Comparative efficacy of intravenous treatments for perioperative shivering in patients undergoing caesarean delivery under neuraxial anaesthesia: A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomised-controlled trials.

Introduction: Shivering affects 52 % of patients undergoing caesarean delivery under neuraxial anaesthesia. Despite extensive research focused on its prevention, there is still no consensus regarding optimal pharmacological treatment. This systematic review and network meta-analysis aims to compare available intravenous treatments of perioperative shivering in patients undergoing caesarean delivery under neuraxial anaesthesia.

Choice of supraglottic airway devices: a network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Background: Over the last two decades, significant research interest has led to the development of a wide variety of supraglottic airways (SGAs) for anaesthesia providers to choose from.

Methods: In this network meta-analysis, we analysed 111 studies, enrolling 12 045 patients undergoing airway management with 29 SGAs. We targeted outcomes that contribute to clinicians' choice of one SGA over another.

Relative Perioperative Analgesic Efficacy of Superficial Versus Deep Approach of Serratus Anterior Plane Block for Anterior Chest Wall Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Objectives: Both superficial and deep serratus anterior plane (SAP) blocks are effective for anterior chest wall surgeries, but there is little clarity on which is more effective. Hence, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the comparative efficacy of the 2 approaches for SAP block after anterior chest wall surgery.

Materials And Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Central Registers of Controlled Trials for eligible RCTs from inception until August 2023.

Effect of prophylactic corticosteroids on postoperative neurocognitive dysfunction in the adult population: An updated systematic review, meta-analysis, and trial sequential analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Background And Aims: Postoperative neurocognitive dysfunction (PNCD) commonly occurs after surgery and prolongs hospital stays. Both direct noxious stimuli to the central nervous system and systemic inflammation have been implicated. Due to their potent anti-inflammatory effects, corticosteroids have been utilised to attenuate the incidence and severity of PNCD.

Prophylactic dexamethasone for rebound pain after peripheral nerve block in adult surgical patients: systematic review, meta-analysis, and trial sequential analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Background: Rebound pain occurs after the resolution of peripheral nerve block and hampers patient recovery in the postoperative period. We sought to synthesise available data from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy of prophylactic dexamethasone for rebound pain in adult patients undergoing surgery with a peripheral nerve block.

Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, RCTs reporting rebound pain and use of dexamethasone in the context of a peripheral nerve block were searched in various databases and updated in May 2023.

Comparison of gastric emptying time between breast-fed and formula milk-fed infants less than 6 months old, using gastric ultrasound-An observational study.

Background: Fasting before elective anesthesia care is a standardized practice worldwide. The aim is to decrease the risk of aspiration leading to pulmonary complications such as aspiration pneumonitis during anesthesia care. There are different guidelines for elective preoperative fasting in children.

"Primary" bulbar urethral ischemic necrosis following pelvic fracture urethral injury: A rare surgical challenge.

Ischemic necrosis of the bulbar urethra in a patient with pelvic fracture urethral injury without a prior history of surgical intervention is extremely rare and results in long-segment obliterative strictures that are difficult to manage. Instead of the more traditional approach of vascular reconstruction followed by transpubic end-to-end urethroplasty, these patients are better managed by up-front urethroplasty with a tubed flap or as a staged procedure with grafting and tubularization. Herein, we report a case of primary bulbar urethral ischemic necrosis due to pelvic fracture managed with tubularized preputial flap (McAninch flap) urethroplasty.

Untapped potential of non-conventional rubus species: bioactivity, nutrition, and livelihood opportunities.

Rubus species holds promise as a valuable source of polyphenols and bioactive compounds, offering significant potential as functional food ingredients with both nutraceutical and pharmaceutical benefits. However, many edible species within this genus remain under-explored and their importance is largely unrecognized. This review aims to provide an overview of the nutritional and bioactive components of both explored and under-explored Rubus species, highlighting their potential health advantages, value addition, and recent advancements.

Treatment of acute-onset hypertension in pregnancy: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing anti-hypertensives and route of administration.

Background: Consensus on the relative efficacy of available antihypertensive agents used in pregnancy is lacking.

Objective: To compare treatment success with antihypertensives and categorize by route of administration.

Search Strategy: MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, and clinicaltrials.

Intraoperative Blood Pressure and Carbon Dioxide Values during Aneurysmal Repair and the Outcomes after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Cerebral autoregulation impairment is a critical aspect of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)-induced secondary brain injury and is also shown to be an independent predictor of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) and poor neurologic outcomes. Interestingly, intraoperative hemodynamic and ventilatory parameters were shown to influence patient outcomes after SAH. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the association of intraoperative hypotension and hypocapnia with the occurrence of angiographic vasospasm, DCI, and neurologic outcomes at discharge.

Determination of the optimal length of insertion for central venous catheterization via axillary vein cannulation using preoperative chest X-ray- A prospective feasibility study.

Background And Aims: Ensuring safe central venous catheter tip placement is important. Multiple techniques are available to estimate the length of catheter insertion for subclavian and internal jugular approaches. However, the methods to determine the length of insertion for the axillary route have not been validated.

Emergency use of sugammadex after failure of standard reversal drugs and postoperative pulmonary complications: A retrospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: The use of sugammadex instead of neostigmine for the reversal of neuromuscular blockade may decrease postoperative pulmonary complications. It is unclear if this finding is applicable to situations where sugammadex is administered after the administration of neostigmine. The objective of this study was to compare the incidence of a composite outcome measure of major postoperative pulmonary complications in patients who received sugammadex as a rescue agent after neostigmine versus those who received sugammadex alone for reversal of neuromuscular blockade.

