Discriminatory Accuracy of Fracture Risk Assessment Tool in Asian Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: This review explores the discriminative ability of fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX) in major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) and hip fracture (HF) risk prediction and the densitometric diagnosis of osteoporosis in Asian populations.

Methods: We systematically searched the EMBASE, Cochrane, and PubMed databases from the earliest indexing date to January 2024. Studies were included if FRAX was used to identify future osteoporotic fractures or a densitometric diagnosis of osteoporosis in an Asian population and reported the area under the curve (AUC) values.

Single-cell transcriptomics: a new frontier in plant biotechnology research.

Single-cell transcriptomic techniques have ushered in a new era in plant biology, enabling detailed analysis of gene expression at the resolution of individual cells. This review delves into the transformative impact of these technologies on our understanding of plant development and their far-reaching implications for plant biotechnology. We present a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in single-cell transcriptomics, emphasizing their application in elucidating complex cellular processes and developmental pathways in plants.

Enrichment of Peanut butter using Curcuma Longa (turmeric) industrial byproducts and its impact on shelf life.

This study explores the potential of Curcuma longa byproducts, called Curcuminoid removed turmeric oleoresin (CRTO), to extend the shelf life of peanut butter. CRTO, rich in curcuminoids, was added to peanut butter formulations to assess its preservative effects, flavour impact, and nutritional benefits. Results demonstrated that CRTO oil and curcuminoids effectively prolonged peanut butter shelf life by delaying rancidity.

Integrating physiological and multi-omics methods to elucidate heat stress tolerance for sustainable rice production.

Heat stress presents unique challenges compared to other environmental stressors, as predicting crop responses and understanding the mechanisms for heat tolerance are complex tasks. The escalating impact of devastating climate changes heightens the frequency and intensity of heat stresses, posing a noteworthy threat to global agricultural productivity, especially in rice-dependent regions of the developing world. Humidity has been demonstrated to negatively affect rice yields worldwide.

Refracture and mortality risk in the elderly with osteoporotic fractures: the AGES-Reykjavik study.

Unlabelled: There is imminent refracture risk in elderly individuals for up to six years, with a decline thereafter except in women below 75 who face a constant elevated risk. Elderly men with fractures face the highest mortality risk, particularly those with hip and vertebral fractures. Targeted monitoring and treatment strategies are recommended.

Nitric oxide, energy, and redox-dependent responses to hypoxia.

Hypoxia occurs when oxygen levels fall below the levels required for mitochondria to support respiration. Regulated hypoxia is associated with quiescence, particularly in storage organs (seeds) and stem cell niches. In contrast, environmentally induced hypoxia poses significant challenges for metabolically active cells that are adapted to aerobic respiration.

Functioning of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in honey coffee (Coffea canephora) and their effect on metabolites, volatiles and flavor profiles.

Post-harvesting and microbial activity of coffee play a critical role in the metabolites and the sensory quality of the brew. The pulped natural/honey coffee process is an improvised semi-dry technique consisting of prolonged fermentation of depulped coffee beans excluding washing steps. The starter culture application in coffee industry plays an important role to enhance the cup quality.

Genome-wide identification and analysis of SPL gene family in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.).

A transcription factor in plants encodes SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein-like (SPL) serves a broad spectrum of important roles for the plant, like, growth, flowering, and signal transduction. A gene family that encodes SPL proteins is documented in various model plant species, including Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa. Chickpea (Cicer arietinum), a leguminous crop, has not been thoroughly explored with regard to the SPL protein-encoding gene family.

CT image-based biomarkers for opportunistic screening of osteoporotic fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The use of opportunistic computed tomography (CT) image-based biomarkers may be a low-cost strategy for screening older individuals at high risk for osteoporotic fractures and populations that are not sufficiently targeted. This review aimed to assess the discriminative ability of image-based biomarkers derived from existing clinical routine CT scans for hip, vertebral, and major osteoporotic fracture prediction. A systematic search in PubMed MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science was conducted from the earliest indexing date until July 2023.

Targeting MALAT1 Augments Sensitivity to PARP Inhibition by Impairing Homologous Recombination in Prostate Cancer.

Unlabelled: PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have emerged as a promising targeted therapeutic intervention for metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, the clinical utility of PARPi is limited to a subset of patients who harbor aberrations in the genes associated with the homologous recombination (HR) pathway. Here, we report that targeting metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), an oncogenic long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), contrives a BRCAness-like phenotype, and augments sensitivity to PARPi.

Phosphorus-Induced One-Step Synthesis of NiCoS Electrode Material for Efficient Hydrazine-Assisted Hydrogen Production.

Rational control of the reaction parameters is highly important for synthesizing active electrocatalysts. NiCoS is an excellent spinel-based electrocatalyst that is usually prepared through a two-step synthesis. Herein, a one-step hydrothermal route is reported to synthesize P-incorporated NiCoS.

GO/CuO Nanohybrid-Based Carbon Dioxide Gas Sensors with an Arduino Detection Unit.

A gas sensor is a device that detects the presence of gases in a specific area. This research work demonstrates the effectiveness of gas sensors based on graphene oxide (GO) and copper oxide (CuO) semiconductor nanomaterials for the detection of carbon dioxide. GO and CuO were prepared by the modified Hummer's method and precipitation method using CuCl as a precursor, respectively.

Pulped natural/honey robusta coffee fermentation metabolites, physico-chemical and sensory profiles.

