Unilateral Virginal Breast Hypertrophy: A Report of a Rare Condition With an Unknown Etiology.

Unilateral virginal hypertrophy of the breast is a rare condition with an unknown etiology, though it is thought to result from hypersensitivity of the end organs to normal levels of gonadal hormones. We present the case of a 17-year-old girl who initially showed gradual growth after thelarche; however, in the last three to four months, there was a rapid increase in size, leading to psychological and physical problems that also impacted her social life. A clinical examination revealed that her left breast was markedly enlarged compared to the right, and she exhibited a drooping posture.

Age-stratified Assessment of Brain Volumetric Segmentation on the Indian Population Using Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Background And Purpose: Automated methods for quantifying brain tissue volumes have gained clinical interest for their objective assessment of neurological diseases. This study aimed to establish reference curves for brain volumes and fractions in the Indian population using Synthetic MRI (SyMRI), a quantitative imaging technique providing multiple contrast-weighted images through fast postprocessing.

Methods: The study included a cohort of 314 healthy individuals aged 15-65 years from multiple hospitals/centers across India.

Analysing the Insights and Assessing the Impact of a Digital Mammography and Tomosynthesis Based 2-year Long Prospective Breast Screening Programme Organised in Western India.

Background: While the past decades have seen a rise in the number of cases diagnosed with cancer, breast cancer in particular has become the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women over the past decade. The figures for associated mortality are on a decline in most Western and developed nations, but in contrast they continue to remain high in transitional nations like India.

Materials And Methods: After receiving approval by IEC and IRB, we set-up a prospective 2-year long screening programme combined with outreach camps to ensure representation of the larger population and include urban, rural and tribal population.

Correlation Between CT Severity Scoring and Diabetes Mellitus in Patients With COVID-19 Infection.

Background and objective Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), was first identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Since then, It has spread across multiple countries and was declared a pandemic by WHO in March 2020. Patients with underlying diabetes mellitus (DM) are deemed at-risk for developing severe COVID-19 infection.

Case of Colloid Nodular Goitre in a Rare Submandibular Location.

Ectopic thyroid gland occurs due to aberrant descent of primitive thyroid gland to the final pre-tracheal position and failure of fusion of thyroid anlages. Submandibular ectopic thyroid is a rare thyroid anomaly that can present with or without an orthotopic thyroid gland. We present a case of a young female with hypothyroidism and left submandibular swelling demonstrated to be an ectopic thyroid with the colloid nodular goitre on imaging and cytology.

Efficacy of high-resolution, 3-D diffusion-weighted imaging in the detection of breast cancer compared to dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.

Purpose: To evaluate the utility of high-resolution, 3-D diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the detection of breast cancer and to compare the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curves of DWI and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI).

Material And Method: Prospective IEC approved study included 131 breast lesions detected on mammography and breast ultrasound. Cases underwent MRI on a 3 Tesla scanner using a dedicated breast coil.

Heterotaxy Syndrome: Discordant Growth.

Heterotaxy syndrome implies a discordance between placement of thoracic organs with respect to abdominal organs. A large number of these have associated congenital heart defects. This syndrome is unique as every patient is different and can have any permutation and combination of symptoms.

Effectivity of combined diffusion-weighted imaging and contrast-enhanced MRI in malignant and benign breast lesions.

Purpose: Mammography is the most commonly used diagnostic test for breast lesion detection and evaluation, but in dense breast parenchyma it lowers its sensitivity to detect small lesions. Sensitivity and specificity improves with combined use of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in differentiating benign and malignant breast lesions. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectivity of combined dynamic CE-MRI and DWI in differentiating benign and malignant lesions, and to calculate the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of malignant and benign lesions of the breast.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Mixed Mullerian Tumour: Report of Two Cases.

Malignant Mixed Mullerian Tumours (MMMTs) or carcinosarcomas of uterus are rare aggressive tumours of mesenchymal origin. It is associated with high incidence of lymphatic, pulmonary and peritoneal metastasis. We hereby present two cases of mixed mullerian tumour.

Imaging Findings in Dysgerminoma in a Case of 46 XY, Complete Gonadal Dysgenesis (Swyer syndrome).

A 46 XY pure gonadal dysgenesis also known as Swyer syndrome. These patients are phenotypic females with normal female external genitalia and absent testicular tissue. The patients with swyer syndrome have streak gonads and increased risk of dysgerminoma and gonadoblastoma.

Intramedullary chondrosarcoma of proximal humerus.

Primary chondrosarcoma is the third most frequent primary malignancy of bone after myeloma and osteosarcoma. It is ranging from slow growing nonmetastasising lesions to highly aggressive lesions. We report a case of primary intramedullary chondrosarcoma of proximal humerus.