Zinc ionophores isolated from Terminalia bellirica fruit rind extract protect against cardiomyocyte hypoxia/reoxygenation injury.

The study aimed to isolate and characterize zinc ionophores from Terminalia bellirica fruit using a liposome assay and test its utility in H9c2 rat cardiomyoblasts cells subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation. Ethyl acetate extract that exhibited zinc ionophore activity was resolved to yield three polyphenols that were characterized as epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG), epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and epigallocatechin (EGC) by nuclear magnetic resonance and electrospray ionization-mass spectra. The polyphenols enhanced the uptake of zinc into the liposomes and increased FluoZin-3 fluorescence.

Ellagic Acid from Terminalia arjuna Fruits Protects Against Chromium and Cobalt Toxicity in Primary Human Lymphocytes.

Increased accumulation of heavy metal ions such as Cr and Co due to release from prostheses and metallic implants has been reported. These metal ions have been shown to affect both resting and activated lymphocytes. Natural remedies towards mitigating the cytotoxic effects of metal ions are clearly warranted.

Phytoassisted synthesis of magnesium oxide nanoparticles from Pterocarpus marsupium rox.b heartwood extract and its biomedical applications.

Background: Unlike chemical techniques, the combination of metal oxide nanoparticles utilizing plant concentrate is a promising choice. The purpose of this work was to synthesize magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO-NPs) utilizing heartwood aqueous extract of Pterocarpus marsupium. The heartwood extract of Pterocarpus marsupium is rich in polyphenolic compounds and flavonoids that can be used as a green source for large-scale, simple, and eco-friendly production of MgO-NPs.

Andrographolide suppresses cisplatin-induced endothelial hyperpermeability through activation of PI3K/Akt and eNOS -derived nitric oxide.

Cisplatin upregulate the intercellular adhesion molecule expression on the surface of endothelium, which in turn mediates enhanced infiltration by monocytes or leukocytes, resulting in endothelial dysfunction. Here we examined changes induced by andrographolide, a diterpenoid lactone isolated from Andrographis paniculata on endothelial cell activation and hyperpermeability in cisplatin-stimulated endothelial cells. Cisplatin upregulated endothelial ICAM-1 expression, through an NF-κB dependent mechanism, that also required the enhanced translocation of Protein Kinase C-α (PKC) onto the plasma membrane, phosphorylation of transient receptor potential channel 1 (TRPC), leading to store-operated Ca-entry (SOCE), endothelial cell dysfunction and hyperadhesion of U937 monocytes.

Zinc-dependent changes in oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress during cardiomyocyte hypoxia/reoxygenation.

Myocardial zinc dyshomeostasis is associated with caspase-3 activation, ErbB2 degradation and apoptosis during hypoxia/reoxygenation. Zinc pyrithione replenishes intracellular zinc, suppresses caspase-3, augments ErbB2 levels and improves cell survival. We hypothesize that zinc is capable of modulating redox and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the setting of cardiomyocyte hypoxia-reoxygenation.

Low Ctr1p, due to lack of Sco1p results in lowered cisplatin uptake and mediates insensitivity of rho0 yeast to cisplatin.

Copper and cisplatin share copper transporter 1 (Ctr1) for cellular import. Copper depletion increases sensitivity of wild type yeast to cisplatin, whereas mitochondrial DNA-deficient rho0 cells are resistant to cisplatin. In the current study, we sought to determine whether copper deprivation modulates sensitivity of rho0 yeast to cisplatin.

Loss of ErbB2-PI3K/Akt signaling prevents zinc pyrithione-induced cardioprotection during ischemia/reperfusion.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine if zinc homeostasis is affected during ischemia/reperfusion, if so, whether zinc pyrithione limits myocardial cell death and improves hemodynamics when administered as an adjunct to reperfusion and if ErbB receptor tyrosine kinases that are important for the long-term structural integrity of the heart are indispensable for reperfusion salvage.

Methods: Isolated perfused rat hearts were subjected to 35min of global ischemia and reperfused for 120min to determine the relative intracellular zinc levels by TSQ staining. The hearts were reperfused in the presence of incremental concentrations of zinc pyrithione for the first 10min during reperfusion.

Intracellular zinc status influences cisplatin-induced endothelial permeability through modulation of PKCα, NF-κB and ICAM-1 expression.

Platinum-based chemotherapeutic regimen induces vascular dysfunction. Action of cisplatin on endothelial cells is mediated by protein kinase C (PKC-α), which further activates nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and induces canonical transient receptor potential channel (TRPC1) and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1) expression. Increased ICAM-1 contributes to hyperadhesion of monocytes and endothelial dysfunction.

Zinc pyrithione inhibits caspase-3 activity, promotes ErbB1-ErbB2 heterodimerization and suppresses ErbB2 downregulation in cardiomyocytes subjected to ischemia/reperfusion.

Heart tissue becomes zinc-depleted and the capacity to mobilize labile zinc is diminished, indicating zinc dyshomeostasis during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Apparently, zinc pyrithione restores the basal zinc levels during I/R and prevents apoptosis by activating phosphatidyl inositol-3-kinase/Akt and targeting mitochondrial permeability transition. Receptor tyrosine kinases of the ErbB family (ErbB1 to ErbB4) are cell surface proteins that can regulate cell growth, proliferation and survival.

Attenuation of non-enzymatic thermal glycation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) using β-carotene.

Although heat treatment of proteins is believed to promote and accelerate glycation, the accompanying structural changes in proteins because of heat denaturation and/or glycation are not completely understood. In addition, there is an increasing interest for inhibitors of thermal glycation in food processing. β-Carotene is a naturally occurring carotenoid found in many vegetables, fruits and herbs, with known antioxidant activity.