Unmasking tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV-1 infection after antiretroviral therapy.

The exaggerated immune response to the subclinical opportunistic microorganisms or their antigens can be found in HIV-1 infected patients after receiving antiretroviral (ARV) therapy. We report a case of unmasking tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) in the HIV-1 infected patient who had no previous history of mycobacterial infection. She had tuberculosis of intestines, peritoneum and mesenteric glands within 2 months of ARV.

Evolution of hematological parameters in HIV-1-infected patients with and without thalassemia carriages during highly active antiretroviral therapy.

Objectives: To assess the effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on hematological parameters in HIV-1-infected patients with and without thalassemia carriages.

Methods: Prospective study was conducted in HIV-1-infected Thai patients receiving HAART. Their hematological parameters were measured at baseline and during follow-up of 1 year.