Effect of oral tobacco use and smoking on outcomes of Crohn's disease in India.

Background And Aim: Smoking has been linked with adverse outcomes in Crohn's disease (CD); however, it is not known whether oral tobacco (OT) use affects disease outcomes in these patients. The study aimed to assess the association between smoking or OT and outcomes in CD.

Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on prospectively maintained records of CD patients from 2004 to 2016.