Update in Noninvasive Home Mechanical Ventilation: A Narrative Review of Indications, Outcomes, and Monitoring.

Hypercapnic respiratory failure arises due to an imbalance in the load-capacity-drive relationship of the respiratory muscle pump, typically arising in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obesity-related respiratory failure, and neuromuscular disease. Patients at risk of developing chronic respiratory failure and those with established disease should be referred to a specialist ventilation unit for evaluation and consideration of home noninvasive ventilation (NIV) initiation. Clinical trials demonstrate that, following careful patient selection, home NIV can improve a range of clinical, patient-reported, and physiological outcomes.

Pneumomediastinum in COVID-19: a phenotype of severe COVID-19 pneumonitis? The results of the United Kingdom (POETIC) survey.

Background: There is an emerging understanding that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with increased incidence of pneumomediastinum. We aimed to determine its incidence among patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in the United Kingdom and describe factors associated with outcome.

Methods: A structured survey of pneumomediastinum and its incidence was conducted from September 2020 to February 2021.

A retrospective cohort study of risk factors and outcomes in older patients admitted to an inner-city geriatric unit in London during first peak of COVID-19 pandemic.

Purpose: Compared to younger patients, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) clinical presentation in older people can be more heterogeneous and fatal. We aim to describe a cohort of older adults admitted in an inner-city London hospital during the first peak of the pandemic.

Methods: A retrospective observational study that enrolled older adults consecutively admitted into two geriatric wards with suspected or confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.

Recorded infection control messages delay inter-professional communication but are not associated with COVID-19 prevalence or mortality: insights from a national switchboard analysis.

Appropriate dissemination of information to the general public is a key component of the pandemic response. In 2018, recorded infection control advice messages were affixed to 30% of England's automated hospital switchboards during the seasonal influenza and norovirus outbreaks. As the majority of messages were mandatory for all callers, healthcare professionals using the hospital switchboard - including during time-critical emergencies - had their enquiries significantly delayed by these measures.

Peer-supported review of teaching: an evaluation.

Peer-supported review (also called peer observation) of teaching is a commonly implemented method of ascertaining teaching quality that supplements student feedback. A large variety of scheme formats with rather differing purposes are described in the literature. They range from purely formative, developmental formats that facilitate a tutor's reflection of their own teaching to reaffirm strengths and identify potential areas for development through to faculty- or institution-driven summative quality assurance-based schemes.