Comparing fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography with computed tomography in staging for nodal and distant metastasis in urothelial/bladder cancer.

Objectives: We aim to assess the clinical value of F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron (F-FDG-PET) scan in detecting nodal and distant metastasis compared with computed tomography (CT) scan in patients with urothelial carcinoma or bladder cancer, aiming to improve staging accuracy and thereby better prognosticate and determine therapy.

Methods: A retrospective review of 75 patients with invasive bladder cancer (≥T1) who were staged with both CT and F-FDG-PET within an 8-week interval was performed for the period between 2015 and 2020. Seventy-two per cent (54/75) had formal pelvic lymph node (LN) dissection or biopsy of lesions suspicious for metastases.

The SUB-urothelial DUrvalumab InjEction-1 (SUBDUE-1) trial: first-in-human trial in patients with bladder cancer.

Objectives: To assess the safety of sub-urothelial injection of durvalumab and examine the impact on tissue and circulating immune cell populations.

Patients And Methods: The patients were chemotherapy and immunotherapy naïve (bacille Calmette-Guérin allowed) with non-metastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer or non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer planned for radical cystectomy (RC). The study was a Phase Ib 3 + 3 dose-escalation design with sub-urothelial injection of durvalumab at three pre-determined doses (25, 75, 150 mg) diluted in 25 mL normal saline, injected at 25 locations (25 × 1 mL injections), at least 2 weeks before RC.

Lymph node assessment technique matters in radical cystectomy for bladder cancer.

Background: For patients undergoing radical cystectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection for urothelial cancer, a lymph node count of at least 16 is associated with improved cancer-specific and overall survival. Lymph node yield is presumed to relate directly to extent of dissection and surgical quality, however limited studies have reviewed the impact of the pathological assessment process of lymph nodes on lymph node yield.

Method: A retrospective assessment of 139 patients who had radical cystectomy for urothelial cancer between March 2015 and July 2021 from Fiona Stanley Hospital (Perth, Australia) by a single surgeon was assessed.

Fremantle protocol: Multicenter clinical outcomes for a pragmatic protocol for intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin.

Objectives: To examine the utility and efficacy of a multifaceted protocol for the administration of intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).

Subjects And Methods: A multicenter retrospective review was conducted among 83 patients undergoing Fremantle protocol intravesical BCG for NMIBC within 4 major hospitals in Western Australia between January 2016 and December 2018. The Fremantle protocol consists of weekly BCG instillations for 6 weeks during the induction phase, followed by monthly BCG instillations for 10 months during the maintenance phase with integrated clearance-to-proceed algorithms for urine MSU checks, flexible cystoscopies performed at 3 monthly intervals during maintenance BCG, and repeat GA cystoscopies with four quadrant bladder biopsies routinely obtained following the completion of induction and maintenance treatment.

Analysis of the financial impact and efficiency of the One Stop Prostate Clinic: A same day prostate cancer diagnostic clinic in the Australian public health system.

Background: Access to prostate cancer diagnostic clinics are challenging for rural men in Western Australia due to remoteness and long travel distances. The One Stop Prostate Clinic (OSPC) provided same day assessment and diagnosis for prostate cancer in a public tertiary hospital to reduce access barriers for rural men. The objective of this study was to determine the financial and resource utilisation impact of the OSPC compared to a usual care pathway (UCP).

Centralization and prospective audit of cystectomy are necessary: a commentary on the case for centralization, supported by a contemporary series utilizing the ANZUP cystectomy database.

Bladder cancer (BC) outcomes are unacceptably poor. In Australia, BC survival is actually deteriorating. There is an urgent need to improve outcomes in BC patients, which requires a multipronged approach.

: An unusual cause of renal abscess in an immunocompetent patient.

Renal abscess is a rare manifestation of infection. This usually occurs in the presence of risk factors that include immunosuppression, renal stones and urinary structural abnormality. We describe a 19-year-old male with no risk factors who developed a left renal abscess and gram-negative sepsis caused by .

Anterior pelvic exenteration and synchronous bilateral nephroureterectomy for BK polyoma virus induced urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: A case report.

BK polyoma virus (BKV) is a known risk factor for the development of urothelial carcinoma. There is currently limited data on the management of BKV-induced urothelial carcinoma (BUC) of the bladder, with available data limited to case reports. It remains debatable whether radical cystectomy (RC) with removal of the native urinary tract or RC alone is the most optimal management for BUC of the bladder.

Zirconium-labelled girentuximab (Zr-TLX250) PET in Urothelial Cancer Patients (ZiPUP): protocol for a phase I trial of a novel staging modality for urothelial carcinoma.

Introduction: Bladder cancer is a lethal disease with a rising incidence on a background of limited conventional imaging modalities for staging (either CT of the chest-abdomen-pelvis or 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emitting tomography (FDG-PET/CT)). CT is known to have relatively low sensitivity for detecting low volume metastatic disease, an important goal when considering surgical interventions entailing significant potential morbidity. FDG is also limited, being predominantly renally excreted and, therefore, producing intense non-specific activity in the urinary tract, which limits its utility to detect bladder and upper tract lesions, or nodal metastases in close proximity to the urinary tract.

Technetium-99 m-sestamibi single-photon emission computerised tomography (CT)/CT in the prediction of malignant versus benign small renal masses.

Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of technetium-99m ( Tc)-sestamibi single-photon emission computerised tomography/computerised tomography (SPECT/CT) in distinguishing between malignant and benign renal lesions.

Patients And Methods: Between June 2018 and October 2020 all patients with new indeterminate small renal masses (SRMs) underwent Tc-sestamibi renal SPECT/CT before biopsy or surgery. The accuracy of Tc-sestamibi imaging diagnoses was assessed against histopathology.

Nurse-led telephone notification of a prostate cancer diagnosis: Prospective analysis of men's preferences for and experiences of a same-day assessment and diagnostic clinic.

Objective: The 'One Stop Prostate Clinic' (OSPC) was a same-day prostate cancer assessment and/or diagnostic clinic. Preferences and experiences of men who received initial telephone notification of their prostate biopsy results (cancer or benign) by the OSPC Clinical Nurse (CN) are reported.

Methods: Prospective mixed methods study using survey instrument and thematic analysis of OSPC preferences and experiences.

Adenocarcinoma of the urethra: A rare subtype of urethral cancer.

Urethral adenocarcinoma (UA) is a rare type of urethral cancer with a poor prognosis. We present a case of UA of intestinal subtype in a 57-year-old patient who initially had lower urinary tract symptoms and was subsequently found to have a urethral lesion in a urethral diverticulum on pelvic MRI which was confirmed on biopsy. She had neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by open anterior pelvic exenteration, complete urethrectomy and ileal conduit urinary diversion.

Gender discrepancies in bladder cancer: potential explanations.

Introduction: Gender differences in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) exist. Although men have a higher incidence of UCB, women tend to have poorer outcomes. We have explored and summarized the evidence for gender differences of UCB diagnosis and prognosis, together with reasons for these disparities.

Multi-route antifungal administration in the management of urinary bezoar.

A 65-year-old lady was admitted with urosepsis and imaging suggesting right sided hydronephrosis secondary to a filling defect consistent with a fungal bezoar. An indwelling urinary catheter and a right percutaneous nephrostomy tube were inserted. Candida glabrata cultured from urine was resistant to fluconazole.