Racial and ethnic disparities in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: 15-year experience at a safety net hospital system.

Despite recent therapeutic advances, ethnic minorities in the U.S. continue to have disproportionately poor outcomes in many hematologic malignancies including AML.

SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination IgG Antibody Responses in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies in a Myeloid Enriched Cohort: A Single Center Observation.

Objective: Patients diagnosed with hematologic malignancies are at increased risk for severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. We evaluated the serological IgG response following two doses of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in patients with hematologic malignancies.

Methods: Patients treated at UT Southwestern Medical Center with a diagnosis of a myeloid or lymphoid neoplasm were included.

Paradigm Shift in the Management of Acute Myeloid Leukemia-Approved Options in 2023.

The word Leukemia was coined nearly 200 years ago by Rudolf Virchow. Once a death sentence, Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is now a treatable condition. The introduction of "7 + 3" chemotherapy, originally reported from the Roswell Park Memorial institute in Buffalo, New York, in 1973, changed the treatment paradigm for AML.

Novel Investigational Agents and Pathways That May Influence the Future Management of Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Acute Myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clinically heterogeneous disease with a 5-year overall survival of 32% between 2012 to 2018. The above number severely dwindles with age and adverse risk of disease, presenting opportunities for new drug development and is an area of dire unmet need. Basic science and clinical investigators across the world have been working on many new and old molecule formulations and combination strategies to improve outcomes in this disease.

Possible role of IL-23 inhibitor in autoimmune hemolytic anemia.

Rituximab and prednisone are commonly used treatments for autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), where the body's immune system attacks and destroys its red blood cells. However, some AIHA patients may become refractory to rituximab treatment, and this can result in continued hemolysis and persistent anemia, making it challenging for affected individuals to manage their symptoms. The underlying causes of rituximab refractoriness in AIHA patients can be complex and vary from patient to patient.

Post-transplant cyclophosphamide and early mixed donor Chimerism in myeloid malignancies; a single-center experience.

Background: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) remains the only curative option for high-risk myeloid malignancies. Post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PT-Cy) has proven to be effective for graft versus host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. Given that graft-versus-tumor (GVT) effect plays a major role in reducing the risk of disease relapse, the application of PT-Cy must balance the risk of relapse.

Clinical and molecular characteristics associated with Vitamin C deficiency in myeloid malignancies; real world data from a prospective cohort.

Vitamin C is an essential vitamin that acts as a co-factor for many enzymes involved in epigenetic regulation in humans. Low vitamin C levels in hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) promote self-renewal and vitamin C supplementation retards leukaemogenesis in vitamin C-deficient mouse models. Studies on vitamin C levels in patients with myeloid malignancies are limited.

Analysis of the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on house-staff in the USA: addressing the ripple effects.

: The novel corona virus has changed the way individuals interact with each other and society. In the medical sector, this has affected the residents and fellows who spend the majority of their time on the front lines. : We conducted a cross-sectional survey to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lives and training of house-staff across the USA.

A crucial review on polycyclic aromatic Hydrocarbons - Environmental occurrence and strategies for microbial degradation.

Over the last century, contamination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has risen tremendously due to the intensified industrial activities like petrochemical, pharmaceutical, insecticides and fertilizers applications. PAHs are a group of organic pollutants with adverse effects on both humans and the environment. These PAHs are widely distributed in various ecosystems including air, soil, marine water and sediments.

Use of Peripheral μ-Opioid Receptor Antagonists for Treating Opioid-Induced Constipation among US Medicare Beneficiaries from 2014 to 2018.

Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) remains the most common adverse event associated with opioid use. Treatment with more novel and costly agents (such as peripheral μ-opioid receptor antagonists [PAMORAs]) may be indicated in patients with laxative-refractory OIC. Three PAMORAs are U.

Effect of C/N substrates for enhanced extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production and Poly Cyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) degradation.

Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) influenced Poly Cyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) degrading Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated from the marine environment. To increase the EPS production by Klebsiella pneumoniae, several physicochemical parameters were tweaked such as different carbon sources (arabinose, glucose, glycerol, lactose, lactic acid, mannitol, sodium acetate, starch, and sucrose at 20 g/L), nitrogen sources (ammonium chloride, ammonium sulphate, glycine, potassium nitrate, protease peptone and urea at 2 g/L), different pH, carbon/nitrogen ratio, temperature, and salt concentration were examined. Maximum EPS growth and biodegradation of Anthracene (74.

How do surgeons weather the storm of COVID-19 pandemic?

COVID-19 has infected more than 10 million people worldwide and it has become one of the biggest challenges in the modern medical history. Wearing of face masks, social distancing, effective hand hygiene and the use of appropriate personal protective equipment are important in flattening the curve of the pandemic. The role of the surgeons in this battle against COVID-19 include curbing the spread of the disease, to protect and preserve the surgical workforce and to ensure the continuance of essential surgical services.

BReast CAncer (BRCA) gene mutations as an emerging biomarker for the treatment of gastrointestinal malignancies.

BReast CAncer (BRCA) genes 1 and 2 were discovered in the 1990's by Hall et al. and Wooster et al. respectively.

Assessment of Racial Differences in Rates of Autopsy in the US, 2008-2017.

This cohort study assesses the racial differences in rates of autopsy in groups of decedents older than 18 years from 2008 to 2017 in the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database.

Dissemination of Information on Neutropenic Diet by Top US Cancer Centers: In-line with the Evidence?

The neutropenic diet is commonly prescribed to cancer patients with neutropenia with the goal of reducing infections. However, multiple randomized trials have proved no benefit with neutropenic diets compared to less restricted diets with regards to reducing infectious risk. We aimed to ascertain if top cancer centers recommended for or against the use of neutropenic diets on their official websites.

Are we reaping what we sow? Gender diversity in surgery: a survey of medical students.

Background: A survey of medical students from the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) at Dublin, Perdana and Penang in Malaysia was undertaken in an attempt to explore attitudes towards a career in surgery and document potential differences between male and female students' perceptions of a surgical career.

Method: A hyperlink to an online, anonymised questionnaire was distributed to medical students in 3rd, 4th and final year at three RCSI campuses. Basic descriptive statistics were used to describe the responses to individual questions and appropriate statistical tests used to compare male and female responses to questions.

Exploring multi potential uses of marine bacteria; an integrated approach for PHB production, PAHs and polyethylene biodegradation.

There are copious of bacteria exist in marine environment and it is very important to screen the potential microbes that has the ability to produce biopolymer polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) as well as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) degradation and conventional plastic high density polyethylene (HDPE) biodegradation. Numerous studies have been investigated individually on either one of characteristic feature like PHB production, PAHs and high density polyethylene (HDPE) degradation, but not all together. Hence, in this study, we tried to screen potential marine microbes that have the ability to perform all three features.

Trends in Outcomes of Patients With Metastatic Cancer Undergoing Intubation and Mechanical Ventilation: Results of the National Hospital Discharge Survey.

There has been an overall decline in intensive care unit mortality over the past 2 decades, including in patients undergoing intubation and mechanical ventilation (MV). Whether this decline extends to patients with metastatic cancer remains unknown. We analyzed the outcomes of patients with metastatic cancer undergoing intubation/MV using the National Hospital Discharge Survey (NHDS) database from 2001 to 2010.

A dedifferentiated large posterior mediastinal liposarcoma - An incidental finding successfully resected.

This is a case of a posterior mediastinal mass in an asymptomatic gentleman, which was resected successfully and he has been disease free for more than a year of follow up. The histopathology findings happen to be a rare occurrence.

Pitfall in diagnostic trauma laparoscopy.

The resurging interest in diagnostic laparoscopy has witnessed its increasing application in trauma surgery. Such unbridled enthusiasm has at times overlooked its shortcoming in the diagnosis and management of certain in abdominal injuries. We report and discuss one such conspicuous limitation and advocate that the use laparoscopy in abdominal trauma should be tempered with caution.