The extraction of DNA from okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) is challenging due to its high mucilage and polysaccharide content, which can hinder both the yield and quality of DNA. In this study, an improved DNA isolation method is described incorporating a key modification being the use of solution I (1 M NaCl and 2% Sarcosyl) as a pre-treatment before applying the CTAB buffer, resulting in high-purity genomic DNA in just 1 h and 45 min., making it suitable for handling large sample sizes due to its rapid processing capabilities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe present study reports the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in powder form using the leaf extract of Azadirachta indica. The synthesis of AgNPs was confirmed by UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, FESEM, and EDX. The synthesized AgNPs were in a powdered state and dispersed completely in 5% polyethylene glycol (PEG) and demonstrated prolonged shelf life and enhanced bioavailability over a year without any aggregation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrobial pathogens are known for causing great environmental stress, owing to which emerging challenges like lack of eco-friendly remediation measures, development of drug-resistant and mutational microbial strains, etc., warrants novel and green routes as a stepping stone to serve such concerns sustainably. In the present study, palladium (Pd) doped manganese (II, III) oxide (MnO) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using an aqueous Syzygium aromaticum bud (ASAB) extract.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this Letter, we demonstrate experimentally and verify numerically the excitation of Berreman modes that propagate in a dielectric film of uniaxial anisotropic nanoporous alumina grown on an aluminum substrate. It is an air-dielectric-metal asymmetric polaritonic system with a real part of the effective permittivity having a value near zero. The modes are excited at a wavelength lower than the epsilon-near-zero wavelength region.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Haemostasis is a critical component of ear surgeries, which can be achieved by topical methods including simple manual pressure with gauze or cotton balls soaked with adrenaline, administration of haemostatic agents or vasoconstrictive materials.
Objective: To compare efficacy of haemocoagulase and adrenaline in attaining middle ear haemostasis in type - 1 tympanoplasty with or without cortical mastoidectomy. To study the effect of haemocoagulase in middle ear.
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system allows biologists to edit genomic DNA of any cell in precise and specific way, entailing great potential for crop improvement, drug development and gene therapy. The system involves a nuclease (Cas9) and a designed guide RNA that are involved in wide range of applications such as genome modification, transcriptional modulation, genomic loci marking and RNA tracking. The limitation of the technique, in view of resistance of thymidine-rich genome to Cas9 cleavage, has now been overcome by the use of Cpf1 nuclease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSince the dawn of life there is a never ending strife between bacteria and phages. Both are perpetually changing their strategies to take over each other. CRISPR/Cas is the most widespread defense system used by bacteria against mobile genetic elements (MGEs) such as phages, cojugative palsmids, transoposons, and pathogenicity islands.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTitle: Secukinumab efficacy and safety in Indian patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: sub-analysis from FIXTURE (Full Year Investigative Examination of Secukinumab vs. Etanercept Using Two Dosing Regimens to Determine Efficacy in Psoriasis), a randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study.
Background: Evidence has suggested Interleukin (IL)-17A to be an important effector cytokine in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.
Objective: Mycobacterium leprae and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are causative agents known to be involved in nerve damage in leprosy and HIV-peripheral neuropathy (HIV-PN) respectively. Among other peripheral neuropathies the most common is diabetic neuropathy, which is metabolically induced. The proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ have been implicated in the pathogenesis of peripheral neuropathy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInternal physical structure can drastically modify the properties of waveguides: photonic crystal fibers are able to confine light inside a hollow air core by Bragg scattering from a periodic array of holes, while metamaterial loaded waveguides for microwaves can support propagation at frequencies well below cutoff. Anisotropic metamaterials assembled into cylindrically symmetric geometries constitute light-guiding structures that support new kinds of exotic modes. A microtube of anodized nanoporous alumina, with nanopores radially emanating from the inner wall to the outer surface, is a manifestation of such an anisotropic metamaterial optical fiber.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContext: The primary outcome is to remove the worry of getting immature oocytes with early administration of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).
Aim: The aim was to find out the association between the day of hCG administration and follicular response in relation to the number and maturity of oocytes, and fertilization rate in assisted reproduction to avoid weekend oocyte recovery (OR).
Settings And Design: Retrospective study was carried out in the university infertility clinic.
Background: Itolizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody to CD6, is a novel therapeutic agent evaluated in chronic plaque psoriasis.
Objective: We sought to assess the safety and efficacy of itolizumab in moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis.
Methods: A total of 225 patients were randomized (2:2:1) to 2 different itolizumab arms (A or B; A = 4-week loading dose of 0.
An isolate of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) retrieved from tomato in India was characterized based on its transmission by sap inoculations, Western blot immuno-assay and sequence analysis of RNA3 and 2b genome. The RNA3 genome was of 2,220 nucleotides (nt) which contained two ORFs: movement protein of 852 nt translating 283 amino acids and coat protein of 657 nt translating 218 amino acids. The complete sequence of RNA3 geneome (Acc.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of fixed drug combination (FDC) halometasone 0.05% and fusidic acid 2% (group A) vs FDC betamethasone 0.12% and neomycin sulfate 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCellulase production studies have been carried out using the fungal strain Trichoderma reesei NCIM 992 by using three different lignocellulosic materials by solid state fermentation (SSF). The effect of basic fermentation parameters (pH, temperature, moisture content, particle size of substrate and moistening agent) on enzyme production was studied. Maximum cellulase production was 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Topical steroids remain the mainstay of treatment in eczema, an inflammatory skin reaction characterized by pruritus, redness, scaling, and clustered oozing papulovesicles. Halometasone is a new potent corticosteroid approved in the Indian market for topical application in the treatment of dermatitis.
Aims: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of halometasone in the treatment of acute or chronic noninfected eczematous dermatosis in Indian population.
Purpose: Acute anterior uveitis (AAU) is the most common form of uveitis; however, while it is presumed to have an immunological basis, the precise underlying etiology remains elusive. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have a key role in linking innate and adaptive immunity, thereby forming a molecular bridge between microbial triggers and the development of AAU. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of TLR2 and TLR4 gene polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of AAU.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The increase in size of existing skin lesions and appearance of new skin lesions are considered important signs of clinical activity both in untreated and treated leprosy. To confirm such activity, the number and size of lesions need to be recorded methodically prior to therapy and on follow-up, especially in PB leprosy where clinical signs alone define the reactivation of the disease. However, no systematic follow-up studies are available on changes in size and number of skin lesions in PB leprosy before and after therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Begomoviruses have emerged as serious problem for vegetable and fiber crops in the recent past, frequently in tropical and subtropical region of the world. The association of begomovirus with eggplant yellow mosaic disease is hitherto unknown apart from one report from Thailand. A survey in Nagpur, Central India, in 2009-2010 showed severe incidence of eggplant yellow mosaic disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStudy Design: An open comparative study between WHO MDT and U-MDT regimen in all types of leprosy over 24 months of observation was carried out at Gandhi Hospital, Secunderabad, India. Periodic assessment of clinical and histopathological parameters at 6 monthly intervals was performed in both groups of patients for grading response to the treatment regimens.
Patients And Methods: One hundred and twenty-seven newly diagnosed, untreated leprosy patients classified into PB (< or = 5 skin lesions) and MB leprosy (> 5 skin lesions) were alternately allocated into Study (U-MDT for 6 months) and Control groups (WHO MDT) at entry.