A transmandibular lateral transsphenoidal navigated surgical approach to access a pituitary macroadenoma in a warmblood mare.

A 16-year-old warmblood mare was referred with a progressive history of behavioral changes and left-sided blindness. Following neuroanatomical localization to the forebrain, magnetic resonance imaging of the head revealed a well-delineated, 4.5 cm in diameter, round pituitary mass causing marked compression of the midbrain and optic chiasm.

Clinical Evaluation of a New Surgical Augmentation Technique for Transarticular Atlantoaxial Fixation for Treatment of Atlantoaxial Instability.

The feasibility of a newly developed augmentation of ventral fixation technique for surgical stabilization of atlantoaxial instability was clinically evaluated in a cohort of eleven dogs, and long-term clinical outcomes were retrospectively analyzed. The new technique combines wire/suture fixation through a transverse hole in the axis anchored by two screws placed in the alae atlantis or at the cranial end of plates used to bridge the atlantoaxial joint ventrally. A previous biomechanical study demonstrated good stability of this technique during shear loading, comparable to the stability achieved with other standard techniques.

Osseointegration of titanium implants after surface treatment with ultraviolet light or cold atmospheric plasma in vivo.

Purpose: To determine the histological effects of ultraviolet light and cold atmospheric plasma treatment on the osseointegration of titanium implants in vivo.

Materials And Methods: Six juvenile pigs were divided into three groups of two animals each. A total of 54 titanium implants were placed randomly in the pigs' calvarial bone (nine implants per pig).

Accuracy of end-on fluoroscopy in predicting implant position in relation to the vertebral canal in dogs.

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of end-on fluoroscopy in predicting implant position in relation to the vertebral canal in the canine thoracolumbar vertebral column.

Study Design: imaging and anatomic study.

Animals: Canine cadaveric thoracolumbar vertebral columns ( = 5).

Accuracy and Safety of Neuronavigation for Minimally Invasive Stabilization in the Thoracolumbar Spine Using Polyaxial Screws-Rod: A Canine Cadaveric Proof of Concept.

Objectives:  The main aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of minimally invasive stabilization with polyaxial screws-rod using neuronavigation and to assess accuracy and safety of percutaneous drilling of screw corridors using neuronavigation in thoracolumbar spine and compare it between an experienced and a novice surgeon.

Study Design:  Feasibility of minimally invasive polyaxial screws-rod fixation using neuronavigation was first performed in the thoracolumbar spine of two dogs. Accuracy and safety of drilling screw corridors percutaneously by two surgeons from T8 to L7 in a large breed dog using neuronavigation were established by comparing entry and exit points coordinates deviations on multiplanar reconstructions between preoperative and postoperative datasets and using a vertebral cortical breach grading scheme.

Evaluation of Paraspinal Musculature in Small Breed Dogs with and without Atlantoaxial Instability Using Computed Tomography.

Objective:  The aim of this study was to evaluate differences in paraspinal musculature between dogs with and without atlantoaxial instability (AAI) using computed tomography scans.

Study Design:  Retrospective multicentre study evaluating transverse reconstructed computed tomography scans of 83 small breed dogs (34 with and 49 without AAI) for the cross-sectional paraspinal musculature area at three levels (Occiput/C1, mid-C1, mid-C2). Ratio of moments, dorsal-to-ventral muscle-area ratios (d-v-ratio) and ratios of the dorsal and ventral musculature to C2 height (d-C2-ratio and v-C2-ratio) were evaluated for differences between groups using multivariate analysis of variance ( < 0.

Determination of cutoff values on computed tomography and magnetic resonance images for the diagnosis of atlantoaxial instability in small-breed dogs.

Objective: To determine cutoff values for the diagnosis of atlantoaxial instability (AAI) based on cross-sectional imaging in small-breed dogs.

Study Design: Retrospective multicenter study.

Sample Population: Client-owned dogs (n = 123) and 28 cadavers.

Accuracy and Safety of Image-Guided Freehand Pin Placement in Canine Cadaveric Vertebrae.

Objective:  The aim of this study was to validate an imaging technique for evaluation of spinal surgery accuracy and to establish accuracy and safety of freehand technique in the thoracolumbar spine of large breed dogs.

Study Design:  After thoracolumbar spine computed tomography (CT), 26 drilling corridors were planned then drilled to receive 3.2 mm positive profile pins using a freehand technique.

Influence of the Head Neck Position on Imaging Measurements Used to Assess the Craniovertebral Junction in Small Breed Dogs: A Cadaveric Study.

Objective:  The study aimed to determine the influence of head neck position on imaging measurements used to assess the craniovertebral junction (CVJ) and to recommend the most appropriate position for the evaluation of the CVJ.

Study Design:  A cross-sectional sample of adult dogs' cadavers was subjected to a computed tomography scan of the cranium and the cranial cervical region in three standardized head positions. Imaging measurements often used to assess the CVJ were measured.

The experience of care partners of patients with Parkinson's disease psychosis.

Background: Parkinson's disease psychosis (PDP) has a major impact on quality of life and care partner burden; however, little is known about the lived experiences of care partners in managing PDP.

Objective: To understand how care partners of individuals with PDP experience their role and articulate their needs related to psychosis.

Methods: This was a qualitative study of semi-structured telephone interviews.

Sampling Method Affects HR-MAS NMR Spectra of Healthy Caprine Brain Biopsies.

