Intergenerational transitions in age at menarche: insights from Chandauli district, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Background: Menarche, a milestone in a woman's reproductive journey, is influenced by various factors such as lifestyle and dietary habits. Recent studies have corroborated this claim and prompted further investigation. This study explores the connection between menarche timing with lifestyle and dietary habits among three generations of women from the Sakaldiha block of Chandauli district and presents valuable insights into the role of diet and lifestyle in this crucial reproductive event.

Reproductive and child health transition among selected empowered action groups states of India: A district-level analysis.

Background: Health is an inseparable part of life and central to all life supporting systems. The reproductive and child health shares a major portion of public health cases that is crucial for socio-economic development. Studies on reproductive and child health have traditionally been focused on demographic aspects using socio-economic parameters.

Physical-mental health and awareness of HIV/STIs among men who have sex with men in selected cities of India.

Background: Men who have Sex with Men being sexual minorities are a vulnerable section of society and are at greater risk of ill-treatment if they are 'out of the closet' regarding their sexuality. Previous evidence suggests that they experienced heightened susceptibility to physical and mental illnesses owing to widespread discrimination and victimization across different walks of life, particularly in developing countries. However, there is a paucity of sound data and scientific understanding related to linkages between physical-mental health and awareness about Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Sexually Transmitted Infections among Men who have Sex with Men in the Indian context.

Assessing Socioeconomic Vulnerabilities Related to COVID-19 Risk in India: A State-Level Analysis.

Objective: There is a paucity of scientific analysis that has examined spatial heterogeneities in the socioeconomic vulnerabilities related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) risk and potential mitigation strategies at the sub-national level in India. The present study examined the demographic, socioeconomic, and health system-related vulnerabilities shaping COVID-19 risk across 36 states and union territories in India.

Methods: Using secondary data from the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Government of India; Census of India, 2011; National Family Health Survey, 2015-16; and various rounds of the National Sample Survey, we examined socioeconomic vulnerabilities associated with COVID-19 risk at the sub-national level in India from March 16, 2020, to May 3, 2020.

Micro-geographic targeting for precision public policy: Analysis of child sex ratio across 587,043 census villages in India, 2011.

Child sex ratio (CSR) is a marker of disproportionate sex ratio at birth and discriminatory practices that lead to differential survival in early childhood by sex. We used the 2011 Census on rural India to present the first local analysis of CSR across 587,043 villages. In our multilevel analysis considering villages, tehsils, districts, and states/union territories, we found 96% of the total variation in CSR to be attributed to villages.

The infectious disease blood safety risk of Australian hemochromatosis donations.

Background: It has been suggested that blood donors with hereditary hemochromatosis may pose an increased infectious disease risk and adversely affect recipient outcomes. This study compares the infectious disease risk of whole blood (WB) donors enrolled as therapeutic (T) donors to voluntary WB donors to evaluate the safety of blood products provided by the T donors.

Study Design And Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of all WB donations at the Australian Red Cross Blood Service who donated between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2013, comparing a yearly mean of 11,789 T donors with 107,773 total donations and a yearly mean of 468,889 voluntary WB donors with 2,584,705 total donations.

Secular trends in menarcheal age in India-evidence from the Indian human development survey.

Background: Evidence from a number of countries in Europe and North America point towards the secular declining trend in menarcheal age with considerable spatial variations over the past two centuries. Similar trends were reported in several developing countries from Asia, Africa and Latin America. However, data corroborating any secular trend in the menarcheal age of the Indian population remained sparse and inadequately verified.

Infant and child mortality in India in the last two decades: a geospatial analysis.

Background: Studies examining the intricate interplay between poverty, female literacy, child malnutrition, and child mortality are rare in demographic literature. Given the recent focus on Millennium Development Goals 4 (child survival) and 5 (maternal health), we explored whether the geographic regions that were underprivileged in terms of wealth, female literacy, child nutrition, or safe delivery were also grappling with the elevated risk of child mortality; whether there were any spatial outliers; whether these relationships have undergone any significant change over historical time periods.

Methodology: The present paper attempted to investigate these critical questions using data from household surveys like NFHS 1992-1993, NFHS 1998-1999 and DLHS 2002-2004.

Trends in malnutrition among children in India: growing inequalities across different economic groups.

This paper examines the trends and patterns of economic inequalities with respect to child malnutrition by wealth status of population across major regions and states of India. Data from three rounds of National Family and Health Survey (NFHS) conducted during 1992-2006 were analyzed. The proportion of underweight children (measure of both acute and chronic malnutrition) has been used as a dependent variable.

Early marriage, poor reproductive health status of mother and child well-being in India.

Background And Methodology: Early marriage, women's poor reproductive health and child well-being are important areas of concern, especially in developing countries like India. Data from the third wave of National Family Health Survey (NFHS, 2005-2006) was used to examine the effects of early marriage on the reproductive health status of women and on the well-being of their children. Bivariate analyses, multiple linear regression and logistic regression were used for analyses.

Economic inequalities in maternal health care: prenatal care and skilled birth attendance in India, 1992-2006.

Background: The use of maternal health care is limited in India despite several programmatic efforts for its improvement since the late 1980's. The use of maternal health care is typically patterned on socioeconomic and cultural contours. However, there is no clear perspective about how socioeconomic differences over time have contributed towards the use of maternal health care in India.