Comparison of gingival biotype in smokeless tobacco users (Gutka and Paan) and non-tobacco users.

Objective: To assess the gingival biotypes in smokeless tobacco (Gutka and Paan) users and compare it with non-tobacco users in Karachi sub-population using trans-gingival probing method (TRAN).

Methods: This in-vivo, cross sectional study was conducted in the department of Operative Dentistry from 20th February 2019 to 25th June 2019 Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional review board of DUHS (Ref: IRB-1207/DUHS/Approval/2019/21). A total of 70 participants, 35 subjects currently using smokeless tobacco (Gutka and Paan) and 35 non-tobacco users from both genders were included in the study after taking informed consent.

Effect of pre-cooling agent on intensity of pricking pain at intraoral injection site in adults: An experimental study.

Objective: To determine the effect of pre-cooling agent on the intensity of pricking pain at the intraoral injection site in adult patients.

Methods: The in-vivo interventional study was conducted at the Department of Operative Dentistry, Dr. Ishrat-ul-Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, from September 2018 to August 2019, and comprised adult patients of either gender.

Audiovisual Distraction: A Pricking Pain Reduction Modality among Ladies Receiving Intraoral Injections.

Objective: To determine the effect of audiovisual distraction (AVD) using virtual reality device (bobo VRZ4-VRBOX) on intensity of pricking pain at the intraoral injection site among different age groups in ladies.

Study Design: Experimental study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Department of Operative Dentistry, Dr.