Why do patients with urinary diversions have an increased risk of bone fracture? A systematic review on risk factors for osteoporosis and bone mineral density loss in this group of patients.

Introduction: Patients undergoing radical cystectomy with urinary diversions (UD) are at increased risk of bone fractures compared to the general population. Although a loss of bone mineral density (BMD) has been described in patients with UD, we still do not know with certainty why these patients follow this tendency.

Objective: We performed a systematic review of the available literature to analyze the prevalence of osteoporosis and bone alterations in patients with ileal UD and the possible associated risk factors.

Prevalence of metabolic acidosis in ileal diversions more than one year after radical cystectomy and associated secondary metabolic effects.

Introduction And Objective: Metabolic acidosis (MA) is a well-known complication in patients with ileal urinary diversions. It is common in the early postoperative stages and decreases over time. Our objective is to investigate the prevalence of MA after more than one year of follow-up, identify the associated risk factors, and analyze its secondary metabolic consequences.

Metabolic acidosis after ileal urinary diversion and radical cystectomy. Do we know as much as we think we do? A systematic review.

Urine contact with the mucosa of the urinary diversion (UD) after radical cystectomy (RC) produces different ion exchanges that favor the development of metabolic acidosis (MA). This phenomenon is a frequent cause of hospital readmission and short/long-term complications. We performed a systematic review of MA in RCs with ileal UD, analyzing its prevalence, diagnosis, risk factors and treatment.

Impact of anemia on the survival of patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of preoperative anemia and its effect on oncological outcomes in patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC) due to bladder cancer.

Material And Methods: Retrospective single-center study with 176 RCs between May 2008 and July 2018. Anemia was defined according to the WHO classification (male<130mg/dL, female<120mg/dL).

Dissection of the inferior mesenteric vein versus of the inferior mesenteric artery for the genitourinary function after laparoscopic approach of rectal cancer surgery: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Total Mesorectal Excision (TME) is the standard surgical technique for the treatment of rectal cancer. However, rates of sexual dysfunction ofup to 50% have been described after TME, and rates of urinary dysfunction of up to 30%. Although other factors are involved, the main cause of postoperative genitourinary dysfunction is intraoperative injury to the pelvic autonomic nerves.

The Place of Transanal Endoscopic Surgery in the Treatment of Rectourethral Fistula.

Objective: To assess the role of transanal endoscopic operation (TEO) or transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) in rectourethral fistulas (RUF). RUF may appear after radical prostatectomy. Their treatment represents a challenge; many therapies have been proposed, from conservative to aggressive surgical approaches.

Diagnosis of prostate cancer by analyzing oxidative stress in human seminal plasma: developing unsophisticated tools for noninvasive prostate cancer diagnosis.

Prostate-specific antigen blood testing has improved early detection of prostate cancer (PCa); however, PCa mortality has not decreased accordingly and a prostate biopsy is still required for a definitive diagnosis. Proteomic biomarker screening in easily available body fluids such as seminal plasma is now increasingly being proposed as a solution to improve PCa detection and prognosis. PCa cells typically produce high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

[Extra peritoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Preliminary results].

Objectives: Presentation of our initial experience with the practice of the laparoscopic radical prostatectomy through the extraperitoneal access (ELRP). We describe the proceeding and its technical difficulties, time consumption and complications.

Methods: From January to May 2005 we have indicated 17 ELRP in our institution.

[Intrascrotal aggressive angiomyxoma].

Objective: To describe a case of aggressive scrotal angiomyxoma in a 55-year old man.

Methods: Ultrasound examination revealed a tumor on the scrotum. Surgical resection and histopathological study of the tumor was performed.

[Transformation of glandular cystitis into bladder transitional carcinoma with adenocarcinoma areas].

Objective: The association of cystitis glandularis with primary bladder tumors is well known. A case of cystitis glandularis progressing to transitional cell carcinoma is described and the literature briefly reviewed.

Methods/results: We report on a case of diffuse cystitis glandularis in whom progression to transitional cell carcinoma with areas of adenocarcinoma had been discovered.

[Submucous urethral angioma].

Objectives: Urethral hemangioma is a rare benign vascular tumor. The clinical features of this tumor type and the therapeutic options are discussed.

Methods/results: We report on a 55-year-old male with urethral hemangioma who consulted for urethral hemorrhage.

[Bladder compression caused by hip prosthesis displacement].

Case report of one patient with extrinsic vesical compression secondary to a displaced hip prosthesis. Interesting case due to increasing hip prosthesis surgery over the last few years involving, although not frequently, ureteral and vesical injuries of varying consideration which require early diagnosis and management.

[Carcinoma of Bellini's collecting ducts].

Description of one case of carcinoma of Bellini's ducts, a very uncommon renal neoplasia. The existing literature is reviewed, commenting on its clinical manifestations, etiology, diagnostic methodology and therapeutical manoeuvres.

[Vesico-umbilical fistula. Occurrence in an adult].

Vesicoumbilical fistula in the adult male basically results from repermeability of the urachus obliterated by an uncompensated vesicoprostatic obstruction. The passage of urine through the umbilicus is practically pathognomonic and the definitive diagnosis is made by IVP and cystourethrography. It is a relatively benign pathology with a good prognosis following surgical treatment.

[Bladder endometriosis simulating a bladder tumor].

Endometriosis is relatively frequent in females of menstrual age and consists in the appearance of active endometrial tissue at sites other than the uterine cavity (genital system or adjacent organs). Endometrial tissue has been described to colonize the urinary system, particularly the urinary bladder. The most common clinical features of vesical endometriosis are urgency and frequency, hypogastric pain and hematuria.

[Rupture of the corpora cavernosa. Evaluation of 5 cases].

Five cases of fracture of penis with a mean follow-up of 52 months are described. Four underwent early surgical treatment and one was treated conservatively. This latter case developed penile curvature from fibrosis.

[Calcification of a double-J ureteral catheter].

Two cases of stone formation on double J ureteral catheter are described. Resolution was achieved by ESWL in one and by simple endoscopic removal in the other case with calcification in the distal J. The appearance of calcareous encrustation is frequent and depends on various factors especially the length of time the catheter is left indwelling, urinary stasis and infection.

[New therapeutic alternative for complex renal lithiasis].

The combination of percutaneous nephrolitotomy and renal extracorporeal litothricy, is currently considered to be the best choice for the treatment of complex renal lithiasis. This procedure, however, quite frequently needs the use of adjuvant maneouvers (urethroscopy, catheterization, large number of sessions, etc.), and there is a considerable proportion of residual lithiasis.

Local hyperthermia in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Assessment of 100 patients.

This study includes our first 100 patients who received local prostatic hyperthermia treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Subjective symptoms such as nycturia, stream, urgency, and objective facts like urine flow and postmicturition residue were monitored before treatment and 3 months after. The clinical (subjective) symptoms improved in 76 patients.

[Technical modification in the surgical treatment of curvature of the penis].

Congenital curvature of the penis without hypospadias is not an uncommon condition whose treatment is by surgery. We report on 10 cases with congenital penile curvature submitted to the Nesbit procedure using our modified approach, which has achieved good results.

[Early calculogenesis caused by ureolytic infection of the double-J ureteral catheter].

Stone formation in the double J ureteral catheter is an uncommon complication that generally appears in patients that are predisposed to stone formation and persistent infection of the urinary tract. We report on a 29-year-old female patient in whom stone formation was observed in both ends of the catheter, less than 3 months after it had been placed. Urine culture was positive for P.