A Fluorescent Carbon Nanoparticle for Photodynamic Cell Therapy via Rapid Non-Endocytic Uptake.

Although photodynamic therapy is a promising approach for cancer treatment, it has limited clinical application due to the poor performance of conventional photosensitizers. In this study, we present a carbon nanoparticle-based photosensitizer for efficient photodynamic cell therapy. The nanoparticles have been synthesized from a steel industry-based waste material, exhibiting strong fluorescence in the visible region, rapidly entering the cell via non-endocytic uptake, and localizing within the mitochondria.

Synthesis of an industrial by-product-based polymeric additive for use with non-coking coal in metallurgical coke making and a combined density functional theory assessment of its molecular mechanism in fluidity development.

Recently, the utilization of inferior grade coal for the production of fuel-based materials, i.e., metallurgical coke, is an exciting research area in the industrial sector because of the limited reserves of prime coking coal worldwide.