A Prospective Study on Lactate Dehydrogenase Levels in Acute Intestinal Obstruction as a Marker of Bowel Gangrene.

Background Intestinal obstruction continues to be one of the most common causes of emergencies presenting to the surgical department. A thorough clinical examination along with relevant investigations continue to be best modality for timely management and prompt decision-making in such cases. Objectives The aim of this study was to identify patients of intestinal obstruction with elevated levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and correlate elevated LDH levels with bowel viability.

Apoptosis in angiotensin II-stimulated hypertrophic cardiac cells -modulation by phenolics rich extract of Boerhavia diffusa L.

Herein, we investigated the effects of B. diffusa (BDE), a well-known cardiotonic edible medicinal plant against apoptosis in Angiotensin II (Ang II)-stimulated hypertrophic cardiac cells (H9c2). The cells were analyzed for viability, markers of hypertrophy, apoptosis, and the expression of various proteins related to apoptosis.

Selenium incorporated guar gum nanoparticles safeguard mitochondrial bioenergetics during ischemia reperfusion injury in H9c2 cardiac cells.

The application of nanotechnology has created high impact in diagnosis and prognosis of various disorders including cardiovascular diseases. In the present study, we investigated the beneficial effect of selenium incorporated guar gum nanoparticles (SGG) compared to nascent selenium (Se) and guar gum nanoparticles (GGN) against ischemiareperfusion (IR) induced alterations in oxidative phosphorylation and energy metabolism in H9c2 cardiac cells. Ischemia and reperfusion were induced for 1h.

Attenuation of arsenic trioxide induced cardiotoxicity through flaxseed oil in experimental rats.

Objectives: Arsenic trioxide (AsO) is a potent drug for acute promyelocytic leukaemia, but its clinical trials are allied with some serious adverse events mainly cardiac functional abnormalities. So the objective of our investigation is to identify the cardioprotective action of flaxseed oil (FSO), a natural compound against AsO induced cardiotoxicity.

Methods: Male wistar rats were treated with AsO (4 mg/kg) to induce cardiotoxicity.

Polyphenol rich ethanolic extract from Boerhavia diffusa L. mitigates angiotensin II induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in rats.

Boerhavia diffusa is a renowned edible medicinal plant extensively used against different ailments including heart diseases in the traditional system of medicine in several countries. The present study aims to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of ethanolic extract of Boerhavia diffusa (BDE) on cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis induced by angiotensin II (Ang II) in male wistar rats and to identify the active components present in it. A substantial increase of hypertrophy markers such as cardiac mass index, concentration of ANP and BNP, cardiac injury markers like CK-MB, LDH and SGOT, has been observed in hypertrophied groups whereas BDE treatment attenuated these changes when compared to hypertrophied rats.

Fructose induces mitochondrial dysfunction and triggers apoptosis in skeletal muscle cells by provoking oxidative stress.

Mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle has been implicated in the development of insulin resistance, a major characteristic of type 2 diabetes. There is evidence that oxidative stress results from the increased production of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, tissue damage, insulin resistance, and other complications observed in type 2 diabetes. It has been suggested that intake of high fructose contributes to insulin resistance and other metabolic disturbances.

Protective effect of Boerhaavia diffusa L. against mitochondrial dysfunction in angiotensin II induced hypertrophy in H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells.

Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the development of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. So mitochondria are emerging as one of the important druggable targets in the management of cardiac hypertrophy and other associated complications. In the present study, effects of ethanolic extract of Boerhaavia diffusa (BDE), a green leafy vegetable against mitochondrial dysfunction in angiotensin II (Ang II) induced hypertrophy in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts was evaluated.

Parmotrema tinctorum exhibits antioxidant, antiglycation and inhibitory activities against aldose reductase and carbohydrate digestive enzymes: an in vitro study.

This study evaluated the inhibitory potential of ethyl acetate extract of Parmotrema tinctorum (PTEE), an edible lichen, against aldose reductase (AR) and carbohydrate digestive enzymes such as α-glucosidase and α-amylase. It was also screened for antioxidant activities by using DPPH, ABTS, superoxide and hydroxyl radical-scavenging assays. PTEE exhibited α-glucosidase, α-amylase and AR inhibition along with significant antiglycation potential with an estimated IC50 value of 58.

Boerhaavia diffusa L. attenuates angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy in H9c2 cardiac myoblast cells via modulating oxidative stress and down-regulating NF-κβ and transforming growth factor β1.

The present study evaluated the antihypertrophic potential of the ethanolic extract of Boerhaavia diffusa (BDE), a well-known edible cardiotonic plant reported in Ayurveda against angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy in H9c2 cardiac myoblast cells. Markers of hypertrophy such as cell size, protein content and the concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) were analysed for the confirmation of hypertrophy induction. Angiotensin II (100 nM) caused an increase in cell volume (69·26 (SD 1·21)%),protein content (48·48 (SD 1·64)%), ANP (81·90 (SD 1·22)%) and BNP (108·57 (SD 1·47)%).

Arsenic trioxide toxicity in H9c2 myoblasts--damage to cell organelles and possible amelioration with Boerhavia diffusa.

