A Photochemical Strategy towards Michael Addition Reactions of Cyclopropenes.

The development of Michael addition reactions to conjugated cyclopropenes is a challenge in organic synthesis due to the fleeting and reactive nature of such strained Michael acceptor systems. Herein, the development of a photochemical approach towards such conjugated cyclopropenes is reported that serves as a strategic entry point to densely functionalized cyclopropanes in a diastereoselective fashion. The process involves the light-mediated generation of transient cyclopropenyl α,β-unsaturated esters from vinyl diazo esters, followed by an organic base catalyzed nucleophilic addition of N-heterocycles to directly access β-N-heterocyclic cyclopropanoic esters.

Rapid and Resilient LoRa Leap: A Novel Multi-Hop Architecture for Decentralised Earthquake Early Warning Systems.

We introduce a novel LoRa-based multi-hop communication architecture as an alternative to the public internet for earthquake early warning (EEW). We examine its effectiveness in generating a meaningful warning window for the New Zealand-based decentralised EEW sensor network implemented by the CRISiSLab operating with the adapted Propagation of Local Undamped Motion (PLUM)-based earthquake detection and node-level data processing. LoRa, popular for low-power, long-range applications, has the disadvantage of long transmission time for time-critical tasks like EEW.

Identifying high-vulnerable garbage accumulation areas in Coimbatore City, India: an AHP-GIS approach for effective waste management.

Urbanization has resulted in a surge in municipal solid waste (MSW) generation, posing critical waste management challenges in urban areas. To tackle this issue, we introduce a novel approach for mapping garbage vulnerability zones (GVZ) in Coimbatore City, India, combining the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and Geographic Information System (GIS). Seven criteria, including per capita waste generation, open dumping, land use land cover, road/railway networks, and population, were integrated and analyzed in GIS.

Metabolite profiling of plant growth promoting cyanobacteria- and using untargeted metabolomics.

Unlabelled: The metabolite profiles of two plant growth promoting cyanobacteria- and , which serve as promising biofertilizers, and biocontrol agents were generated to investigate their agriculturally beneficial activities. Preliminary biochemical analyses, in terms of total chlorophyll, total proteins, and IAA were highest at 14 days after inoculation (DAI). In 20-25% higher values of reducing sugars, than at both 14 and 21 DAI were recorded.

Enhancing physiological metrics, yield, zinc bioavailability, and economic viability of rice through nano zinc fertilization and summer green manuring in semi-arid South Asian ecosystem.

During the summer and rainy seasons (April-October) of 2020 and 2021, two consecutive field experiments were conducted at the research farm of the ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India. In this study, we examined the effects of summer green manuring crops (GM) and a variety of zinc fertilizers (ZnF) on rice ( L.) growth, physiological development, yield response, zinc nutrition and economic returns.

Elevated CO along with inoculation of cyanobacterial biofilm or its partners differentially modulates C-N metabolism and quality of tomato beneficially.

Diazotrophic cyanobacteria are known to influence nutrient availability in soil, however, their benefits under elevated CO environment, particularly on fruit quality attributes, is a less investigated aspect. Laboratory developed cyanobacterium-fungal biofilm (An-Tr), composed of (An) as the matrix with the partner as (Tr), along with the individual partners were evaluated under ambient (aCO-400 ± 50 ppm) and elevated (eCO-700 ± 50 ppm) conditions, with and without tomato plants. An-Tr inoculation exhibited distinct and significantly higher values for most of the soil microbiological parameters, plant growth attributes and antioxidant/defense enzyme activities measured at 30 and 60 DAI (days after inoculation).

associations: synergistic effects on in vitro PGP traits and growth of pearl millet at early seedling stage under limited moisture conditions.

Unlabelled: The association of plant beneficial and spp. strains expressing different sets of PGP traits may have complementary or supplementary effects on host plants. In the present investigation, and spp.

Non-invasive detection of oral potentially malignant and malignant lesions using an optical multispectral screening device.

Oral carcinogenesis is a multistep process that usually arises in the superficial epithelial layer covering the lining of the body cavities. The early changes in the oral mucosa reflect as oral precancers or oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD). The most common OPMD are erythroplakia and leukoplakia, with their chances of malignant transformation being approximately 90% and 10%, respectively.

Differential effects of rhizobacteria from uninfected and infected tomato on Meloidogyne incognita under protected cultivation.

Intermingled uninfected and root-knot nematode-infected tomato plants are commonly observed under protected cultivation. To understand the role of rhizobacteria underlying the susceptibility to nematode infectivity in these tomato plants, 36 rhizobacteria (18 from each type) with morphologically distinct colony characteristics were isolated from the rhizosphere of uninfected and root-knot nematode-infected tomato plants. The in vitro nematicidal potential of rhizobacteria from the uninfected rhizosphere was significantly higher than that from the infested rhizosphere.

An efficient dehairing system supported by oxidative-enzymatic auxiliary towards sustainability.

A method of dehairing of goat skins using oxidative chemicals and protease enzymes has been attempted. The dehairing process is one of the important and essential steps in leather making, where hair is removed by lime and sodium sulphide in the conventional process. This conventional dehairing system generates a higher amount of pollution problem as compared to the other unit operations and unit processes.

