Plasma and Urinary Amino Acid Profile in Children with Infantile Tremor Syndrome.

Background: Infantile Tremor Syndrome (ITS) is a disorder of infancy, and characterized by developmental delay and/or regression, pallor, skin hyperpigmentation and hypopigmented hair. It is commonly seen in infants in whom exclusive breastfeeding is given inappropriately for longer durations than recommended. ITS is predominantly reported from the Indian subcontinent and in children from a lower socioeconomic background.

Management Strategies of Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome: A Review.

Melkerrson-Rosenthal syndrome is a rare disorder of unknown aetiology and characterized by the triad of oro-facial edema, facial nerve palsy, and furrowing of the tongue. Two or more of the above are essential for making a clinical diagnosis. The mainstay of treatment is corticosteroids.

A Child with Tuberculous Meningitis Complicated by Cortical Venous and Cerebral Sino-Venous Thrombosis.

Stroke is common in tuberculous meningitis. Stroke commonly affects the tubercular zone, comprising the anterior part of the thalamus, caudate and the internal capsule (anterior limb and genu). Stroke, in tuberculous meningitis is predominantly arterial ischemic stroke, and is due to infiltrative, proliferative or necrotizing arteritis.

Pyogenic Meningitis Complicated with Extensive Central Nervous System Vasculitis and Moyamoya Vasculopathy.

Meningitis is an uncommon complications of head trauma. Vasculitis in bacterial meningitis is seen in 9%-25% of adults. Neurological deficits in bacterial meningitis are seen in about one-third of children.

Infantile Tuberculous Meningitis Complicated by West Syndrome.

Tuberculous meningitis rarely causes refractory epilepsy and is a rare cause of West syndrome. We describe three infants, who had tuberculous meningitis complicated by stroke and paradoxical tuberculoma, and, who later developed West syndrome.

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms in a child on multiple antiepileptics.

Goswami JN, Vaidya PC, Saini AG, De D, Radotra BD, Singhi PD. Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms in a child on multiple antiepileptics. Turk J Pediatr 2017; 59: 197-199.

Salmonella typhimurium Meningitis in an Infant Presenting with Recurrent Meningitis.

Salmonella typhimurium meningitis in infancy is very uncommon and does not respond to usual duration of empirical antibiotic therapy. A 5-mo-old infant presented with clinical picture of acute pyogenic meningitis and was treated with empirical antibiotic therapy for 14 d. But, 2 wk after the discharge, the child presented again with similar complaints.

An Indian Family with Tyrosine Hydroxylase Deficiency.

Background: Tyrosine Hydroxylase deficiency is a rare neurotransmitter disorder.

Case Characteristics: An Indian family with the disorder.

Observations: Phenotypic variation, elevated serum prolactin, genetic confirmation, and partial treatment-responsiveness.

Multiple Intracranial Aneurysms in HIV Infection.

Neurological findings in HIV are common and include cognitive impairment, microcephaly, nonspecific white matter lesions and seizures. Cerebral vasculopathy and stroke are uncommon and may be due to primary HIV vasculopathy or opportunistic infections such as tuberculosis and cryptococcal meningitis. The authors describe a 7-y-old boy who presented with severe headache and was detected to have aneurysmal bleed due to intracranial aneurysm.

Large Artery Stroke in a Child With Hypoparathyroidism.

The association of hypoparathyroidism and ischemic stroke is rare in childhood. We report an interesting case of an 11-year-old girl diagnosed to have hypoparathyroidism and presented with an acute-onset right hemiparesis. Investigations revealed large artery ischemic stroke and uncontrolled hypoparathyroidism.

2D-PAGE analysis of Taenia solium metacestode 10-30 kDa antigens for the serodiagnosis of neurocysticercosis in children.

Neurocysticercosis (NCC) caused by T. solium metacestode is an increasingly important health issue in Indian children. The sensitivity and specificity of available serological techniques were low in case of single cysticercus granuloma cases which is a more common feature in Indian patients who are children.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in North Indian children: clinical profile and follow-up.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in children is not uncommon in developing countries, yet there is little systematic documentation of its clinical profile and follow-up. We studied the clinical and neuroradiologic features of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in 52 consecutive children. Clinical details, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, and the results of other investigations were recorded, and children were followed up from 6 to 48 months.

Predictive value of electroencephalography and computed tomography in childhood non-traumatic coma.

Objectives: To study value of electroencephalogram (EEG) and computed tomography (CT Scan) in predicting outcome of non-traumatic coma in children.

Methods: 100 consecutive children, between 2 months to 12 years, with non-traumatic coma, (Glasgow Coma Scale score < 8). Demographic and clinical data was recorded at admission.

Non traumatic coma.

Objective: To study the etiology and clinical profile of non-traumatic coma in children and to determine the clinical signs predictive of outcome.

Methods: 100 consecutive cases of non-traumatic coma between 2 months to 12 years. Clinical signs studied were temperature, pulse, heart rate, blood pressure, coma severity by Glasgow coma scale (GCS), respiratory pattern, pupillary and corneal reflex, extra ocular movements, motor patterns, seizure types and fundus picture.

Primary multiple intracerebral echinococcosis in a young child.

Primary multiple intracerebral echinococcosis is a very rare disorder particularly in children. In this case report we discuss the details of clinical presentation and management in a young child. We also highlight for the first time non-iatrogenic 'water lily' appearance of the lesion on computed tomography of the head.

Self induced photosensitive epilepsy.

The authors report a case of a 12-year-old girl who had rare self induced photosensitive epilepsy. She used to move her right hand over the right eye while simultaneously rubbing the forehead since the age of 8. During these episodes she was lost in herself.