOL exchange between 1993 and 1998.

Metastatic complete hydatidiform mole with a surviving coexistent twin. A case report.

Background: Complete hydatidiform molar pregnancy with a coexistent live fetus is a rare clinical entity with poor fetal survival and an uncertain maternal risk.

Case: A twin gestation consisting of a complete molar pregnancy as one twin and a normal second "twin" was identified in the second trimester. The patient was managed expectantly until 28 weeks' gestation, at which time evidence of metastatic trophoblastic disease was identified.

A phase I/II study of hypofractionated whole abdominal radiation therapy in patients with chemoresistant ovarian carcinoma: Karnofsky score determines treatment outcome.

Purpose: Radiation therapy can provide useful palliation in chemorefractory ovarian cancer patients. The purpose of this study was to prospectively study the palliative effect of a hypofractionated radiation treatment regimen. Change in quality-of-life scores (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy [FACT], Karnofsky scale), pain score, and tolerance to therapy were also assessed.

Domains of differential cell proliferation suggest hinged folding in avian gut endoderm.

A profile of proliferative growth assessed with tritium autoradiograms from White Leghorn embryo stages Hamburger-Hamilton 6-21 labeled in ovo presents evidence of hinged folding driven by localized differential cell proliferation in endoderm. There is a significant, bilateral pattern, and differences are most pronounced in axial levels that are folding and rotating. Highest proliferation is in cells producing folds; lowest proliferation is in median cells.

Central corneal pachymetry in patients undergoing laser in situ keratomileusis.

Objective: To report the preoperative ultrasonic central pachymetric measurements on a large group of eyes undergoing laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) surgery for myopia and myopic astigmatism, to determine whether central corneal thickness is correlated with other geometric features of the eye or is correlated with age or gender, and to discuss the resulting limitations on possible ablation depths.

Design: Prospective, multisite, cross-sectional study.

Participants: Eight hundred ninety-six eyes in 450 patients from 21 to 66 years of age.

Management of postkeratoplasty astigmatism.

Many factors have led to the improved success rate for clear corneal grafts after penetrating keratoplasty. Unfortunately, postoperative corneal astigmatism commonly occurs and can produce significant visual impairment. Astigmatic correction may include spectacle correction or contact lenses, but if this fails, then surgical options are considered.

Complete clinical responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for uterine serous carcinoma.

Three cases of serous carcinoma of the uterus with radiographically documented widespread metastases are presented. Following confirmation of histopathology, all were treated with a standard regimen of carboplatin and paclitaxel for eight courses with complete resolution of distant metastases on CT scan prior to postchemotherapy surgical exploration. Two patients had gross disease at laparotomy, and one had only microscopic tumor found in the uterine specimen.

Effect of astigmatic keratotomy on spherical equivalent: results of the Astigmatism Reduction Clinical Trial.

Purpose: To determine the effect of astigmatic keratotomy on spherical equivalent, as measured by the coupling ratio and a new quantity, coupling constant.

Methods: In a prospective multicenter study, subjects underwent arcuate keratotomy at a 7-mm optical zone by means of the Lindstrom nomogram for correction of astigmatism. One hundred fifty-seven eyes of 95 patients who had a follow-up examination 1 month postoperatively were studied.

Protective action of plant polyphenols on radiation-induced chromatid breaks in cultured human cells.

The present study was performed to determine whether plant polyphenols can protect human cells against radiation-induced DNA damage manifested as chromatid breaks. Since each chromatid contains a single continuous molecule of double stranded DNA, chromatid breaks represent unrepaired DNA strand breaks. The addition of green or black tea extracts, their polyphenols or curcumin to cultures of human skin fibroblasts or PHA-stimulated blood lymphocytes significantly reduced the frequencies of radiation-induced chromatid breaks.

Price graft-over-host technique to manage positive pressure during penetrating keratoplasty.

Intraoperative positive pressure with resulting iris and lens prolapse can pose a difficult scenario during penetrating keratoplasty. In the Price graft-over-host technique, the graft is sutured across the trephinated host cornea, which maintains a formed anterior chamber and thus avoids intraoperative complications. The technique was used in 33 eyes, and no primary or secondary graft failures occurred.

CA 125 may not reflect disease status in patients with uterine serous carcinoma.

Background: Although CA 125 level correlates with response to therapy in patients with serous carcinoma of the ovary, the utility of CA 125 in patients with high risk or metastatic endometrial carcinoma has not been established.

Methods: CA 125 was tested as a marker of disease status in patients with endometrial serous carcinoma (SC) undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy. All patients received monthly intravenous chemotherapy with cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin at standard doses (median number of courses, 6; range, 2-8 courses).

A phase II study of irinotecan (CPT-11) in patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix.

Background: This study was conducted to determine the efficacy and safety of irinotecan (CPT-11) as second-line therapy in patients with advanced cervical carcinoma.

Methods: Sixteen patients with platinum-resistant squamous cell carcinoma were treated with CPT-11 as second-line therapy. CPT-11 was administered in repeated 6-week cycles comprised of the administration of CPT-11 once weekly for 4 weeks, followed by a 2-week rest.

A trial of outpatient paclitaxel and carboplatin for advanced, recurrent, and histologic high-risk endometrial carcinoma: preliminary report.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the combination of paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ) and carboplatin in patients with endometrial cancer known to be resistant to standard therapy. Subjects were taken from three groups: (1) recurrent or persistent disease following surgery and/or radiation, (2) advanced disease at diagnosis, and (3) high-risk histology. The combination of carboplatin (pharmacologically dosed at an area under the concentration-time curve of 5) and paclitaxel (135 to 175 mg/m2 over 3 hours) was given intravenously every 4 weeks for eight courses.

Radiation-induced chromatid breaks and DNA repair in blood lymphocytes of patients with dysplastic nevi and/or cutaneous melanoma.

Each chromatid contains a single continuous molecule of double-stranded DNA, so chromatid breaks represent unrepaired DNA double-strand breaks. Frequencies of chromatid breaks after G2 phase x-irradiation were determined in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated blood lymphocytes from normal subjects and from four categories of patients with dysplastic nevi with or without cutaneous melanoma or with melanoma alone. Some cells were treated with an inhibitor of DNA repair replication to determine enzymatic incision activity at damaged sites after exposure to x-rays, UVC, or fluorescent light.