Nerve Regeneration Using Compartmentalized System in CIPN Model.

The analysis of nerve regeneration in the chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) model can be achieved using the compartmentalized culture system. This system enables us to isolate the cell body from the axon physically and fluidically, therefore allowing for the independent manipulation of the cell body and axons. Compartmentalized chambers mimic the human body conditions, and can be used to study axonal degeneration, disease modeling, and drug screening.

Phytic Acid Maintains Peripheral Neuron Integrity and Enhances Survivability against Platinum-Induced Degeneration via Reducing Reactive Oxygen Species and Enhancing Mitochondrial Membrane Potential.

Phytic acid (PA) has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that are critical for neuroprotection in neuronal disorders. This raises the question of whether PA can effectively protect sensory neurons against chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Peripheral neuropathy is a dose-limiting side effect of chemotherapy treatment often characterized by severe and abnormal pain in hands and feet resulting from peripheral nerve degeneration.

Mitochondrial trafficking as a protective mechanism against chemotherapy drug-induced peripheral neuropathy: Identifying the key site of action.

Aims: Chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common side effect seen in patients who have undergone most chemotherapy treatments to which there are currently no treatment methods. CIPN has been shown to cause axonal degeneration leading to Peripheral Neuropathy (PN), which can lead to major dosage reduction and may prevent further chemotherapy treatment due to oftentimes debilitating pain. Previously, we have determined the site-specific action of Paclitaxel (PTX), a microtubule targeting agent, as well as the neuroprotective effect of Fluocinolone Acetonide (FA) against Paclitaxel Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (PIPN).

Surgical treatment of spondylodiscitis.

Introduction: Spinal infection poses a demanding diagnostic and treatment problem for which a multidisciplinary approach with spine surgeons, radiologists, and infectious disease specialists is required. Infections are usually caused by bacterial microorganisms, although fungal infections can also occur. Most patients with spinal infections diagnosed in the early stages can be successfully managed conservatively with antibiotics, bed rest, and spinal braces.

A review on current brain organoid technologies from a biomedical engineering perspective.

Brain organoids are 3D cytoarchitectures resembling the embryonic human brain. This review focuses on current advancements in biomedical engineering methods to develop organoids such as pluripotent stem cells assemblies, quickly aggregated floating culture, hydrogel suspension, microfluidic systems (both photolithography and 3D printing), and brain organoids-on-a-chip. These methods have the potential to create a large impact on neurological disorder studies by creating a model of the human brain investigating pathogenesis and drug screening for individual patients.

Ultrasonography guided erector spinae block in spinal surgery for pain management with enhanced recovery: A comparative study.

Background: Improved and efficient management of pain can certainly aid enhanced recovery after spinal surgery. Our aim is to evaluate the effect of ESPB in thoracic and lumbar surgeries where we have evaluated VAS for pain, cumulative analgesics consumptions, length of hospital stay and post-operative complications.

Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study done in HAMS among the erector spinae block group and control group.

Prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and multidrug resistance of methicillin-resistant isolated from clinical samples at a tertiary care teaching hospital: an observational, cross-sectional study from the Himalayan country, Nepal.

Objective: We sought to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) isolated from the clinical samples at a tertiary care hospital in Nepal.

Methods: Cross-sectional, observational study design.

Study Setting: The study was carried out at a tertiary care facility, the largest public hospital, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH), Nepal.

Ability of Visual Analogue Scale to predict Oswestry Disability Index improvement and surgical treatment decision in patients with adult spinal deformity.

Introduction: The effect of pain on HRQoL scores in ASD patients is not well studied. Disability is a major factor on decision and outcomes. On the other hand, little is known about the effect of perceived and reported pain on these parameters, especially in the elderly population.

Primary spinal Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma presenting as impending cauda equina syndrome: A case report.

Introduction: Malignant lymphoma (ML) can involve the central nervous system either primarily or by secondary spread, which tends to occur late in the disease as part of widespread dissemination. Lymphoma presenting as primary tumors of the spinal cord is extremely uncommon. Primary spinal lymphoma if detected early can have a good prognosis with no relapse after effective treatment.

Lipofibromatous hamartoma of sciatic nerve: A case report.

Introduction: Lipofibromatous hamartoma of the nerve is the fibro-fatty overgrowth within the nerve. Most commonly they occur in the median nerve, ulnar nerves, and a few other nerves but the involvement of the sciatic nerve is very rare. The fibro-fatty infiltration causes palpable neurogenic mass and clinically presents lump, moderate numbness, tingling sensation, and pain in its territory.

The Effect of Discharging Patients with Low Hemoglobin Levels on Hospital Readmission and Quality of Life after Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort.

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the impact of anemia on functional outcomes, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and early hospital readmission (EHR) rates after adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery at the time of discharge from the hospital.

Overview Of Literature: Concerns with risks of transfusion, insufficient evidence for its benefits, and the possibility of associated adverse outcomes have led to restrictive transfusion practices.

Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome: Rare Precedented Reason of Postoperative Plegia After Spinal Deformity Surgery: Report of 2 Cases.

Background: Complications in spinal deformity surgery vary from insignificant to severe. Apart from direct mechanical insult, ischemia can also cause spinal cord injury. Ischemic injury may be detected during surgery or may manifest itself postoperatively.

Does the Application of Topical Intrawound Vancomycin Powder Affect Deep Surgical Site Infection and the Responsible Organisms after Spinal Surgery?: A Retrospective Case Series with a Historical Control Group.

Study Design: Retrospective case series with a historical control group.

Purpose: To compare the deep wound infection rates in patients undergoing spinal surgery with the application of topical intrawound vancomycin powder (TIVP) in the surgical site in addition to standard systemic prophylaxis with those in a matched historical cohort of patients for whom TIVP was not used.

Overview Of Literature: Surgical site infection (SSI) after spine surgery is debilitating and is responsible for a significant increase in the health care costs, hospital stay, and morbidities.

The Influence of Diagnosis, Age, and Gender on Surgical Outcomes in Patients With Adult Spinal Deformity.

Study Design: Retrospective review of prospectively collected data from a multicentric database.

Objectives: To determine the clinical impact of diagnosis, age, and gender on treatment outcomes in surgically treated adult spinal deformity (ASD) patients.

Methods: A total of 199 surgical patients with a minimum follow-up of 1 year were included and analyzed for baseline characteristics.

Cryo-Compression Therapy After Elective Spinal Surgery for Pain Management: A Cross-Sectional Study With Historical Control.

Objective: Postoperative dynamic cryo-compression (DC) therapy has been proposed as a method of reducing pain and the inflammatory response in the early postoperative period after orthopedic joint reconstruction surgery. Our aim was to analyze the analgesic efficacy of DC therapy after adult lumbar spinal surgery.

Methods: DC was applied for 30 minutes every 6 hours after surgery.