Shock waves modulate corticospinal excitability: A proof of concept for further rehabilitation purposes?

Background: Focal extracorporeal shock wave therapy (fESWT) is a physical therapy vastly studied and used for various musculoskeletal disorders. However, the effect of fESWT on central nervous system is still to be determined.

Objective: To elucidate spinal and supra-spinal mechanisms of fESWT in healthy subjects, in order to widen the spectrum of its clinical applications.

[Management of patients with chronic pain: emerging perspectives and current practices.].

According to the International association for the study of pain (Aisd), chronic pain is «an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling, ongoing, or potential tissue damage». The evolution of the definition of chronic pain has recognized the centrality of subjective and multidimensional valence, involving biological, psychological, and social aspects. Hence, there is a need to introduce patient-centered medicine and broaden the chronic pain management modalities.

The Many Faces of Covid-19 at a Glance: A University Hospital Multidisciplinary Account From Milan, Italy.

In March 2020, northern Italy became the second country worldwide most affected by Covid-19 and the death toll overtook that in China. Hospital staff soon realized that Covid-19 was far more severe than expected from the few data available at that time. The Covid-19 pandemic forced hospitals to adjust to rapidly changing circumstances.

Mixed facial reanimation technique to treat paralysis in medium-term cases.

Recent facial paralyses, in which fibrillations of the mimetic muscles are still detectable by electromyography (EMG), allow facial reanimation based on giving new neural stimuli to musculature. However, if more time has elapsed, mimetic muscles can undergo irreversible atrophy, and providing a new neural stimulus is simply not effective. In these cases function is provided by transferring free flaps into the face or transposing masticatory muscles to reinstitute major movements, such as eyelid closure and smiling.

Virtual Dissection by Ultrasound: Probe Handling in the First Year of Medical Education.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to assess the educational plan of first-year students of medicine by analyzing their scores in ultrasound body scanning.

Methods: Since 2009, the San Paolo Medical School (Milan, Italy) has vertically integrated the study of anatomy with ultrasound-assisted virtual body dissection. Three modules were supplied: musculoskeletal system, heart and abdomen pelvis.

Balance and mobility assessment for ruling-out the peripheral neuropathy of the lower limbs in older adults.

The peripheral neuropathy of the lower limbs (PNLL) is an important cause of balance and mobility impairment in older adults. The nerve conduction study (NCS) is the gold standard for PNLL diagnosis. Aim of this work is to establish the sensitivity (Sn) and the specificity (Sp) of the balance and mobility examination for the PNLL in older adults.

Immediate facial reanimation in oncological parotid surgery with neurorrhaphy of the masseteric-thoracodorsal-facial nerve branch.

The extracranial facial nerve may be sacrificed together with the parotid gland during a radical parotidectomy, and immediate reconstruction of the facial nerve is essential to maintain at least part of its function. We report five patients who had had radical parotidectomy (two with postoperative radiotherapy) and immediate (n=3) or recent (n=2) reconstructions of the masseteric-thoracodorsal-facial nerve branch. The first mimetic musculature movements started 6.

Changed outcomes of fetuses with congenital heart disease: new Italian Multicentre study.

Objectives: To analyse the outcomes of fetuses with congenital heart disease between 2000 and 2005 in comparison to a previous multicentre study regarding the period 1983-1996.

Participants And Methods: Data of seven centres were prospectively collected, the inclusion criteria being a confirmed fetal diagnosis after birth or at autopsy and a known follow-up, for at least 6 months after birth. Data of 649 fetuses, median age at diagnosis 24 weeks' gestation (15-37), 340/649 (52.

Agranulocytosis and hepatic toxicity with ticlopidine therapy: a case report.

Introduction: Ticlopidine is a platelet inhibitor used to prevent thrombosis in patients with cerebrovascular or coronary artery disease. The most common side effects are mild and transitory: diarrhea, dyspepsia, nausea and rashes. More serious, but less frequent, adverse effects are hematological dyscrasia and cholestatic hepatitis.

[Recent medico-social aspects of arterial hypertension].

The medical and social importance of hypertension, its symptoms and complications are presented. The factors of risk are examined and in particular the importance of premature onset of the hypertension in the youth is stressed. Since in teen-agers suffering from hypertension, it is probable that this disease worsen in the adult age, the necessity of a correct diagnosis and treatment also in the youth is pointed out.

Evaluation of antihemorrhagic activity of V. F.

In the prophylaxis of surgical interventions performed in the Dental Clinic for dental avulsions under general anesthesia, the V. F. (peptides deriving from the enzymatic degradation of bovine Factor VIII) has been shown to be particularly active in the reduction of the quantity of blood lost per tooth, corresponding to a reduction in blood loss of an average of 40% to 45%.