Spatiotemporal regulation of anther's tapetum degeneration paved the way for a reversible male sterility system in cotton.

Male sterility is an important agronomical trait in self-pollinating plants for producing cost-effective F1 hybrids to harness the heterosis. Still, large-scale development and maintenance of male sterile lines and restoring fertility in F1 hybrids pose significant challenges in plant hybrid breeding. Cotton is a self-pollinating crop and exhibits strong hybrid vigor.

Decarboxylative click cycloaddition: an emerging strategy towards substituted 1,2,3-triazole derivatives.

1,2,3-triazole is a vital structural motif of various drugs and therapeutic leads, as well as a linker for bioconjugation and molecular recognition. Cu-catalysed click cycloaddition of azides with terminal alkynes (CuAAc) is an important reaction to construct the triazole core. In recent years, various decarboxylative click strategies utilizing alkynoic acids as stable surrogates for low boiling or gaseous alkynes have been developed.

Selection and validation of reference genes for quantitative expression analysis of regeneration-related genes in Cheilomenes sexmaculata by real-time qRT-PCR.

Background: Regeneration is a fascinating phenomenon that has intrigued scientists for a long time. Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius), a zig-zag ladybird beetle, possesses a high capacity for limb regeneration. The molecular mechanics of the zig-zag ladybird beetle are under-explored.

Structural diversification of fungal cell wall in response to the stress signaling and remodeling during fungal pathogenesis.

Fungi are one of the most diverse organisms found in our surroundings. The heterotrophic lifestyle of fungi and the ever-changing external environmental factors pose numerous challenges for their survival. Despite all adversities, fungi continuously develop new survival strategies to secure nutrition and space from their host.

Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles with Moringa Oleifera leaf Extract Induce Mitotic Arrest (G2/M phase) and Apoptosis in Dalton's Lymphoma Cells.

The therapeutic potential of chemically synthesized AuNPs has been demonstrated in various types of cancer. However, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) synthesized using typical chemical methods have concerns regarding their environmental safety and adverse impact on human well-being. To overcome this issue, we used an environmentally friendly approach in which gold nanoparticles were synthesized using Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MLE).

Exploring Steroidal Saponin Composition and Morphometric Characteristics of Rhizomes from Trillium govanianum Wall. ex D. Don: Inference for Medicinal Properties and Genetic Stock Improvement.

Trillium govanianum, a medicinal herb, exhibiting diverse morphometric traits and phytochemicals across developmental stages of plants. The changes in the chemical profile and steroidal saponin levels in the rhizome of T. govanianum across different developmental stages were previously unknown.

Cytoskeleton remodeling: a central player in plant-fungus interactions.

The eukaryotic cytoskeleton is a complex scaffold consisting of actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Although fungi and plants lack intermediate filaments, their dynamic structural network of actin filaments and microtubules regulates cell shape, division, polarity, and vesicular trafficking. However, the specialized functions of the cytoskeleton during plant-fungus interactions remain elusive.

Metabolomics-driven investigation of plant defense response against pest and pathogen attack.

The advancement of metabolomics has assisted in the identification of various bewildering characteristics of the biological system. Metabolomics is a standard approach, facilitating crucial aspects of system biology with absolute quantification of metabolites using minimum samples, based on liquid/gas chromatography, mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. The metabolome profiling has narrowed the wide gaps of missing information and has enhanced the understanding of a wide spectrum of plant-environment interactions by highlighting the complex pathways regulating biochemical reactions and cellular physiology under a particular set of conditions.

Recent advancements in the role of histone acetylation dynamics to improve stress responses in plants.

In eukaryotes, transcriptional regulation is determined by the DNA sequence and is facilitated through sophisticated and complex chromatin alterations and histone remodelling. Recent research has shown that the histone acetylation dynamic, an intermittent and reversible substitution, constitutes a prerequisite for chromatin modification. These changes in chromatin structure modulate genome-wide and specific changes in response to external and internal cues like cell differentiation, development, growth, light temperature, and biotic stresses.

ApCPS2 contributes to medicinal diterpenoid biosynthesis and defense against insect herbivore in Andrographis paniculata.

Kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata) spatiotemporally produces medicinally-important ent-labdane-related diterpenoids (ent-LRDs); andrographolide (AD), 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (DDAD), neoandrographolide (NAD). ApCPS1 and ApCPS2, the ent-copalyl pyrophosphate (ent-CPP)-producing class II diterpene synthases (diTPSs) were identified, but their contributions to ent-CPP precursor supply for ent-LRD biosynthesis were not well understood. Here, we characterized ApCPS4, an additional ent-CPP-forming diTPS.

Molecular aspects of regeneration in insects.

Regeneration is a fascinating phenomenon observed in various organisms across the animal kingdom. Different orders of class Insecta are reported to possess comprehensive regeneration abilities. Several signalling molecules, such as morphogens, growth factors, and others trigger a cascade of events that promote wound healing, blastema formation, growth, and repatterning.

Unraveling pathogen deceptive disguise: from modules to mimicry.

Pathogens rely on their effector proteins to colonize host plants. These effectors have diverse functions. A recent study by Li et al.

Major phenolic compounds, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities of (L.) collected from different altitudes in India.

Antibiotic resistance poses a serious threat to public health, raising the number of diseases in the community. Recent research has shown that plant-derived phenolic compounds have strong antimicrobial, antifungal, and cytotoxic properties against a variety of microorganisms and work as great antioxidants in such treatments. The goal of the current work is to evaluate the anticancerous, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity activities in the extracts of the different plant parts (leaves, stems, and roots) of (L.

