Protective Effects of Medicinal Plant-Based Foods against Diabetes: A Review on Pharmacology, Phytochemistry, and Molecular Mechanisms.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) comprises a range of metabolic disorders characterized by high blood glucose levels caused by defects in insulin release, insulin action, or both. DM is a widespread condition that affects a substantial portion of the global population, causing high morbidity and mortality rates. The prevalence of this major public health crisis is predicted to increase in the forthcoming years.

Acute Anti-Hyperglycaemic Activity of Five Traditional Medicinal Plants in High Fat Diet Induced Obese Rats.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM), a prevalent non-communicable disease, is a metabolic condition involving defective pancreatic β-cells and/or insulin resistance. Researchers are presently exploring traditional medicinal plants to identify alternatives for treating diabetes due to the various disadvantage of current anti-diabetic medicines.

Objective: The present study evaluated the anti-hyperglycaemic effects of ethanol extracts of five medicinal plants (EEMPs) (, , , and ) which are traditionally used as an ethnomedicine to treat diabetes and numerous other health problems.

Insulin secretory actions of ethanolic extract of Acacia arabica bark in high fat-fed diet-induced obese Type 2 diabetic rats.

Acacia arabica commonly known as 'babul' has been widely used for the treatment of numerous diseases, including diabetes due to their potential pharmacological actions. The aim of the present study was to investigate the insulinotropic and antidiabetic properties of ethanol extract of Acacia arabica (EEAA) bark through in vitro and in vivo studies in high fat-fed (HFF) rats. EEAA at 40-5000 µg/ml significantly increased (P<0.

Antidiabetic Actions of Ethanol Extract of Leaf Ameliorates Insulin Secretion, Inhibits the DPP-IV Enzyme, Improves Glucose Tolerance, and Increases Active GLP-1 (7-36) Levels in High-Fat-Diet-Fed Rats.

(green tea) is used in traditional medicine to treat a wide range of ailments. In the present study, the insulin-releasing and glucose-lowering effects of the ethanol extract of (EECS), along with molecular mechanism/s of action, were investigated in vitro and in vivo. The insulin secretion was measured using clonal pancreatic BRIN BD11 β cells, and mouse islets.

Polyphenol-Rich Leaf of Stimulates Insulin Release from BRIN-BD11 Cells and Isolated Mouse Islets, Reduces (CHO) Digestion and Absorption, and Improves Glucose Tolerance and GLP-1 (7-36) Levels in High-Fat-Fed Rats.

, commonly known as custard apple, is traditionally used for the treatment of various diseases including diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and gastritis. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of an ethanolic (80% /) extract of (EEAS) leaves in vitro on insulin secretion from clonal pancreatic BRIN BD11 β-cells and mouse islets, including mechanistic studies on the effect of EEAS on membrane potential and intracellular calcium ion concentration. Additional in vitro glucose-lowering actions were assessed.

Therapeutic Potential of Quercetin in the Management of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder that is spreading alarmingly around the globe. Type-2 DM (T2DM) is characterized by low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance and is closely linked to obesity. T2DM is mainly controlled by lifestyle/dietary changes and oral antidiabetic drugs but requires insulin in severe cases.

Insulin Secretory Actions of Ethanol Extract of Leaf, including Plasma DPP-IV and GLP-1 Levels in High-Fat-Fed Rats, as Well as Characterization of Biologically Effective Phytoconstituents.

Due to the numerous adverse effects of synthetic drugs, researchers are currently studying traditional medicinal plants to find alternatives for diabetes treatment. is known to be used as a remedy for various illnesses, including diabetes. This study aimed to explore the effects of ethanol extract of (EEEC) on in vitro and in vivo systems, including the mechanism/s of action.

Pharmacologically Active Phytomolecules Isolated from Traditional Antidiabetic Plants and Their Therapeutic Role for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus.

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic complication that affects people of all ages. The increased prevalence of diabetes worldwide has led to the development of several synthetic drugs to tackle this health problem. Such drugs, although effective as antihyperglycemic agents, are accompanied by various side effects, costly, and inaccessible to the majority of people living in underdeveloped countries.

Therapeutic Potential of Cannabinoids on Tumor Microenvironment: A Molecular Switch in Neoplasia Transformation.

The efficacy of chemotherapy depends on the tumor microenvironment. This microenvironment consists of a complex cellular network that can exert both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on tumor genesis. Given the increasing interest in the effectiveness of cannabis, cannabinoids have gained much attention as a potential chemotherapy drug.

Insulin secretory and antidiabetic actions of Heritiera fomes bark together with isolation of active phytomolecules.

In folklore, Heritiera fomes (H. fomes) has been extensively used in treatment of various ailments such as diabetes, cardiac and hepatic disorders. The present study aimed to elucidate the antidiabetic actions of hot water extract of H.

In vitro and in vivo antihyperglycemic activity of the ethanol extract of Heritiera fomes bark and characterization of pharmacologically active phytomolecules.

Objective: This study aimed to demonstrate the mechanistic basis of Heritiera fomes, which has traditionally been used to treat diabetes.

Methods: Clonal pancreatic β-cells and primary islets were used to measure insulin release. 3T3-L1 cells were used to analyse insulin action, and in vitro systems were used to measure further glucose-lowering activity.

Anti-proliferative, Anti-angiogenic and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Moringa peregrina Leaf Extracts on Testosterone- Induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Rats.

Aim: To investigate the potential anti-inflammatory and biochemical effects of Moringa peregrina leaf extracts on testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in rats.

Methods: Six groups of rats (each group included 5 rats) were included in this study. The groups included: 1) the control group, 2) the testosterone-induced BPH group, 3) with 50 mg/kg bwt (bodyweight) oil-treated BPH, 4) with 100 mg/kg bwt.

