Publications by authors named "Prashant Jauhari"

Article Synopsis
  • Immune-mediated epilepsy (IME) is a significant type of epilepsy that doesn't respond to typical drugs, requiring quick diagnosis and treatment with immunosuppressants alongside antiseizure medications.
  • The study discusses three unrelated children who developed fever, brain dysfunction, and seizures, ultimately testing positive for specific rare antibodies that indicate an immune-related brain condition.
  • Imaging showed abnormal brain activity connected to autoimmune encephalitis, and while treatment led to varying levels of seizure control, some behavioral issues remained in all patients, highlighting that early immunosuppression doesn’t always ensure a complete recovery.
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Article Synopsis
  • This study aimed to compare levels of specific interleukins (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10) in children with different types of epilepsy: Epileptic encephalopathy with spike-wave activation in sleep (EE-SWAS), drug refractory epilepsy (DRE), and well-controlled epilepsy (WCE).
  • Researchers followed children with EE-SWAS who received a three-month steroid treatment alongside their ongoing seizure medications and evaluated their cognitive and behavioral responses.
  • Results showed that IL-6 and IL-8 levels were significantly higher in the EE-SWAS group compared to the others, and a decrease in IL-6 levels after one month was associated with better clinical outcomes at three months.
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Background: We sought to estimate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) in childhood tuberculous meningitis.

Methods: Hospital records of children (6 months to 14 years) with tuberculous meningitis were retrospectively analyzed from September 2019 through January 2022. In September 2019, the first case of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity in tuberculous meningitis was identified in our division.

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We aimed to investigate the potential role of biomarkers of transmethylation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) by comparing them with that of typically developing children (TDC) controls. We also tried to correlate them with severity of autism, sensory issues, behavioural comorbidities and developmental quotients 119 with ASD and 52 age and sex matched typically developing children (TDC) controls were enrolled excluding those with chronic-illness or on any antioxidant therapy/multivitamins/anti-epileptic drugs. Median levels of biomarkers - serum homocysteine, cysteine, methionine, urine uric acid-to-creatinine ratio, arterial lactate, serum vitamin E, vitamin B12, folate, Nε-carboxymethyllysine, Nω- carboxymethylarginine (CMA), dityrosine and MTHFR C677T polymorphism were calculated.

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Objectives: The study compared real-time motor cortex excitability using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-derived parameters between children with epileptic encephalopathy with spike-wave activation in sleep (EE-SWAS) and age-matched neurotypical controls. The EE-SWAS group received steroids as standard of care and were longitudinally followed for three months.

Materials & Methods: Children aged 5-12 years with immunotherapy-naive EE-SWAS (spike-wave-index≥50 %) and neurotypical controls were enrolled.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study aimed to compare sensory processing abilities of children with cerebral palsy (CP) with typically developing children (TDC), discovering significant differences in sensory skills between the two groups.
  • - A total of 150 children with CP and 50 TDC were analyzed using the Child Sensory Profile 2, revealing that 80.7% of the CP group exhibited probable sensory processing differences (SPD), compared to just 26% in TDC.
  • - Results indicated that proprioceptive and vestibular processing were the most impacted in children with CP, with many falling into the "bystander" pattern, showing poor awareness of sensory stimuli; no notable differences were found among CP subtypes.
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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the effectiveness of three verbal suggestion techniques during short-term video-electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings to induce psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) in children aged 5-18 years.
  • All three methods showed similar success rates in reproducing events, with verbal suggestion alone being as effective as methods using additional tools like a tuning fork or cotton swab.
  • The presence of psychiatric comorbidity was found to be a significant predictor for event reproduction, while the specific suggestion method used did not significantly impact clinical outcomes after 12 weeks.
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Background: Pathogenic variants in the NDUFV1 gene disrupt mitochondrial complex I, leading to neuroregression with leukoencephalopathy and basal ganglia involvement on neuroimaging. This study aims to provide a concise review on NDUFV1-related disorders while adding the largest cohort from a single center to the existing literature.

Methods: We retrospectively collected genetically proven cases of NDUFV1 pathogenic variants from our center over the last decade and explored reported instances in existing literature.

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A 3-year-old boy presented with acute headache, vomiting and right focal clonic seizures without history of fever, joint pain or altered sensorium. Neuroimaging showed multifocal contrast enhancing lesions with significant perilesional edema. CECT chest and abdomen showed multiple variable sized nodules in the lungs and hypodense lesion in liver with mesenteric lymphadenopathy.

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Introduction: The predominant reason for the discontinuation of low glycemic index therapy (LGIT) in children with epilepsy is the dietary restrictions imposed therein. This trial intended to compare the efficacy of daily and intermittent LGIT in children with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE).

Methods: This study was performed between February 2018 and January 2019 to compare the efficacy of daily and intermittent LGIT in children aged 1-15 years with DRE following 24 weeks of dietary therapy.

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Motor neuron diseases are a rare group of neurodegenerative disorders with considerable phenotypic heterogeneity and a multitude of etiologies in the pediatric population. In this study, we report 2 unrelated adolescents (a boy and a girl) who presented with 4-6 years of progressive difficulty in walking, thinning of limbs, and gradually progressive darkening of the skin. Examination revealed generalized hyperpigmentation of skin and features suggestive of motor neuron involvement such as tongue atrophy, wasting of distal extremities, and brisk deep tendon reflexes.

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Purpose: This study aimed to determine the proportion of EEG recordings yielding diagnostic findings leading to a change in diagnosis beyond a 20-minute recording window, striking a balance between diagnostic yield and clinical practicability.

Methods: At a tertiary care teaching hospital in North India, 225 subjects aged 1 month to 18 years undergoing outpatient EEG were enrolled. Patients with epileptic encephalopathies, nonepileptic phenomena, and breakthrough seizures in the last 24 hours were excluded.

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Background: The current study estimated incident breakthrough seizures, serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters in five- to 18-year-olds with neurocysticercosis (NCC) from colloidal or vesicular through calcified stages over at least 24 months' follow-up.

Methods: Single, colloidal, or vesicular parenchymal NCC cases were treated with albendazole and steroids and followed at a tertiary care north Indian hospital. Serum MMP-9 was estimated in colloidal or vesicular treatment-naive state and in a subset of calcified cases at six-month follow-up.

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