A comparison of branched DNA and reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction methodologies for quantitation of lipid nanoparticle encapsulated mRNA.

Messenger RNA (mRNA)-based therapeutics have emerged as a promising modality for various clinical applications, necessitating robust methods for mRNA quantification. This biodistribution study compares the performance of branched DNA and reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assays for measuring lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated mRNA. Following intravenous administration of nascent peptide imaging luciferase mRNA (1 mg/kg) to rats, mRNA levels in various tissues and serum were quantified using both assays.

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Gwalior region of Central India: A comparative study using NCEP ATP III, IDF and Harmonized criteria.

Background: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of Metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the people of Gwalior. Three criteria viz., National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) criteria, International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria and Harmonized criteria for MetS were employed to assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in this region, their concordance with respect to this population was recorded.

Chitosan encapsulated nanocurcumin induces GLUT-4 translocation and exhibits enhanced anti-hyperglycemic function.

Aim: The present study was undertaken to develop a Curcumin nanoparticle system with chitosan as a hydrophilic carrier. In addition, the anti-diabetic potential of curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles were assessed in comparison to those of free curcumin by examining the anti-hyperglycemic efficacy using in vitro assays.

Methods: Curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared and characterized for particle size by transmission electron microscopy, FT-IR, differential scanning calorimetry and therapeutic effects of curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles were evaluated by measuring the level of GLUT-4 present at the plasma membrane in L6myc myotubes followed by western blotting.

Bougainvillea spectabilis Exhibits Antihyperglycemic and Antioxidant Activities in Experimental Diabetes.

The study investigates the effects of aqueous extract of Bougainvillea spectabilis leaves on blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, lipid profile, oxidative stress, and on DNA damage, if any, as well as on liver and kidney functions in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in Wistar rats. Daily administration of the aqueous extract of B spectabilis leaves for 28 days resulted in significant reduction in hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia as evident from restoration of relevant biochemical markers following extract administration. The extract also exhibited significant antioxidant activity as evidenced from the enzymatic and nonenzymatic responses and DNA damage markers.

Does reversible cysteine oxidation link the Western diet to cardiac dysfunction?

Using a novel cysteine thiol labeling strategy coupled with mass spectrometric analysis, we identified and quantified the changes in global reversible cysteine oxidation of proteins in the left ventricle of hearts from mice with metabolic syndrome-associated diastolic dysfunction. This phenotype was induced by feeding a high-fat, high-sucrose, type-2 diabetogenic diet to C57BL/6J mice for 8 mo. The extent of reversible thiol oxidation in relationship to the total available (free and reducible) level of each cysteine could be confidently determined for 173 proteins, of which 98 contained cysteines differentially modified ≥1.

Combined administration of testosterone plus an ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor as a selective prostate-sparing anabolic therapy.

Because of its anabolic effects on muscle, testosterone is being explored as a function-promoting anabolic therapy for functional limitations associated with aging; however, concerns about testosterone's adverse effects on prostate have inspired efforts to develop strategies that selectively increase muscle mass while sparing the prostate. Testosterone's promyogenic effects are mediated through upregulation of follistatin. We show here that the administration of recombinant follistatin (rFst) increased muscle mass in mice, but had no effect on prostate mass.

Effects of dihydrotestosterone on differentiation and proliferation of human mesenchymal stem cells and preadipocytes.

Unlabelled: The mechanisms by which androgens regulate fat mass are poorly understood. Although testosterone has been reported to increase lipolysis and inhibit lipid uptake, androgen effects on proliferation and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and preadipocytes have not been studied. Here, we investigated whether dihydrotestosterone (DHT) regulates proliferation, differentiation, or functional maturation of hMSCs and human preadipocytes from different fat depots.