The metabolic profiling of tissue biopsies using high-resolution-magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy may be influenced by experimental factors such as the sampling method. Therefore, we compared the effects of two different sampling methods on the metabolome of brain tissue obtained from the brainstem and thalamus of healthy goats by H HR-MAS NMR spectroscopy-in vivo-harvested biopsy by a minimally invasive stereotactic approach compared with postmortem-harvested sample by dissection with a scalpel. Lactate and creatine were elevated, and choline-containing compounds were altered in the postmortem compared to the in vivo-harvested samples, demonstrating rapid changes most likely due to sample ischemia.

Correlative Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Histopathology in Small Ruminant Listeria Rhombencephalitis.

Listeria rhombencephalitis, infection of the brainstem with , occurs mainly in humans and farmed ruminants and is associated with high fatality rates. Small ruminants (goats and sheep) are a large animal model due to neuropathological similarities. The purpose of this study was to define magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of listeria rhombencephalitis in naturally infected small ruminants and correlate them with histopathology.

Age over 25 years, but not plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone con-cen-tration above the seasonally adjusted reference range is predictive for radio-graphically assessed changes of chronic laminitis in elderly horses.

Endocrinopathic laminitis occurs as a consequence of hormonal derangements like pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID). The objective of the present study was to assess the occurrence of radiographic changes associated with chronic laminitis in elderly, clinically sound horses. Fifty-one horses were included in the study.

Degradation, Bone Regeneration and Tissue Response of an Innovative Volume Stable Magnesium-Supported GBR/GTR Barrier Membrane.

Introduction: Bioresorbable collagenous barrier membranes are used to prevent premature soft tissue ingrowth and to allow bone regeneration. For volume stable indications, only non-absorbable synthetic materials are available. This study investigates a new bioresorbable hydrofluoric acid (HF)-treated magnesium (Mg) mesh in a native collagen membrane for volume stable situations.

The Most Bothersome Aspects of Periods Reported by Individuals with Parkinson's Disease.

Introduction: The periods in Parkinson's disease have a significantly negative impact on quality of life. What the most bothersome aspects of periods are from the patient's perspective are not well studied, nor is the degree to which screening tools for wearing off such as the Wearing Off Questionnaires (WOQs) capture what bothers patients most.

Methods: A questionnaire was deployed to eligible participants of Fox Insight, an online study of individuals with self-reported Parkinson's disease.

Morphometric and functional study of the canine atlantoaxial joint.

The atlantoaxial joint can be affected by instability, in most cases a congenital pathology in young small breed dogs. Causes of atlantoaxial instability (AAI) are variable but are usually attributed to a lack of ligamentous support. The purpose of the present study was to specify the role of the ligamentous structures in the stabilisation of the atlantoaxial joint and to find possible adaptations of the ligaments' internal structure to their specific function.

Bronchioalveolar carcinoma in an adult alpaca (Vicugna pacos).

Background: This report describes a case of a bronchiolar adenocarcinoma in a 6-year old alpaca mare. For the first time in an alpaca, neoplasia was classified by histopathology as a lepidic-predominant bronchiolar adenocarcinoma.

Case Presentation: The mare was referred to the Clinic for Ruminants after a 6-week period of forced breathing and weight loss.

Perioperative Management in Patients With Undergoing Direct Oral Anticoagulant Therapy in Oral Surgery - A Multicentric Questionnaire Survey.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to survey the current opinions of hospitals and medical practices concerning the perioperative management of patients undergoing direct oral anticoagulant therapy (DOAC) and discuss recommendations for the clinical practice.

Materials And Methods: A questionnaire with 13 topics and multiple ordinal-polytomous subitems was designed and sent to 120 Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in Austria, Switzerland and Germany, as well as to 85 oral and maxillofacial/oral surgeons in medical offices in Hamburg, Germany. The data were statistically evaluated by Chi-square, Fisher's exact and Jonckheere-Terpstra tests.

Polymelia in a chimeric Simmental calf: nociceptive withdrawal reflex, anaesthetic and analgesic management, anatomic and genetic analysis.

Background: Polymelia is a congenital defect characterized by one or more supernumerary legs. The genetics and aetiology of this condition in cattle have not yet been thoroughly investigated even though several case reports do exist. The model of the nociceptive withdrawal reflex (NWR) has been characterized in several species to study spinal nociceptive processing.

Complication rates and clinical outcomes of osseous free flaps: a retrospective comparison of CAD/CAM versus conventional fixation in 128 patients.

Studies evaluating plate-related complications in patient-specific versus conventional fixation systems in free flap surgery are lacking. This was a retrospective study of 128 osseous free flaps with a minimum follow-up of 12 months. Wound healing disorders, plate exposure, fixation failure, and subtotal osseous union were recorded and evaluated statistically by univariate and regression analysis.

Influence of UV Irradiation and Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma on Zirconia Surfaces: An In Vitro Study.

Purpose: To compare the influence of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAP) treatment on surface structure, surface chemistry, cytocompatibility, and cell behavior on zirconia in vitro.

Materials And Methods: Zirconia samples (TZ-3YSBE) were treated by UV irradiation, oxygen plasma, or argon plasma for 12 minutes each and compared with the nontreated samples. Surface analysis was conducted using scanning electron microscopy, roughness analysis, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

Craniovertebral Junction Anomalies in Small Breed Dogs with Atlantoaxial Instability: A Multicentre Case-Control Study.

Objective:  The main purpose of this study was to define criteria to systemically describe craniovertebral junction (CVJ) anomalies and to report the prevalence of CVJ anomalies in small breed dogs with and without atlantoaxial instability (AAI).

Materials And Methods:  Retrospective multicentre matched case-control study evaluating magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomographic images of small breed dogs with and without AAI for the presence of CVJ anomalies.

Results:  One hundred and twenty-two dogs were enrolled (61 with and 61 without AAI).