Efficacy of Intralesional Aqueous Bleomycin in Treatment of Pediatric Lymphatic Malformations.

Introduction: Lymphatic malformations (LMs) are an aberrant developmental anomaly of dysplastic sequestrated lymphatic vessels. Though surgical excision has been the conventional treatment modality, it has been associated with injury to adjacent structures, recurrences, and poor cosmesis. Intralesional bleomycin has shown a promising role in the treatment of LMs, and we present our experience with aqueous intralesional bleomycin in the pediatric population including infants in terms of its efficacy, complications, and parental satisfaction.

Parameatal urethral cyst in a 9-year-old boy.

Parameatal urethral cyst (PUC) is a comparatively unusual pathology in children. Since its first report, approximately 100 cases have been reported in the literature, mostly in the Japanese population. We report such a case in a 9-year old boy who presented with urine stream distortion, successfully managed by complete excision of the cyst, with total removal of the epithelium, which is the treatment of choice to prevent recurrence.

An Unusual Presentation of Sacrococcygeal Germ Cell Tumor With Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia as a Paraneoplastic Syndrome.

The tumors that induce autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) are usually hematological neoplasms such as malignant lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. AIHA associated with germ cell tumors is very rare with literature limited to case reports with most of them reported with ovarian dermoid, which abated with the removal of the tumor. We report an unusual presentation of AIHA with malignant sacrococcygeal germ cell tumor in a 3-year-old child, which rapidly disappeared after the excision of a sacrococcygeal teratoma.