[A method for selecting Streptomyces spheroides mutants--producers of an exoprotease with fibrinolytic activity].

The paper present a description of a fast method to obtain mutants of Streptomyces spheroides--supersynthetics of exoprotease. The primary culture spores being irradiated by UV-rays, the mutants are formed with presence in the cultural medium of own proteolytic enzyme added from without. The described method is based on the phenomenon of growth suppression in the primary culture spore by high concentrations of the own proteolytic enzyme.

[Modification of the "pain" method of determining the action of substances during infiltration and conduction anesthesia].

The modification of "quadelmethod" of determining local anesthetic effects of drugs is described. A magnetoelectric sensor which is interference-proof, reliable at work and does not need additional power supply and an amplifier was used for registration of the animal respiration.

[Streptomyces spheroides mutant deprepressed for exoprotease biosynthesis].

The effect of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur sources on the biosynthesis of exoproteases was studied with the parent Streptomyces spheroides strain 35 and its mutant M8-2. Addition of a carbon, nitrogen and sulfur source to the medium deficient in one of these elements did not repress the synthesis of exoproteases by the washed mycelium of the mutant as compared to the parent strain. Protein as a sole source of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur had no effect on the biosynthesis of exoproteases by the mutant.

[Effect of pyromecaine on ionic currents in electrically excitable membranes].

The effects of the local anesthetic pyromecaine on the action potential parameters of the guinea-pig heart ventricular cardiomyocytes as well as on Na and K ionic currents of the neurons in the rat spinal ganglions have been studied. Pyromecaine was shown to reduce preferentially the first derivative of the ascending phase of cardiomyocyte action potential suggesting the blocking action of the anesthetic on the fast sodium inward current. The experiments on the isolated neurons in the rat spinal ganglions have shown that interaction of pyromecaine with inactivated Na+ channels makes a considerable contribution to the blocking effect of anesthesia.

[Pyromecaine--a new anti-arrhythmia preparation improving myocardial blood supply].

Pyromecaine is a local anesthetic used for surface anesthesia. Its marked antiarrhythmic activity has been established in various models of experimental cardiac arrhythmia in doses of 0.1-2.

[Streptomyces spheroides M8-2 strain--a producer of extracellular proteolytic enzymes possessing fibrinolytic and thrombolytic action].

Strain Streptomyces spheroides M8-2 was obtained as a result of ultraviolet light action on the S. spheroides spores strain 35. The mutant is characterized by the considerable increase (in 4-5 times) of the extracellular proteolytic enzymes which are able to dissolve fibrin and thrombs.

[Natural variability of Streptomyces spheroides--a producer of extracellular proteolytic enzymes possessing fibrinolytic action].

Streptomyces spheroides M 8-2 was obtained using UV irradiation of spores taken from the parent culture. It shows a high activity of exocellular proteases which are capable of fibrin hydrolysis and degradation of blood clots. On certain media, a population of S.

[Comparative study of proteolytic enzyme preparations of the actinomycete Streptomyces spheroides and its mutant].

Preparations of proteolytic enzymes with high fibrinolytic and thrombolytic activities were isolated from the cultural broth filtrates of Streptomyces spheroides and its mutant by precipitation with ammonium sulfate, dialysis and freeze-drying. The fibrinolytic and thrombolytic activities of the enzymes produced by the mutant are 5.6 and 6 times higher, respectively, than those of the parent strain.

[Selection of Streptomyces spheroides--a producer of extracellular proteases with fibrinolytic action].

The mutagenic action of UV on Streptomyces spheroides 35 spores produced mutants with an elevated biosynthesis of exocellular proteases having the fibrinolytic activity. During submerged cultivation, mutant M8-2 accumulated 4-5 times more fibrinolytic enzymes with a high thrombolytic activity in the cultural broth than the parent strain. The selection of mutants synthesizing proteases with a high fibrinolytic activity can be made more effective by using a medium which contains fibrin, a substrate specific for the enzymes, as a sole source of carbon and nitrogen.

[Anti-arrhythmia properties of pyromecaine].

Antiarrhythmic activity of the local anesthetic pyromecaine has been studied. The drug has been shown to eliminate flutter of the atria provoked by electrical stimulation of the myocardium, by aconitin, strophanthine and barium chloride. It prevents ventricular fibrillation arising due to calcium chloride poisoning.

[Anti-arrhythmic activity of trimecaine under experimental and clinical conditions].

The antiarrhythmic properties of trimecaine, a local anesthetic, were studied. Tests on cats and rats with arrhythmia induced by stimulation with electric current and injection of aconitine, barium chloride, and calcium chloride as well as on a cell model of aconitine arrhythmia have shown that trimecaine possesses marked antiarrhythmic properties. It is more active and less toxic than procainamide hydrochloride or quinidine.

[Role of surface phenomena in the mechanism of action of antiarrhythmic substances].

The surface activity of the antiaarhythmic drugs and their influence on the lipid-containing interphasics were studied. It was found that drug No. 7351 (diphenyl isopropyl acetic acid diethyl aminopropyl ester), fubromegan, metamysil, propranolol, quinidine, novocalinamide, xylocaine, and trimecaine possessed surface activity.

[Comparative findings on the use of several preparations for surface anesthesia during otorhinolaryngologic surgery].

The authors present data on a comparative study of the effect of pyromecaine, cocaine and pontocaine during a number of otorhinolaryngeal operations. A device was developed for objective evaluation of anesthesia, which graphically records the extent and duration of anesthesia in patients. Pyromecaine was used during 420 operations and manipulations in 397 patients with diseases of the nose and nasal accessory sinuses aged from 14 to 82 years.