[Treatment of community-acquired pneumonia--treatment].

Penicillin is the drug of choice for treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Denmark. The primary determinant for therapeutic activity of penicillin is ''penicillin time'' (T>MIC), i.e.

Pharmacokinetic characterization of a pig model of ciclosporin A nephrotoxicity following intravenous administration.

Background: Recently, we investigated pharmacokinetics and acute nephrotoxicity of oral ciclosporin A (CsA) in pigs. We found that pigs require higher oral CsA doses to obtain comparable area under the concentration versus time curve (AUC) levels to renal transplant patients. The purpose of this study was to examine pharmacokinetics and possible acute renal effects of intravenous CsA in order to further characterize the pig as a model of CsA nephrotoxicity.

Constant intravenous ghrelin infusion in healthy young men: clinical pharmacokinetics and metabolic effects.

Ghrelin levels fluctuate rapidly and dynamically with surges before meal times and postprandial troughs, and ghrelin increases appetite and food intake. Circulating ghrelin correlates negatively with body mass index (BMI), but obese individuals have a reduced postprandial decrease in ghrelin levels. Whether this reflects changes in secretion or clearance of ghrelin is uncertain.

Blunted non-nitric oxide vasodilatory neurotransmission in penile arteries from renal hypertensive rats.

The present study was designed to explore whether there are any effects on neurogenic responses in penile small arteries during the development of hypertension in a one-kidney, one-clip (1K1C) model, a non-renin-dependent model of renovascular hypertension. Five weeks after surgery, male Sprague-Dawley rats were given vehicle, bendroflumethiazide (7.5 mg/kg/day), or L-arginine (2 g/kg/day) in their drinking water for five weeks.

Pain intensity and bioavailability of intramuscular asparaginase and a local anesthetic: a double-blinded study.

Background: To evaluate if dissolution of asparaginase in lidocaine can relieve pain of an intramuscular injection in children without changes in bioavailability.

Procedure: The study was designed as a double-blinded study, randomizing 12 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) to four different combinations of injections, including two injections where asparaginase was dissolved in a lidocaine solution and two in sterile water. Seventeen treatment courses of asparaginase, each consisting of four injections, were evaluated.

Glibenclamide blunts coronary flow reserve induced by adenosine and dipyridamole.

Objective: A reduced coronary flow reserve is considered indicative of significant coronary stenosis. As experimental data suggest that adenosine and dipyridamole induce vasodilatation by opening of ATP-sensitive potassium channels, we sought to determine the effect of glibenclamide, an antidiabetic blocker of ATP-sensitive potassium channels, on adenosine- and dipyridamole-induced coronary flow reserve.

Design: Coronary flow velocities were measured in 15 pigs using a Doppler flow wire.

Anti-Erwinia asparaginase antibodies during treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and their relationship to outcome: a case-control study.

Purpose: A case-control study was performed to determine whether patients who had been treated with Erwinia asparaginase as part of their treatment for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and who showed relapsed of their disease more often developed anti-asparaginase antibodies than patients who remained in remission.

Methods: A group of 13 patients who showed relapsed of their disease (median follow-up 35 months) were randomly matched with control patients of the same risk group (two control patients to each case), who had received therapy of the same intensity during the same period (median follow-up 70 months). Anti- Erwinia asparaginase antibodies were measured (ELISA method) during maintenance therapy after asparaginase treatment (30,000 IU/m(2) daily for 10 days in all patients plus twice weekly for 2 weeks in intermediate-risk and high-risk ALL patients).

Antibody formation during intravenous and intramuscular therapy with Erwinia asparaginase.

Background: Determination of the frequency of antibody formation during first and second exposure to Erwinia asparaginase after i.v. and i.