Kynurenines Dynamics in the Periphery and Central Nervous System Steers Behavioral Deficits in Rats under Hypobaric Hypoxia.

People travel to high-altitude regions as tourists, workers, and military personnel on duty. Despite the consistent 21% oxygen content in the atmosphere, ascending to higher altitudes results in a decrease in the partial pressure of oxygen, inducing a state known as hypobaric hypoxia (HH). HH is an environmental stress that is responsible for neuroinflammation and behavioral deficits (anxiety, depression, mood disturbance, etc.

Laparoscopic right posterior sectionectomy for a large hepatocellular carcinoma close to inferior vena cava.

Approximately 20% of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) occur in noncirrhotic livers. Resection may be considered for patients with HCC, provided sufficient future liver remnant is available, regardless of the tumor size. Tumors located posteriorly near the right hepatic vein (RHV), or inferior vena cava can be managed through anterior or caudal approaches.

Hypoxic pulmonary vascular response can screen subclinical lifestyle disease in healthy population.

Objective: Subclinical life style disease can cause endothelial dysfunction associated with perfusion abnormalities and reduced vascular compliance. Subclinical elevated beta type natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been associated with altered fluid shift from extra to intracellular space during acute hypoxia. Therefore we measured vascular response and BNP levels during acute hypoxia to study endothelial functions among healthy individuals.

Alteration in cerebral blood flow, kynurenines with respect to mood profile in freshly recruited armed forces personnel.

The present study is conducted to understand the association of mood profile with the kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolites, and cerebral hemodynamics in freshly recruited central armed forces personnel. Profile of Mood States questionnaire was utilized to assess mood profile, and Total Mood Disturbance (TMD) score was calculated. Transcranial Doppler was used to record blood flow velocity bilaterally of the middle cerebral artery.

Delayed presentation of a post-traumatic large right diaphragmatic hernia displacing liver and gallbladder - A case report.

Blunt or penetrating trauma resulting in injury or rupture of the diaphragm is rare and constitutes about 1% to 3.9% of all thoraco-abdominal injuries. It is often regarded as a marker of severe trauma.

Heat-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in soleus and gastrocnemius muscles and differential response to UPR pathway in rats.

The present study aimed to investigate the differential response of oxidative (soleus) and glycolytic (gastrocnemius) muscles to heat-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. It was hypothesized that due to compositional and functional differences, both muscles respond differently to acute heat stress. To address this, male Sprague Dawley rats (12/group) were subjected to thermoneutral (25 °C) or heat stress (42 °C) conditions for 1 h.

Trace Element Zinc, a Nature's Gift to Fight Unprecedented Global Pandemic COVID-19.

With the advent of twenty-first century, we are in cruel grip of a pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the associated illness being called as COVID-19. Since its outbreak in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, there are no medicines to cure the disease till date. Based on their experience, scientists say that developing a coronavirus vaccine could take at least a year.

Physiological and oxidative stress responses to intermittent hypoxia training in Sprague Dawley rats.

Aim: Rapid ascent to high altitude and inability to acclimatize lead to high-altitude illnesses. Intermittent hypoxia (IH) conditioning has been hypothesized as a non-pharmacological strategy aiming to improve adaptive responses during high altitude ascent. In the recent years, IH training (IHT) has become increasingly popular among recreational and professional athletes owing to its ability to mitigate high altitude related problems.

Subclinical elevated B-type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) indicates endothelial dysfunction contributing to hypoxia susceptibility in healthy individuals.

Aims: Baseline elevated B-type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) has been found in high altitude pulmonary edema susceptible population. Exaggerated pulmonary vascular response to hypoxia may be related to endothelial dysfunction in hypoxia susceptible. We hypothesize that baseline BNP levels can predict hypoxia susceptibility in healthy individuals.

Alterations of estrous cycle, 3β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity and progesterone synthesis in female rats after exposure to hypobaric hypoxia.

The underlying mechanism regulating hypoxia induced alteration in female steroid hormones is first time explored in this study. To understand the mechanistic approach, female Sprague- Dawley rats were exposed to acute and chronic hypobaric hypoxia (282 mm-Hg, ~7620 m, 6 hours, 3 and 7 days). Estrous cycle, body weight, plasma progesterone and estradiol levels, morphology, histology and two key steroidogenic enzymes: 3ß hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) and 17ß HSD activity of ovary and adrenal gland were studied.

Physico-chemical Characterization, Profiling of Total Lipids and Triacylglycerol Molecular Species of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Rich B. arvensis Seed Oil from India.

Buglossoides arvensis is indigenous to India and its seed oil is rich in unique and nutritionally important omega-3 fatty acid namely, stearidonic acid (SDA). It is a non-conventional oil seed plant and needs to be agronomically adapt for commercial utilization. In the present study, oil extracted from the agronomically adapted high yielding cultivar of B.

