Generally, a person's life span depends on their food consumption because it may cause deadly diseases like colorectal cancer (CRC). In 2020, colorectal cancer accounted for one million fatalities globally, representing 10% of all cancer casualties. 76,679 males and 78,213 females over the age of 59 from ten states in the United States participated in this analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: To assess the precision of dose calculations for Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) using megavoltage (MV) photon beams, we validated the accuracy of two algorithms: AUROS XB and Analytical Anisotropic Algorithm (AAA). This validation will encompass both flattening filter (FF) and flattening filter-free beam (FFF) modes, using AAPM Medical Physics Practice Guideline (MPPG 5b).
Materials And Methods: VMAT validation tests were generated for 6 MV FF and 6 MV FFF beams using the AAA and AXB algorithms in the Eclipse V.
Research has shown that controlling worker exposure to engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) helps to reduce the exposure risk to employees in workplaces. This study aimed to identify the available evidence on the effectiveness of various control methods used in the workplace to reduce worker exposure to ENMs. The search was conducted in databases-Medline, OVID, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Cochrane and the gray literature published from January 2010 to December 2022.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Accurate identification of inflammatory cells from mucosal histopathology images is important in diagnosing ulcerative colitis. The identification of eosinophils in the colonic mucosa has been associated with disease course. Cell counting is not only time-consuming but can also be subjective to human biases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: Dose calculation accuracy between Anisotropic Analytical Algorithm (AAA) and Acuros XB (AXB) for various megavoltage (MV) photon beams for both flattening filter (FF) and flattening filter free (FFF) beams and to validate the accuracy of these dose calculations using inhomogeneous phantom in volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT).
Material And Methods: A Cheese Phantom having 20 holes that can be filled with all virtual water plugs or set of density calibration plugs was used for VMAT planning using two different algorithms using either single or double arc. Further phantom was used irradiate plan in linear accelerator and the point doses measured using a 0.
Recent studies of elastocapillary phenomena have triggered interest in a basic variant of the classical Young-Laplace-Dupré (YLD) problem: the capillary interaction between a liquid drop and a thin solid sheet of low bending stiffness. Here we consider a two-dimensional model where the sheet is subjected to an external tensile load and the drop is characterized by a well-defined Young's contact angle θ_{Y}. Using a combination of numerical, variational, and asymptotic techniques, we discuss wetting as a function of the applied tension.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The literature on modern-era outcomes of oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma (OPSCC) in India is limited.
Materials And Methods: We analyzed records of consecutive patients with OPSCC treated using a curative SIB IMRT regimen of 66 Gy/30#/6 weeks.
Results: One hundred fifteen patients from July 2011 to December 2018 were analyzed.
Provide an overview of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, its definitions, and their shortcomings. Explore the areas where machine learning may be used to further our understanding of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe solution of complex problems by the collective action of simple agents in both biologically evolved and synthetically engineered systems involves cooperative action. Understanding the resulting emergent solutions requires integrating across the organismal behavior of many individuals. Here, we investigate an ecologically relevant collective task in black carpenter ants : excavation of a soft, erodible confining corral.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvid Based Complement Alternat Med
March 2022
Aldose reductase (ALR2) activation in the polyol pathway has been implicated as the primary mechanism for the progression of diabetic retinopathy. Most of the aldose reductase inhibitors (ARIs), used for the treatment of diabetic complications, were withdrawn due to ineffective treatment and adverse side effects caused by nonspecificity. Epalrestat, a carboxylic acid inhibitor, is the only ARI used for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy, though associated with minor side effects to 8% of the treated population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvid Based Complement Alternat Med
March 2022
This work elucidates the idea of finding probable critical genes linked to breast adenocarcinoma. In this study, the GEO database gene expression profile data set (GSE70951) was retrieved to look for genes that were expressed variably across breast adenocarcinoma samples and healthy tissue samples. The genes were confirmed to be part of the PPI network for breast cancer pathogenesis and prognosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Purpose: Parotid sparing adaptive radiotherapy (PSART) is resource intensive to implement. Selection criteria for using ART and its impact on quality of life (QoL) is poorly reported. This has been addressed in our study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) is the standard curative treatment option for nonmetastatic anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) can reduce doses delivered to bowel and skin and reduce toxicities associated with conventional fields. Here, we present our institutional data on dosimetry, toxicity, and clinical outcomes with IMRT for anal cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: There is a paucity of long-term data on outcomes of high-risk prostatic adenocarcinoma after moderately hypofractionated radiotherapy with elective nodal treatment and long-term androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). We report long-term control and toxicity outcomes and analyse the predictors of failure and toxicity.