The pulped natural/honey coffee (HC) of Coffea canephora (Robusta) is an innovative modified semi-dry technique. Studies have focused on HC and washed coffee (WC) fermentation, microbial metabolites, quality of green and roasted, using H NMR, GC-MS, and sensory investigation. Pipecolate and 3-hydroxy-3-methyglutarate have been identified for the first time.

Efficacy of Two Different Hydrodynamic Sinus Lift Systems for Atraumatic Elevation in Immediate Implant Placement.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of two hydrodynamic sinus lifting procedures and to successfully place immediate implants in maxillary posterior sites that have a compromised native bone as a result of periodontal or endodontic disease.

Patients And Methods: A total of 26 patient sites were enrolled with 13 sites each in the Minimally Invasive Antral Membrane Balloon Elevation (MIAMBE) and Drill Integrated Hydrodynamics for the transcrestal sinus floor elevation (DIHSFE) groups who received transcrestal sinus floor elevation followed by immediate implant placement. Clinical parameters such as sinus membrane perforations, nasal bleeding, postoperative sinusitis, VAS scores at Day-7 for pain and discomfort, primary implant stability and time taken were evaluated.

Rheological Behavior and Printability Study of Tri-Calcium Phosphate Ceramic Inks for Direct Ink Writing Method.

In the biomedical industry, tricalcium phosphate is a bioceramic substance that is frequently employed in the fabrication of scaffolds and bone structures. Fabrication of porous ceramic structures using conventional manufacturing techniques is very challenging because of the brittle nature of the ceramics, which has led to a newly adapted direct ink writing additive manufacturing method. This work investigates the rheology and extrudability of TCP inks to produce near-net-shape structures.

Computational Modelling, Functional Characterization and Molecular Docking to Lead Compounds of Bordetella pertussis Diaminopimelate Epimerase.

Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough, is an opportunistic virulent bacterial pathogen that is resistant to a wide range of antibiotics due to a variety of resistance mechanisms. Looking at the increasing number of infections caused by B. pertussis and its resistance to diverse antibiotics, it is essential to develop alternative strategies to fight against B.

Abiotic stress tolerance in plants: a fascinating action of defense mechanisms.

Climate fluctuation mediated abiotic stress consequences loss in crop yields. These stresses have a negative impact on plant growth and development by causing physiological and molecular changes. In this review, we have attempted to outline recent studies (5 years) associated with abiotic stress resistance in plants.

Salvage of Injured Lower Limb and Improvement of Quality of Life of a 1½-Year-Old Child.

We present a case of left proximal femoral artery transection injury in 1½-year-old male child due to a fall over a bike handle after sustaining a road traffic accident. He was presented to the emergency room with a cut proximal end of the left femoral artery and a fracture upper end of the shaft of the femur seen at the wound site. Following initial resuscitation, the patient was planned for wound exploration, fracture stabilization, and femoral artery repair which were executed, and salvage of the lower limb of 1½-year-old child was achieved.

Nitric oxide mediated alleviation of abiotic challenges in plants.

Agriculture and ecosystem are negatively influenced by the abiotic stresses which create solemn pressures on plants as they are sessile in nature leading to excessive losses in economy. For maintenance of sustainable agriculture and to fulfil the cumulative call of food for rapidly growing population worldwide, it becomes crucial to protects the crop plants from climate fluctuations. Plants fight back against these challenges by generation of redox molecules comprising reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and cause modulation at cellular, physiological and molecular levels.

Free Vascularized Supraclavicular Autologous Heterotopic Lymph Node Transfers Without Skin Paddle for Lymphedema Lower Limb.

Free vascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT) is one of the new and highly efficacious procedures in the cases of lymphedema. In this case, we present a case of lower-limb lymphedema which was managed by this procedure where a supraclavicular LN was harvested and transferred to the lower leg. VLNT from the supraclavicular region is a very effective treatment for physiological restoration of the lymphatic flow in established cases of lower-limb lymphedema because of well-hidden favorable scar and minimal chances of secondary iatrogenic lymphedema in the donor region unlike other sites such as groin and axilla.

Ligand-Tuned Energetics for the Selective Synthesis of NiP and NiP Possessing Bifunctional Electrocatalytic Activity toward Hydrogen Evolution and Hydrazine Oxidation Reactions.

The occurrence of many phases and stoichiometries of nickel phosphides calls for the development of synthetic levers to selectively produce phases with purity. Herein, thiol (-SH) and carboxylate (-COO) functional groups in ligands were found to effectively tune the energetics of nickel phosphide phases during hydrothermal synthesis. The initial kinetic product NiP transforms into thermodynamically stable NiP at longer reaction times.

ResMem-Net: memory based deep CNN for image memorability estimation.

Image memorability is a very hard problem in image processing due to its subjective nature. But due to the introduction of Deep Learning and the large availability of data and GPUs, great strides have been made in predicting the memorability of an image. In this paper, we propose a novel deep learning architecture called ResMem-Net that is a hybrid of LSTM and CNN that uses information from the hidden layers of the CNN to compute the memorability score of an image.

"Use of pedicled corticoperiosteal flap in resistant cases of distal femur non-union: Our learning experience".

Introduction: Nonunion of distal femur is a complex problem with the added burden of poor bone stock, osteopenia, and joint contracture. Various procedures are described ranging from osteosynthesis using auto/allograft, to use of mega prosthesis. Use of vascularized corticoperiosteal flap based on descending genicular artery and superomedial genicular artery is a new technique to provide living vascular graft for the nonunion site.