Untargeted GC-MS reveals differential regulation of metabolic pathways in cyanobacterium and its biofilms with and sp.

Cyanobacteria and their biofilms are used as biofertilizing options to improve plant growth, soil fertility, and grain quality in various crops, however, the nature of metabolites involved in such interactions is less explored. The present investigation compared the metabolite profiles of cyanobacterial biofilms: - (An-Tr) and - sp. (An-PW5) against the individual culture of (An) using untargeted gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy.

Palladium encapsulated nanofibres for scavenging ethylene from sapota fruits.

Scavenging ethylene is a useful intervention during the transportation and storage of tropical climacteric fruits like sapota. Sapota ( Mill.) is a delicious tropical fruit with a very high respiration rate and poor shelf life.

Energy, environmental degradation, and health status: evidence from South Asia.

Energy is considered a vital factor of economic growth that contributes to improve quality of life and health status. However, global warming, climate change, and environmental degradation are due primarily because of energy emissions, whereas environmental degradation is detrimental to health. Since one-fifth of the population lives in South Asia, it is necessary to analyze the impact of energy and environmental degradation on health status in this region.

Prospecting the significance of methane-utilizing bacteria in agriculture.

Microorganisms act as both the source and sink of methane, a potent greenhouse gas, thus making a significant contribution to the environment as an important driver of climate change. The rhizosphere and phyllosphere of plants growing in natural (mangroves) and artificial wetlands (flooded agricultural ecosystems) harbor methane-utilizing bacteria that oxidize methane at the source and reduce its net flux. For several decades, microorganisms have been used as biofertilizers to promote plant growth.

Protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis: magnitude, reasons, associated factors, and implications of the out-of-pocket expenditure during pregnancy.

Objectives: Health-related out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) impedes utilization for maternal health care. We aim to systematically review the magnitude, reasons, associated factors, and implications of OOPE during pregnancy.

Study Design: The study design is a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Multi-source Multimodal Data and Deep Learning for Disaster Response: A Systematic Review.

Mechanisms for sharing information in a disaster situation have drastically changed due to new technological innovations throughout the world. The use of social media applications and collaborative technologies for information sharing have become increasingly popular. With these advancements, the amount of data collected increases daily in different modalities, such as text, audio, video, and images.

Strategies for Implementing a One Welfare Framework into Emergency Management.

Responding to emergencies requires many different individuals and organisations to work well together under extraordinary circumstances. Unfortunately, the management of animal welfare in emergencies remains largely disconnected from emergency management overall. This is due predominately to professional silos and a failure to understand the importance of human-animal-environment (h-a-e) interdependencies.

Overcoming sunitinib resistance with tocilizumab in renal cell carcinoma: Discordance between in vitro and in vivo effects.

Sunitinib is one of the first-line multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitors for metastatic renal cell carcinoma, and resistance to sunitinib continues to be a limiting factor for the successful treatment. As interleukin-6 (IL-6) is overexpressed in sunitinib-resistant cells, the purpose of this study was to explore the potential of IL-6 inhibition with tocilizumab, an IL-6 receptor inhibitor, to overcome resistance. In vitro, two sunitinib-resistant renal cell carcinoma cell lines (Caki-1 and SN12K1) were treated with tocilizumab.

Mycorrhizae Helper Bacteria: Unlocking Their Potential as Bioenhancers of Plant-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Associations.

The dynamic interactions of plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) that facilitate the efficient uptake of minerals from soil and provide protection from various environmental stresses (biotic and abiotic) are now also attributed to a third component of the symbiosis. These are the less investigated mycorrhizae helper bacteria (MHB), which constitute a dense, active bacterial community, tightly associated with AMF, and involved in the development and functioning of AMF. Although AMF spores are known to host several bacteria in their spore walls and cytoplasm, their role in promoting the ecological fitness and establishment of AMF symbiosis by influencing spore germination, mycelial growth, root colonization, metabolic diversity, and biocontrol of soil borne diseases is now being deciphered.

Bimodal multispectral imaging system with cloud-based machine learning algorithm for real-time screening and detection of oral potentially malignant lesions and biopsy guidance.

Significance: Screening and early detection of oral potentially malignant lesions (OPMLs) are of great significance in reducing the mortality rates associated with head and neck malignancies. Intra-oral multispectral optical imaging of tissues in conjunction with cloud-based machine learning (CBML) can be used to detect oral precancers at the point-of-care (POC) and guide the clinician to the most malignant site for biopsy.

Aim: Develop a bimodal multispectral imaging system (BMIS) combining tissue autofluorescence and diffuse reflectance (DR) for mapping changes in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2) absorption in the oral mucosa, quantifying tissue abnormalities, and guiding biopsies.

Constraints on Cosmic Strings Using Data from the Third Advanced LIGO-Virgo Observing Run.

We search for gravitational-wave signals produced by cosmic strings in the Advanced LIGO and Virgo full O3 dataset. Search results are presented for gravitational waves produced by cosmic string loop features such as cusps, kinks, and, for the first time, kink-kink collisions. A template-based search for short-duration transient signals does not yield a detection.