Exploiting the Metabolism of the Gut Microbiome as a Vehicle for Targeted Drug Delivery to the Colon.

The prevalence of colon-associated diseases has increased significantly over the past several decades, as evidenced by accumulated literature on conditions such as Crohn's disease, irritable bowel syndrome, colorectal cancer, and ulcerative colitis. Developing therapeutics for these diseases is challenging due to physiological barriers of the colon, systemic side effects, and the intestinal environment. Therefore, in a search for novel methods to overcome some of these problems, researchers discovered that microbial metabolism by gut microbiotia offers a potential method for targeted drug delivery This overview highlights several drug delivery systems used to modulate the microbiota and improve colon-targeted drug delivery.

Identification of Multiple Pancreatic and Extra-Pancreatic Pathways Underlying the Glucose-Lowering Actions of Bark in Type-2 Diabetes and Isolation of Active Phytoconstituents.

  is used traditionally to treat a variety of ailments, including diabetes. This study elucidated the antidiabetic actions of bark together with the isolation of bioactive molecules. Insulin secretion and signal transduction were measured using clonal β cells and mouse islets.

Insulinotropic and antidiabetic properties of Eucalyptus citriodora leaves and isolation of bioactive phytomolecules.

Objective: The aim of this study was to delineate the mechanisms of action of the plant Eucalyptus citriodora used traditionally for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Insulin secretion and signal transduction were measured using clonal pancreatic β-cells and mouse islets. Glucose uptake was assessed using 3T3-L1 adipocytes and in vitro systems assessed additional glucose-lowering actions.

Effects of 22 traditional anti-diabetic medicinal plants on DPP-IV enzyme activity and glucose homeostasis in high-fat fed obese diabetic rats.

The present study investigated the effects of hot water extracts of 22 medicinal plants used traditionally to treat diabetes on Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) activity both in vitro and in vivo in high-fat fed (HFF) obese-diabetic rats. Fluorometric assay was employed to determine the DPP-IV activity. For in vivo studies, HFF obese-diabetic rats were fasted for 6 h and blood was sampled at different times before and after the oral administration of the glucose alone (18 mmol/kg body weight) or with either of the four most active plant extracts (250 mg/5 ml/kg, body weight) or established DPP-IV inhibitors (10 μmol/5 ml/kg).

Anti-hyperglycaemic and insulin-releasing effects of leaves and isolation and characterisation of active compounds.

Anti-diabetic actions of Camellia sinensis leaves, used traditionally for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) treatment, have been determined. Insulin release, membrane potential and intra-cellular Ca were studied using the pancreatic β-cell line, BRIN-BD11 and primary mouse pancreatic islets. Cellular glucose-uptake/insulin action by 3T3-L1 adipocytes, starch digestion, glucose diffusion, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-IV) activity and glycation were determined together with in vivo studies assessing glucose homoeostasis in high-fat-fed (HFF) rats.

Evaluation of the Antidiabetic and Insulin Releasing Effects of , Including Isolation and Characterization of Active Phytochemicals.

is generally referred to as a 'custard apple'. Antidiabetic actions of hot water extract of (HWAS) leaves together with isolation of active insulinotropic compounds were studied. Insulin release, membrane potential and intracellular Ca were determined using BRIN-BD11 cells and isolated mouse islets.

Dietary Crocin is Protective in Pancreatic Cancer while Reducing Radiation-Induced Hepatic Oxidative Damage.

Pancreatic cancer is one of the fatal causes of global cancer-related deaths. Although surgery and chemotherapy are standard treatment options, post-treatment outcomes often end in a poor prognosis. In the present study, we investigated anti-pancreatic cancer and amelioration of radiation-induced oxidative damage by crocin.

Effects of on insulin secretion, dipeptidyl peptidase IV activity and both carbohydrate digestion and absorption indicate potential as an adjunctive therapy for diabetes.

Spirulina platensis has been found to be useful in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The present study aims to elucidate the effects of ethanol extract and butanol fraction of S. platensis on insulin release and glucose homoeostasis in type 2 diabetic rats, together with their mechanism of actions.

Anti-hyperglycaemic activity of H. rosa-sinensis leaves is partly mediated by inhibition of carbohydrate digestion and absorption, and enhancement of insulin secretion.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (HRS) is a tropical flowery plant, widely distributed in Asian region and an important traditional medicine used in many diseases including cough, diarrhoea and diabetes.

Aim Of This Study: Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (HRS) leaves have been reported to possess anti-hyperglycaemic activity, but little is known concerning the underlying mechanism. This study investigated effects of ethanol extract of HRS on insulin release and glucose homeostasis in a type 2 diabetic rat model.

stimulates insulin secretion from isolated rat islets and inhibits the digestion and absorption of (CHO) in the gut.

seeds are traditionally reputed as possessing anti-diabetic properties. As a result, we aim to explore the mechanism of its anti-hyperglycemic activity. The present study uses various experimental designs including gastrointestinal (GI) motility, intestinal disaccharidase activity and inhibition of carbohydrate digestion and absorption in the gut.

Anti-hyperglycaemic activity of is partly mediated by carbohydrase inhibition and glucose-fibre binding.

has potential anti-hyperglycaemic effects that have been reported earlier by different scientific groups using animal models of diabetes. We aimed to explore the possible mechanisms of action of extract through different methods. Primarily, we measured fasting blood glucose and performed glucose tolerance test, in Type 2 diabetic rats.

Investigation of antinociceptive activity of methanolic extract of Persicaria orientalis leaves in rodents.

Background: This study aims to evaluate the scientific basis of traditional application of Persicaria orientalis for reducing pain and inflammation.

Methods: An in vitro method was performed to investigate the presence of the anti-inflammatory activity of methanolic crude extract of P. orientalis.