Predicting the depth of insertion of central venous catheters using a bronchoscopy-based carinal measurement technique or the Peres' formula-based method in adults undergoing cardiac surgery: A randomised comparative double-blind study.

Background And Aims: Various methods are used to predict the depth of insertion of central venous catheters (CVCs). We evaluated a bronchoscopy-based carinal measurement technique to predict this depth.

Methods: We randomised adults undergoing cardiac surgery into a bronchoscopy group or the Peres' formula-based method group.

DON encapsulated carbon dot-vesicle conjugate in therapeutic intervention of lung adenocarcinoma by dual targeting of CD44 and SLC1A5.

Lung adenocarcinoma, recognized as one of the most formidable malignancies with a dismal prognosis and low survival rates, poses a significant challenge in its treatment. This article delineates the design and development of a carbon dot-vesicle conjugate (HACD-TMAV) for efficient cytotoxicity towards lung cancer cells by target selective delivery of the glutamine inhibitor 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON) within CD44-enriched A549 cancer cells. HACD-TMAV is composed of hyaluronic acid-based carbon dots (HACDs) and trimesic acid-based vesicles (TMAV), which are bound electrostatic interactions.

Inherently targeted estradiol-derived carbon dots for selective killing of ER (+) breast cancer cells oridonin-triggered p53 pathway activation.

One of the most prevalent cancers globally is breast cancer and approximately two thirds of the breast cancers are hormone receptor positive with estrogen receptors (ER) being a prominent target. Notably, p53 that controls several cellular functions and prevents tumor formation, gets suppressed in breast cancers. Reactivation of p53 can lead to cell cycle arrest as well as apoptosis.

Nanogel-Carbon Dot Conjugates: A Synergistic Approach for Enhanced Cancer Treatment through Combination Therapy.

The present study reports the development of a novel nanoconjugate, , comprising a positively charged self-assembled nanogel (NG) derived from a peptide amphiphilic hydrogelator and a negatively charged folic acid-functionalized blue-emitting carbon dot (FACD), bound via electrostatic interactions. was developed to combine the advantages of the individual nanocarriers and overcome their drawbacks. The presence of folic acid enables to be successfully used in selective bioimaging and targeted combination therapy against folate receptor-positive (FR+) B16F10 over FR- cells.

Parallel Plate Capacitor Model at the Nanoscale for Stable and Gigantic SERS Activity of the 4-MBA@R-AuNP-4-MBA@R-AuNP System.

Selective use of ingredients out of a specific natural product (e.g., fruit, leaf, flower, or honey extract) or their mixture (e.

Artificial blood for therapeutic and laboratory usage: Where do we stand?

The scarcity of blood for transfusion purposes has been widely acknowledged. Surgical therapeutic processes, war zones, and post-disaster treatments demand a huge amount of blood. Modern-day laboratories also require blood for bioengineering experimentation.

Pyrolysis study of a waste plastic mixture through different kinetic models using isothermal and nonisothermal mechanism.

Pyrolysis can be a convenient way to produce oils and gases simultaneously, as well as hydrocarbons and even crude petrochemicals. It can also be used to produce energy from a waste plastic mixture (WPM). To ascertain the kinetics parameters at the heating rates of 5, 10, 20, and 50 °C min, various kinetic models, including (a) model-fitting and (b) model-free, which are further separated into isothermal and non-isothermal categories, have been selected.

Multiscale Materials Engineering via Self-Assembly of Pentapeptide Derivatives from SARS CoV E Protein.

Short peptide-based supramolecular hydrogels hold enormous potential for a wide range of applications. However, the gelation of these systems is very challenging to control. Minor changes in the peptide sequence can significantly influence the self-assembly mechanism and thereby the gelation propensity.

Smoothed particle hydrodynamics based FSI simulation of the native and mechanical heart valves in a patient-specific aortic model.

The failure of the aortic heart valve is common, resulting in deterioration of the pumping function of the heart. For the end stage valve failure, bi-leaflet mechanical valve (most popular artificial valve) is implanted. However, due to its non-physiological behaviour, a significant alteration is observed in the normal haemodynamics of the aorta.

Shape reconstruction of axisymmetric Taylor bubbles using conductivity probes through a scheme of combined experiment and theory.

A simple measurement scheme is proposed to reconstruct the geometry of an axisymmetric void propagating through a conducting liquid using a pair of parallel wire conductivity probes. An experimental study allows for obtaining the time variation of the resistance of the film surrounding the void. Analytical modeling and numerical simulation has been adopted to correlate the resistance between the wire electrodes and the film thickness.

Hypoxia: Intriguing Feature in Cancer Cell Biology.

Hypoxia, a key aspect of the tumor microenvironment, plays a vital role in cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metabolism, and the immune response within tumors. These factors collectively promote tumor advancement, aggressiveness, metastasis and result in a poor prognosis. Hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), activated under low oxygen conditions, mediates many of these effects by altering drug target expression, metabolic regulation, and oxygen consumption.

