Coinciding Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema Grading With Rat Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Enhanced Capsule Generation Adversarial Network.

In the worldwide working-age population, visual disability and blindness are common conditions caused by diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME). Nowadays, due to diabetes, many people are affected by eye-related issues. Among these, DR and DME are the two foremost eye diseases, the severity of which may lead to some eye-related problems and blindness.

The Prevalence of Congenital Color Vision Abnormality Among Patients Attending a Tertiary Eye Care Center in Southern India.

Background and objective Color vision abnormality is a condition where the faculty to identify one or more primary colors is either defective (anomalous) or absent (anopia). Occupations like armed forces, merchant navy, navigation, and police and fire services require normal color vision. There is a scarcity of data in the literature regarding the prevalence of congenital color vision abnormality in patients in South India.

Dynamic changes in virus-induced volatiles in cotton modulate the orientation and oviposition behavior of the whitefly .

Manipulation of insect vector behavior by virus-induced plant volatiles is well known. But how the viral disease progression alters the plant volatiles and its effect on vector behavior remains less explored. Our studies tracked changes in volatile profile in progressive infection stages of cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuV) infected plants and their effect on behavior.

Antibacterial and antitubercular evaluation of dihydronaphthalenone-indole hybrid analogs.

A new series of indole appended dihydronaphthalenone hybrid analogs (5a-t) have been synthesized through the Lewis acid catalyzed Michael addition of indoles to the arylidene/hetero arylidene ketones. All the synthesized derivatives are well characterized through the H-NMR, C-NMR, HRMS spectroscopic techniques, compound 5r was further confirmed through single crystal X-ray analysis and screened for antibacterial and antitubercular activities. Among the synthesized compounds, the minimum inhibition concentration of 5l (against Escherichia coli) and 5o & 5p (against E.

High throughput LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of tenofovir, lamivudine and nevirapine in human plasma.

A selective and high throughput liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of tenofovir (TFV), lamivudine (3TC) and nevirapine (NVP) in human plasma using emtricitabine (FTC) as internal standard (ISTD). Following solid phase extraction (SPE), the analytes and ISTD were run on Prontosil C18AQ column (100mm×4.6mm, 3μm) using an isocratic mobile phase consisting of 1mM ammonium acetate in water (pH 6.

Biochemical effects of feeding soft drink and ethanol.

This work was undertaken to study whether consumption of alcoholic beverage mixed with soft drinks could reduce the metabolic effect caused by ethanol. When 24 hr fasted rats were intragastrically fed rum (with 40% ethanol) diluted (1:1) with water, 3.0 ml (0.

Utility of the Malayalam translation of the 7- minute screen for Alzheimer's disease risk in an Indian community.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is suspected to be currently under-diagnosed in India, thus the need for a brief, effective screening test for the condition.

Aims: We aimed to test the Malayalam translation of the 7-Minute Screen (7MS) for detecting those at high risk for AD and to report on the subscores used to derive the Alzheimer's risk score.

Setting And Design: This study was performed in Kerala State amongst young university students and elders in residential care homes.