Formulation and biopharmaceutical evaluation of risperidone-loaded chitosan nanoparticles for intranasal delivery.

High lipophilicity and extensive hepatic metabolism limits the oral application of risperidone in the treatment of CNS disorders. In order address this limitation, risperidone (RS) loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs) were processed for intranasal administration in the management of schizophrenia. RS loaded CS-NPs were prepared by ionic gelation of chitosan with tripolyphosphate and stabilized by tween 80/ poloxamer 188.

Biopharmaceutical Process of Diclofenac Multi-particulate Systems for Chronotherapy of Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Objectives: Diclofenac exhibits limited solubility, low bioabsorption and gastric toxicity. The objective of the study was to address the above limitations and to design a multi-particulate formulation for the chronotherapy of RA.

Materials And Methods: Solid dispersions of DC with SSG and GG were prepared.

Biopharmaceutical insights of particulate emulsified systems - a prospective overview.

During the twenty-first century, drug discovery is expanding rapidly and a large number of chemical moieties are recognized. Many of them are poorly soluble and hence related biopharmaceutical constraints are to be addressed systematically. Among novel approaches to resolving biopharmaceutical issues, micro- and nano-emulsified systems serve as the best strategy for delivering both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs owing to their greater solubilization and transportation capabilities.

Biopharmaceutical Potential of Selegiline Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles in the Management of Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Selegiline hydrochloride, a hydrophilic anti-Parkinson' moiety, undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism and has low bioavailability. A process to obtain of selegiline (SH) loaded chitosan nanoparticles was attempted to circumvent the above problem, through intranasal delivery.

Methods: SH loaded polymeric nanoparticles were prepared by ionic gelation of chitosan with tripolyphosphate, and stabilized by tween 80/ poloxamer 188.

Process, Physicochemical Characterization and Assessment of Albendazole Microcrystals.

Albendazole is a poorly soluble drug which limits its oral bioavailability. The study was focussed to enhance the solubility by in-situ micronization. Albendazole microcrystals were prepared by solvent change method using gum karaya and hupu gum as stabilizing agents and the effect of each stabilizer on the prepared microcrystals were studied.

Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of Acrylate-Based Gastrosparing NSAID Prodrugs.

Dexibuprofen and aceclofenac are well-known NSAID molecules, their oral use leads to gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity. To circumvent that GI toxicity, the prodrug approach is a better alternative. Hence, this research was undertaken to synthesize prodrugs of dexibuprofen and aceclofenac using acrylic polymers with degradable ester bonds.

In vitro characterization studies of self-microemulsified bosentan systems.

Context: Bosentan is a poorly soluble drug and pose challenges in designing of drug delivery systems.

Objective: The objective of this study is to enhance the solubility, dissolution and shelf-life of bosentan by formulating it as S-SMEDDS capsules.

Materials And Methods: Solubility of bosentan was tested in various liquid vehicles such as oils (rice bran and sunflower), surfactants (span 20 and tween 80) and co-surfactants (PEG 400 and propylene glycol) and microemulsions were developed.

A perspective overview on lipospheres as lipid carrier systems.

Both hydrophilic and lipophilic therapeutics can be delivered successfully into deep and peripheral tissues such as cerebrospinal fluid and central nervous system by encapsulating them with crystalline lipids as lipospheres. The advent of lipospheres was meant to deliver both therapeutic moieties with enhanced efficacy and added stability to reach out intended tissue areas. Although extensive information is available on physicochemical, analytical and biopharmaceutical aspects of lipospheres, there was no specific order pertaining to critical composition and rationale of component selection available for academic and pilot scale processing of lipospheres.

Solid self microemulsification of Atorvastatin using hydrophilic carriers: a design.

Context: Atorvastatin has a limited advantage to formulate oral dosage forms.

Objective: To enhance the solubility of Atorvastatin and to design the suitable solid self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (S-SMEDDS) Materials and methods: The clear and transparent self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) were formulated using coconut oil and isopropyl myristate as lipid phases; Tween 80 as surfactant; PEG 400 and glycerin as co-surfactant at 2:1, 3:1, 1:2 and 1:3 ratio. The pseudo ternary phase diagrams were constructed to identify the microemulsion region.

In vitro and in vivo assessment of piroxicam incorporated Aloe vera transgel.

Background: The aim of the study was to develop piroxicam-Aloe vera gel (PAG) formulation and make a pharmacodynamic evaluation of the formulation.

Materials And Methods: The gel was prepared by using carbopol 934 as gelling agent and methyl paraben as a preservative in an Aloe vera gel base. The formulated gel was also evaluated for physicochemical parameters like pH, viscosity, drug content, and in vitro diffusion assessment.

Modified pulsincap of ibuprofen--a novel approach for chronotherapy.

The aim of the present work was to develop colon specific drug delivery system for ibuprofen using natural polymers as carriers. We have investigated colon specific, pulsatile device to achieve time and site specific release of ibuprofen based on chronopharmaceutical considerations. The basic design consists of an insoluble hard gelatin capsule body, filled with ibuprofen surface solid dispersions and sealed with guar gum hydrogel plug.

Receptors and ligands role in colon physiology and pathology.

Colonic diseases are more prevalent during the past decade. Colorectal cancer, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, diverticulitis, irritable bowel syndrome are the major reported colonic diseases. Innovative strategies are defensible in order to advance the efficacy of colonic disease treatment.