In Vitro Drug Release Testing Method For Nepafenac Ophthalmic Suspension.

In vitro release test (IVRT) method is important to monitor batch-to-batch quality variations during pharmaceutical manufacturing and also to show the pharmaceutical equivalence of a generic product with the innovator. To fulfil regulatory requirements for approval of a generic ophthalmic suspension product, in vitro release study is required. No compendial or non-compendial method is available for IVRT of nepafenac ophthalmic suspension.

Metformin-Loaded Hyaluronic Acid-Derived Carbon Dots for Targeted Therapy against Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Glutamine Metabolic Reprogramming.

Metabolic reprogramming is a significant hallmark of cancer that promotes chemoresistance by allowing tumor tissues to adapt to changes in the tumor microenvironment caused by anticancer therapies. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the most common types of primary tumors, is associated with recurrent metabolic reprogramming that maximizes cancer cell growth and proliferation. Herein, we developed metformin (MET)-loaded hyaluronic acid (HA)-derived carbon dots (HA-CD-MET) by a simple and green method with no involvement of any additives.

Naphthalene Diimide-Based Orange Emitting Luminogen: A Fluorometric Probe for Thiol Sensing through the Click Reaction.

Fluorometric sensors have gained considerable attention in various fields, including environmental monitoring, biomedical research, and clinical diagnostics. This article delineates the fabrication of an orange emitting naphthalene diimide (NDI) derivative consisting of maleimide moiety () for fluorometric sensing of thiols. Spherical shaped organic nanoparticles (∼100-150 nm) were constructed by in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/dimethylformamide (DMF)-water through -type aggregation.

Marangoni Flows in a Bilayer Liquid Microfilm Interface on Wave-Contoured Hot Substrates.

This study explores the thermal Marangoni hydrodynamics in an immiscible, binary-liquid thin-film system, which is open to the gas phase at the top and rests on a heated substrate with wavy topology. The sinusoidal contour of the heated (constant-temperature) substrate results in temperature gradients along the liquid-liquid and liquid-gas interfaces, causing fluctuations in the interfacial tension, ultimately leading to Marangoni hydrodynamics in the liquid-liquid films. This type of flow is notable in liquid film coatings on patterned surfaces, which are widely used in MEMS/NEMS applications (Weinstein, S.

Naphthalimide-Based AIEgens for Sensing Protein Disulfide Isomerase through Thiol-Disulfide Redox Exchange.

Aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-based fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONPs) with distinctive characteristics are emerging as superior sensors due to their facile fabrication, high signal-to-noise ratio, and good biocompatibility. The present article delineates the detection and analysis of the redox behavior of the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) enzyme by exploitation of the AIE of novel naphthalimide (NI) derivatives having thiol (-SH) and disulfide (S-S-) moieties. Self-aggregated spherical-shaped organic nanoparticles were prepared by synthesized NI-based amphiphiles (, , , and ) through -type aggregation in DMSO-water ( = 99 vol %).

Performance of the transoesophageal echocardiography probe as an oesophageal temperature monitor in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: a prospective observational study.

Objectives: Core temperature monitoring is critical during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). In this prospective observational study, we investigated the performance of the transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) probe for core (oesophageal) temperature monitoring during CPB.

Methods: Thirty adult patients, 18-70 years of either gender, undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB were enrolled.

Risk Perception and Preventive Practice During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the General Population.

Background People's perceptions of the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated risk are very essential to prevent the spread of the infection. The awareness among individuals may contribute to preventing COVID-19 infections. Coronavirus disease is a serious public health issue.

Socioeconomic Burden of Critically Ill Patients: A Descriptive Study.

Background The cost of critical illness treatment is generally recognized as expensive and increasing in India. Critical illness of the individual will affect the socioeconomic status of the individual and the family. The direct and indirect costs of intensive care and its impact on the socioeconomic status of critically ill patients and their families need to be estimated.

Correction: Anesthetic Challenges During Whole Lung Lavage: A Case Report.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33659.

Correction: Anesthetic Challenges During Whole Lung Lavage: A Case Report.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33659.

Anesthetic Challenges During Whole Lung Lavage: A Case Report.

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is an uncommon lung disease characterized by the accumulation of surfactant in the lungs. Treatment is done by whole lung lavage. One-lung ventilation in diseased lungs is a challenge to anesthesiologists due to the rapid desaturation and hemodynamic fluctuations encountered during the procedure.

Paper based microfluidic devices: a review of fabrication techniques and applications.

A wide range of applications are possible with paper-based analytical devices, which are low priced, easy to fabricate and operate, and require no specialized equipment. Paper-based microfluidics offers the design of miniaturized POC devices to be applied in the health, environment, food, and energy sector employing the ASSURED (Affordable, Sensitive, Specific, User-friendly, Rapid and Robust, Equipment free and Deliverable to end users) principle of WHO. Therefore, this field is growing very rapidly and ample research is being done.