Laparoscopic resection of duodenal carcinoid: A feasible method: Single institute case series.

Background: Duodenal carcinoids (neuroendocrine tumour) are rare tumour, but recently, increase in incidence has been noted. Various techniques for excision of tumour have been described in literature, but very few case reports and case series have mentioned about laparoscopic management of carcinoid tumour. We describe a case series of seven cases of duodenal non-periampullary carcinoids which was managed by laparoscopic method.

Leaf lipidome and transcriptome profiling of Portulaca oleracea: characterization of lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase.

Portulaca leaves serve as an alternative bioresource for edible PUFAs. Transcriptome data provide information to explore Portulaca as a model system for galactolipids, leaf lipid metabolism, and PUFA-rich designer lipids. Poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are gaining importance due to their innumerable health benefits, and hence, understanding their biosynthesis in plants has attained prominence in recent years.

Endothelial markers in high altitude induced systemic hypertension (HASH) at moderate high altitude.

Background: Chronic intermittent hypoxia is known to induce systemic arterial hypertension whereas chronic hypoxia causes pulmonary arterial hypertension. High altitude (HA) induced systemic hypertension (HASH) in previously normotensive lowlanders following acclimatisation and prolonged stay at moderate HA is a commonly encountered medical problem. HASH has been attributed to increased sympathetic discharge.

A Case Series on Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome Surgical Management, Single Institution Experience.

Compression of duodenum by Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA) causing proximal intestinal obstruction is an uncommon condition. Treatment of this condition involves conservative management initially followed by surgical management in those patients who have persistent symptoms. This case series evaluates surgical management and outcome of six patients after one year, who presented with SMA syndrome and describes a brief review of literature.

Unravelling a stearidonic acid-rich triacylglycerol biosynthetic pathway in the developing seeds of Buglossoides arvensis: A transcriptomic landscape.

Buglossoides arvensis is an emerging oilseed crop that is rich in stearidonic acid (SDA) and has several potential applications in human health and nutrition. The molecular basis of SDA biosynthesis in this plant remains unknown due to lack of genomic information. To unravel key genes involved in SDA-rich triacylglycerol (TAG) biosynthesis, we performed transcriptome sequencing of pooled mRNA from five different developmental stages of B.

A Rare Case of Intestinal Malrotation and Volvulus of Jejunum with Coexisting Carcinoid Tumour of Appendix.

Malrotation of the midgut is generally regarded as a paediatric pathology. It is rare in adults. Patients may present with symptoms of acute bowel obstruction or chronic abdominal pain.

Parietal Wall Abscess Perforating to Transverse Colon: A Rare Presentation.

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis affects an isolated organ or presents secondary to pulmonary involvement. Lymph nodes are the common sites for extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Primary extrapulmonary tuberculosis involving parietal wall is an unusual presentation.

A Rare SOL of the Liver: Diagnostic and Management Dilemma.

Aetiology and clinical presentation of space occupying lesions (SOL) of liver are varied. It can be solid, cystic or heterogenous. Usually liver abscess presents as a symptomatic cystic SOL in a sick patient.

Transfascial suture in laparoscopic ventral hernia repair; friend or foe?

'Suture hernia' is fairly a new and rare type of ventral hernia. It occurs at the site of transfascial suture, following laparoscopic ventral hernia repair (LVHR). Employment of transfascial sutures in LVHR is still debatable in contrast to tackers.

Amyand's hernia: Our experience in the laparoscopic era.

Amyand's hernia is a rare presentation of inguinal hernia, in which the appendix is present within the hernia sac. This entity is a diagnostic challenge due to its rarity and vague clinical presentation. A laparoscopic approach can confirm the diagnosis as well as serve as a therapeutic tool.

A curious discourse of Krukenberg tumor: a case report.

Krukenberg tumor is usually but not always a bilateral involvement of ovaries from metastatic deposit from adenocarcinoma of stomach and rarely from other gastrointestinal (GI) and non GI organs. The route of metastatsis of this rare condition is still not proven. It is still uncertain whether surgical resection of ovarian metastases and/or primary tumor could improve the outcome.

3D Laparoscopy - Help or Hype; Initial Experience of A Tertiary Health Centre.

Introduction: To evaluate the advantages of 3D laparoscopy and compare its significance with conventional 2D laparoscopy during various operative procedures.

Methods: During present study, two groups were formed. Group A included patients who were operated using 3D laparoscopic imaging and Group B consisted of operated patients by 2D laparoscopy.

Laparoscopic necrosectomy in acute necrotizing pancreatitis: Our experience.

Context: Pancreatic necrosis is a local complication of acute pancreatitis. The development of secondary infection in pancreatic necrosis is associated with increased mortality. Pancreatic necrosectomy is the mainstay of invasive management.