Pharmacological agents for prevention of pruritus in women undergoing Caesarean delivery with neuraxial morphine: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Background: Neuraxial opioids provide effective analgesia for Caesarean delivery, however, pruritus can be a troubling side-effect. Effective agents to prevent pruritus are needed. Our objective was to perform an updated systematic review and network meta-analysis to provide clinicians with a comparison of relative efficacy of available interventions to reduce the incidence of pruritus, induced by either intrathecal or epidural single-shot morphine, in women undergoing Caesarean delivery.

Efficacy of Different Approaches of Quadratus Lumborum Block for Postoperative Analgesia After Cesarean Delivery: A Bayesian Network Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Objectives: Various approaches to quadratus lumborum block (QLB) have been found to be an effective analgesic modality after cesarean delivery (CD). However, the evidence for the superiority of any individual approach still needs to be demonstrated. Therefore, we conducted this network meta-analysis to compare and rank the different injection sites for QLB for pain-related outcomes after CD.

Analgaesic efficacy of single-injection serratus anterior plane block for breast surgery: A systematic review, meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of randomised controlled trials.

There is conflicting evidence regarding the analgaesic efficacy of single-shot serratus anterior plane block (SAP) for breast surgery. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the analgaesic efficacy of SAP compared with non-block care (NBC) and other regional blocks, i.e.

Interventions to treat and prevent postpartum depression: a protocol for systematic review of the literature and parallel network meta-analyses.

Introduction: Postpartum depression has costly consequences for the mother, baby, and society. Numerous pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions are available for the prevention and treatment of postpartum depression. To date, no attempt has been made to synthesize the evidence from comparisons of interventions both within and across these categories.

Role of supplemental regional blocks on postoperative neurocognitive dysfunction after major non-cardiac surgeries: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background/importance: Postoperative neurocognitive dysfunction (PNCD) is a frequent and preventable complication after surgery. The large high-quality evidence for the efficacy of supplemental regional analgesia blocks (RAB) for preventing PNCD is still elusive.

Objective: The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of RAB versus standard anesthesia care on the incidence of PNCD in adult patients undergoing major non-cardiac surgery.

A randomized feasibility pilot-study of intravenous and subcutaneous administration of ketamine to prevent postpartum depression after planned cesarean delivery under neuraxial anesthesia.

Background: Evidence suggests ketamine may prevent postpartum depression (PPD) after cesarean delivery (CD) although intolerability and inconvenience of administration are problematic. We assessed the feasibility of studying ketamine (0.5 mg/kg, via subcutaneous injection or 40-min intravenous infusion) to prevent PPD after CD.

Serial Ultrasonographic-measurement of Gastric Residual Volume in Critically Ill Patients for Prediction of Gastric Tube Feed Intolerance.

Objective: To study the use of serial ultrasound gastric residual volume (GRV) measurements in predicting feed intolerance in critically ill patients.

Patients And Methods: This study was conducted in various intensive care units (ICUs) of All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi. Forty-three critically ill patients aged more than 18 years were studied for a total of 130 enteral feeding days.

The analgesic efficacy of intravenous dexamethasone for post-caesarean pain: A systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.

Background: Analgesic efficacy of intravenous dexamethasone has not been well defined after caesarean delivery. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of peri-operative dexamethasone administration on postoperative pain after caesarean delivery.

Objectives: We investigated the impact of perioperative intravenous dexamethasone on postoperative pain after caesarean delivery.

Temporal Evolution of the PcvCO-PaCO/CaO-CcvO Ratio vs Serum Lactate during Resuscitation in Septic Shock.

Background: Lactate as a target for resuscitation in patients with septic shock has important limitations. The PcvCO-PaCO/CaO-CcvO ratio may be used as an alternative for the same. The primary outcome of the study is to evaluate the correlation between serum lactate and PcvCO-PaCO/CaO-CcvO ratio measured at various time points to a maximum of 24 hours in patients with septic shock [mean arterial pressure (MAP) <65 mm Hg].

Effect of Change in Body Weight on Clinical Outcomes in Critically Ill Patients.

Background: Intravenous fluid optimization is an essential component of managing patients in a critical care setting. A cumulative positive fluid balance is consistent with poor outcomes in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). The overall utility of net cumulative fluid balance as a surrogate for assessing fluid overload has been interrogated.

Fascia iliaca block for hip fractures in the emergency department: meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis.

Background: Fascia iliaca block (FICB) has been used to reduce pain and its impact on geriatric patients with hip fractures.

Objective: We conducted this meta-analysis to investigate the analgesic efficacy of this block in comparison to standard of care (SOC) when performed by non-anesthesiologist in the emergency department.

Methods: Search on PubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE, Google Scholar and Cochrane database for randomized and quasi-randomized trials were performed.

Scientometric analysis of medical publications during COVID-19 pandemic: the twenty-twenty research boom.

Introduction: There was significant surge in the academic publications after the onset of COVID-19 outbreak. The aim of this study was to scientometrically analyze all the medical publications on COVID-19 in 2020 as well as the top 100 cited articles.

Evidence Acquisition: We performed a search of the "Web of Science" database using the keywords "COVID," and "corona" on December 20, 2020.