Understanding Physical Activity Patterns Across the School Day in Urban Pre-Kindergarten and Elementary Schoolchildren.

Purpose: Despite recommendations that children accrue ≥60 min/day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), numerous barriers may exist. We examined school-day MVPA patterns in lower-income children (pre-K to 5th grade) to determine whether they were meeting the minimum school-day guidelines of at least 30-min/day of MVPA and to identify opportunities for intervention.

Methods: Students (N = 629, pre-K-5th grade) from 4 urban schools wore Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometers over 2 school days.

Increasing the dose of furosemide in patients with azotemia and suspected obstruction.

Diuresis renography is widely used to distinguish obstructed from nonobstructed kidneys; however, the delivery of furosemide to its site of action in the loop of Henle is impaired in patients with azotemia. Consequently, the standard adult dose of 40 mg furosemide could be insufficient to generate an adequate diuretic response. This problem is illustrated by a patient with azotemia with bilateral nephrostomies who underwent Tc-99m MAG3 (mercaptoacetyltriglycine) diuresis renography with 40 mg furosemide to determine if his bilateral ureteral obstruction had resolved.

Fused pelvic kidneys: case report.

A case of fused pelvic kidneys is presented. We believe this to be the first report using ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging for presentation of a rare anatomic renal anomaly.

Patterns of coal workers' pneumoconiosis in Appalachian former coal miners.

To aid in diagnostic chest film interpretation of coal workers' pneumoconiosis, a composite profile of common radiologic patterns was developed in 98 Appalachian former coal miners who were diagnosed as having coal miner's pneumoconiosis and who applied for black lung benefits. The mean age was 61 years, with a lifetime coal mine dust exposure of 18.7 years.

Sonography in acute appendicitis.

In two patients with an equivocal clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis, high-resolution sonography demonstrated an inflamed appendix. The appendix of each appeared grossly abnormal and was removed at laparotomy. Pathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.

Filling defects of the kidney pelvis.

Filling defects in the renal pelvis should alert radiologists to the possibility of underlying tuberculosis. A case is presented with the major criteria used in differentiating tuberculosis from a neoplasm.

Nonoperative management in a case of complicated pancreatic pseudocyst.

The authors present a case of pancreatic pseudocyst with associated duodenal compression and jaundice. Nonoperative management was employed successfully.

Heartburn ulcers.

Since esophagitis is increasing in frequency, the authors reviewed case histories of patients with this disorder. The importance of radiographic examination of the stomach and duodenum in patients with esophagitis (heartburn) is stressed.

Traumatic arteriovenous fistula between the middle meningeal artery and the sphenoparietal sinus: a case report and review of the world literature.

A fistula between a lacerated middle meningeal artery and the sphenoparietal sinus was discovered in a patient who had increased intracranial pressure following trauma.

Evaluation of the renal outline by excretory urography.

Tomograms and oblique radiographs were compared in 172 adult patients undergoing routine urography to assess the degree of renal outline visualized and to determine the best midpoint for nephrotomography. Tomograms proved better for demonstrating the renal outline (66.3% of patients demonstrating 78.

Demonstration of duodenal ulcers using micronized vs nonmicronized barium preparations.

Most radiologists agree that micronized barium is superior to regular USP barium in demonstrating ulcers of the stomach and duodenum. The authors present the results of a study which shows the differences in reliability of the two substances in demonstrating duodenal ulcers.

Bilateral choanal atresia: a neonatal respiratory emergency.

Choanal atresia in a neonate is a cause of severe respiratory distress and constitutes a respiratory emergency. The authors present a case of choanal atresia and emphasize the ease of making the diagnosis both radiologically and clinically.

Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis.

We have described an unusual case of congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis which does not conform to Felman's classification. We suggest establishing a third category in the group with non-cardiac-associated CPL, entitled "noncardiac, intermediate onset."

Clinical comparison of locetamic acid (cholebrine) and ipodate sodium (Orgrafin).

Locetamic acid (Cholebrine) and ipodate sodium (Oragrafin) were compared in a double blind study of 503 patients. The radiographs were evaluated for contrast density, visualization of common duct, gallstones, residual in the intestinal tract, and side effects. Cholebrine demonstrated better opacification, fewer repeat examinations, slightly greater common duct opacification, and more frequent visualization of gallstones.

Computerized tomography in selected intracranial vascular abnormalities.

Computerized axial tomography (CAT) is a reliable technic for examining patients with a variety of intracranial abnormalities. In acute lesions where there is extravasated blood, the CAT scan shows areas of increased density on the precontrast study which measures 70 to 90 Hounsfield units. In lesions with increased flow or blood volume, the postcontrast study reveals areas of increased density due to greater pooling of contrast medium.

Evaluation of compression spot films in duodenal cap ulcers: study of 63 cases.

Eight hundred and twenty patients were examined in an effort to test the abilities of compression studies, erect spot film studies, and air contrast examinations to detect duodenal cap ulcers. The 63 ulcers found are reviewed.

Bedside radiographic examinations: indications and contraindications.

Indications for requesting and performing bedside radiographic examinations in an institutional setting are proposed. A prospective study of such examinations was made in a 500-bed hospital. All nursing units were evaluated for criteria used in requesting bedside examinations.