Arsenic trioxide (ATO) has been long used as a chemotherapeutic agent because of its significant anticancer property. Unfortunately, the use of ATO is limited due to its cardiotoxic effects. The present study evaluates the protective property of ethanolic extract of Boerhavia diffusa (BDE) against ATO-induced toxicity on various cell organelles in H9c2 cardiomyocytes.

Desmodium gangeticum (Linn.) DC. exhibits antihypertrophic effect in isoproterenol-induced cardiomyoblasts via amelioration of oxidative stress and mitochondrial alterations.

Cardiac hypertrophy occurs in response to increased workload, such as hypertension or valvular heart disease. Oxidative stress has been implicated in cardiac hypertrophy and in its transition to heart failure. This study was taken up with the objective to evaluate the role of oxidative stress in cardiomyoblast hypertrophy and its modulation by Desmodium gangeticum (DG) that has been traditionally used in Ayurveda, an Indian system of medicine.

Antioxidant, antiglycation and inhibitory potential of Saraca ashoka flowers against the enzymes linked to type 2 diabetes and LDL oxidation.

Objective: The present study investigated the antioxidant, antiglycation and inhibitory potential of flavonoid fraction of Saraca ashoka flowers (SAF) against alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase (the enzymes linked to type 2 diabetes) and LDL oxidation.

Materials And Methods: Antioxidant capacity of SAF was evaluated by estimating total antioxidant activity (TAA) and its protective effects against the oxidative stress induced by H2O2 on C2C12 cells. Cytotoxicity by MTT assay and markers of oxidative stress: reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured.

In vitro antiperoxidative, free radical scavenging and xanthine oxidase inhibitory potentials of ethyl acetate fraction of Saraca ashoka flowers.

Saraca ashoka is a widely used medicinal herb claimed to cure many diseases. This study investigated the antiperoxidative, free radical scavenging and xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory potential of the ethyl acetate fraction of S. ashoka flowers (SAF) and compared it with standard compounds like gallic acid, ascorbic acid, butylated hydroxyl toluene and allopurinol.

In vitro antioxidant activities of the methanol extract and its different solvent fractions obtained from the fruit pericarp of Terminalia bellerica.

Terminalia bellerica has been used as a traditional medicine in a variety of ailments including anaemia, asthma, cancer, inflammation, rheumatism and hypertension. In this study, the free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities of methanol extract (ME) and its different solvent fractions (namely hexane (HE), ethyl acetate (EA), butanol (BL) and water (WA)) of the T. bellerica fruit pericarp were evaluated and compared with standard antioxidant compounds like gallic acid (GA), catechin and ascorbic acid.

Effect of sprouting on antioxidant and inhibitory potential of two varieties of Bengal gram (Cicer arietinum L.) against key enzymes linked to type-2 diabetes.

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease, and the current treatment for type 2 diabetes targets oxidative stress and postprandial hyperglycemia via the inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase, key enzymes linked to type 2 diabetes. In the present study, two varieties of sprouted and non-sprouted Bengal gram (white coated and brown coated) extracts were assayed for total phenolic content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, total antioxidative capability and the inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase activity. Sprouting increased the total phenolic content in both the varieties of Bengal gram and exhibited significant DPPH radical scavenging activity and antioxidant capability compared with that of non-sprouted Bengal gram.

In vitro antioxidant and inhibitory potential of Terminalia bellerica and Emblica officinalis fruits against LDL oxidation and key enzymes linked to type 2 diabetes.

The present study evaluated the free radical scavenging capacity and antioxidant potential of different solvent extracts (Hexane (HE), ethyl acetate (EA), methanol (ME), 70% methanol (MW) and Water (WA)) of Terminalia bellerica (TB) and Emblica officinalis (EB) fruits. Methanol extract (ME) of TB and EB fruits exhibited maximum scavenging activity against DPPH, superoxide, hydroxyl and nitric oxide radicals. Cell based antioxidant activity was assayed by flow cytometry using DCFH-DA as probe.

Cardioprotective effects of aqueous extract of Oxalis corniculata in experimental myocardial infarction.

The present study evaluated the protective potential of aqueous extract of Oxalis corniculata (OCE) against isoproterenol (ISO) induced myocardial infarction in rats. Myocardial infarction in rats was induced by isoproterenol (200 mg/kg) at an interval of 24 h for 2 days. OCE was given to rats as pretreatment for 30 days orally using an intragastric tube.

Evaluation of adverse cardiac effects induced by arsenic trioxide, a potent anti-APL drug.

Arsenic trioxide (ATO/As2O3) is a promising drug for patients with a relapse of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL); however, it frequently causes fatal arrhythmias. This study aims to investigate the various cellular and molecular mechanisms of adverse cardiac effects and the electrophysi-ological alterations caused by As2O3. We show the dose-dependent effect of ATO (0.

Modulation of haloperidol induced electrophysiological alterations on cardiac action potential by various risk factors and gender difference.

Haloperidol (HPL), well known antipsychotic drug can induce a marked QT prolongation and polymorphic arrhythmias. In this study we evaluated the influence of various induced risk factors such as electrolyte imbalance (hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia), gender difference, low pacing frequency, ischemia reperfusion insult on electrophysiological effect by haloperidol on electrically driven action potentials recorded from guinea pig papillary muscle. The doses of HPL ranging from 1 to 16 microM were used in this investigation.