Deciphering the kinetics and pathway of lindane biodegradation by novel soil ascomycete fungi for its implication in bioremediation.

Lindane, an organochlorine pesticide, negatively affects living beings and the ecosystem. In this study, the potential of 9 Ascomycetes fungi, isolated from an hexachlorocyclohexane dumpsite soil, was tested for biodegradation of lindane. The strain Pleurostoma richardsiae (FN5) showed lindane biodegradation rate constant (K value) of 0.

Genomics-assisted genetics of complex regions from chickpea chromosome 4 reveals two candidate genes for Ascochyta blight resistance.

Ascochyta blight (AB) disease caused by the fungus Ascochyta rabiei is a major threat to global chickpea production. Molecular breeding for improved AB resistance requires the identification of robust fine-mapped QTLs/candidate genes and associated markers. Earlier, we identified three QTLs (qABR4.

Plant BBR/BPC transcription factors: unlocking multilayered regulation in development, stress and immunity.

This review provides a detailed structural and functional understanding of BBR/BPC TF, their conservation across the plant lineage, and their comparative study with animal GAFs. Plant-specific Barley B Recombinant/Basic PentaCysteine (BBR/BPC) transcription factor (TF) family binds to "GA" repeats similar to animal GAGA Factors (GAFs). These GAGA binding proteins are among the few TFs that regulate the genes at multiple steps by modulating the chromatin structure.

mediated Genetic Transformation of Cotton and Regeneration via Somatic Embryogenesis.

Cotton is a significant industrial crop, playing an essential role in the global economy that suffers several setbacks due to biotic and abiotic adversities. Despite such problems, biotechnological advances in cotton are limited because of genetic transformation and regeneration limitations. Here, we present a detailed protocol optimized based on previously published papers, along with our modifications.

Failure of methanol detoxification in pests confers broad spectrum insect resistance in PME overexpressing transgenic cotton.

Methanol is noxious to insect pests, but most plants do not make enough of it to shield themselves from encroaching insects. Methanol emission is known to increase in the instance of herbivory. In the current study, we showed that Aspergillus niger pectin methylesterase over-expression increases methanol emission and confers resistance to polyphagous insect pests on transgenic cotton plants by impeding the possible methanol detoxification pathways.

A small cysteine-rich fungal effector, BsCE66 is essential for the virulence of Bipolaris sorokiniana on wheat plants.

The Spot Blotch (SB) caused by hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen Bipolaris sorokiniana is one of the most devastating wheat diseases leading to 15-100% crop loss. However, the biology of Triticum-Bipolaris interactions and host immunity modulation by secreted effector proteins remain underexplored. Here, we identified a total of 692 secretory proteins including 186 predicted effectors encoded by B.

Natural Products as Potential Therapeutic Agents for SARS-CoV-2: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective.

Coronavirus is a single-stranded RNA virus discovered by virologist David Tyrrell in 1960. Till now seven human corona viruses have been identified including HCoV-229E, HCoVOC43, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. In the present scenario, the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak causing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, became the most serious public health emergency of the century worldwide.

The industrially important genus : An ethnopharmacological review.

, a genus of the family Zingiberaceae, is widely distributed with more than 50 species which are mostly found throughout Southeast Asia. These plants have important ethnobotanical significance as many species are used in Ayurvedic and other traditional medicine preparations. This genus has received a lot of scholarly attention recently as a result of the numerous health advantages it possesses.

Role of Nod factor receptors and its allies involved in nitrogen fixation.

Lysin motif (LysM)-receptor-like kinase (RLK) and leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-RLK mediated signaling play important roles in the development and regulation of root nodule symbiosis in legumes. The availability of water and nutrients in the soil is a major limiting factor affecting crop productivity. Plants of the Leguminosae family form a symbiotic association with nitrogen-fixing Gram-negative soil bacteria, rhizobia for nitrogen fixation.

BAR domain is essential for early endosomal trafficking and dynamics in .

Unlabelled: Ascochyta blight disease is a devastating disease caused by the fungal pathogen that threatens chickpea production around the globe. Endocytic mechanism has a significant role in fungal growth and virulence. The underlying biology of biogenesis of central component of endocytosis viz Rab5 vesicles, is not completely understood.

The R2R3-MYB-SG7 transcription factor CaMYB39 orchestrates surface phenylpropanoid metabolism and pathogen resistance in chickpea.

Flavonoids are important plant pigments and defense compounds; understanding the transcriptional regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis may enable engineering crops with improved nutrition and stress tolerance. Here, we characterize R2R3-MYB domain subgroup 7 transcription factor CaMYB39, which regulates flavonol biosynthesis primarily in chickpea trichomes. CaMYB39 overexpression in chickpea was accompanied by a change in flux availability for the phenylpropanoid pathway, particularly flavonol biosynthesis.

Comparative transcriptional analysis of metabolic pathways and mechanisms regulating essential oil biosynthesis in four elite Cymbopogon spp.

Cymbopogon is an important aromatic and medicinal grass with several species of ethnopharmaceutical importance. The genus is extremely rich in secondary metabolites, monoterpenes like geraniol and citral being principal constituents, also used as biomarker for classification and identification of Cymbopogon chemotypes. In the light of this, present study involved RNA sequencing and comparison of expression profiles of four contrasting Cymbopogon species namely C.