Materials And Methods: The records of 120 consecutive high-risk prostate cancer patients treated in a single institution between February 2012 and December 2016 were retrospectively analysed.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), initially originated in China in year 2019 and spread rapidly across the globe within 5 months, causing over 96 million cases of infection and over 2 million deaths. Huge efforts were undertaken to bring the COVID-19 vaccines in clinical development, so that it can be made available at the earliest, if found to be efficacious in the trials. We developed a candidate vaccine ZyCoV-D comprising of a DNA plasmid vector carrying the gene encoding the spike protein (S) of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: A COVID-19 lockdown in India posed significant challenges to the continuation of radiotherapy (RT) and systemic therapy services. Although several COVID-19 service guidelines have been promulgated, implementation data are yet unavailable. We performed a comprehensive audit of the implementation of services in a clinical oncology department.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe study the wetting of a thin elastic filament floating on a fluid surface by a droplet of another, immiscible fluid. This quasi-2D experimental system is the lower-dimensional counterpart of the wetting and wrapping of a droplet by an elastic sheet. The simplicity of this system allows us to study the phenomenology of partial wetting and wrapping of the droplet by measuring angles of contact as a function of the elasticity of the filament, the applied tension and the curvature of the droplet.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContext: Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is increasingly being used for early-stage lung cancer and lung oligometastases.
Aims: To report our experience of setting up lung SBRT and early clinical outcomes.
Settings And Design: This was a retrospective, interventional, cohort study.
It is of interest to design carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) inhibitors with improved features using molecular docking based virtual high through put screening of ligands. Coumarin (a cinnamon compound with pharmacological activity) is known as a potent phytal compound blocking tumor growth. Hence, a series of 17 coumarin derivatives were designed using the CHEMSKETCH software for docking analysis with CAIX.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: A prospective study was conducted to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of carotid-sparing intensity-modulated radiotherapy (CSIMRT) in early glottic cancers (EGC).
Materials And Methods: Eighteen patients underwent CSIMRT using helical tomotherapy to a dose of 55 Gy/20 fractions/4 weeks. Carotid intimal thickness (CIT) at prespecified carotid levels was measured using B-mode ultrasound at 6, 18 and 36 months.
Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol)
February 2020
Aims: Stereotactic radiation therapy has been investigated predominantly in patients with low-intermediate-risk disease. We conducted a clinical trial of stereotactic hypofractionated radiation therapy delivered in once-weekly fractions on patients with all-risk non-metastatic disease to test feasibility, acute toxicities and patient-reported outcomes.
Materials And Methods: In this phase I/II study, 30 patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma, any Gleason score, T1-4N0 and prostate-specific antigen ≤60 ng/ml were treated with volumetric intensity modulated arc radiation therapy to a dose of 35 Gy in five fractions delivered once weekly.
Human exposure to engineered nanoparticles has become inevitable in today's extensive commercial use and large-scale production of engineered nanoparticles. Even though several studies have characterised the exposure to nanomaterials during wakeful state (related to occupational exposures and exposures from commercially available particles), very few studies on human exposure during sleep exist. As the study of exposure to all possible nanomaterials during sleep is extensive, this study focuses on exposure to specifically silver nanoparticles which are present in beddings and mattresses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Radical radiotherapy (RT) with curative intent, with or without chemotherapy, is the standard treatment for inoperable, locally advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data for all 288 patients who presented with inoperable, locally advanced NSCLC at our institution, between May 2011 and December 2016.
Results: RT alone or sequential chemoradiotherapy (SCRT) or concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) was used for 213 patients.