The corticoperiosteal medial femoral supracondylar flap: anatomical study for clinical evaluation in mandibular osteoradionecrosis.

Purpose: An ideal way to treat osteoradionecrosis of the jaws is to transfer an osteogenic, appropriately vascularized flap to the affected site. The corticoperiosteal femoral medial supracondylar flap is being used increasingly in the treatment of complex pseudarthrosis of long bones, but is yet to find robust indications for use in the treatment of osteoradionecrosis of the jaw, the reasons being a lack of anatomical data concerning its vascular supply and the local constraints of its routine harvest. This study presents an anatomical study and literature review to explore its potentials in clinical practice.

Branching patterns for arterioles and venules of the human cerebral cortex.

Branching patterns of microvascular networks influence vascular resistance and allow control of peripheral flow distribution. The aim of this paper was to analyze these branching patterns in human cerebral cortex. Digital three-dimensional images of the microvascular network were obtained from thick sections of India ink-injected human brain by confocal laser microscopy covering a large zone of secondary cortex.

Scaling laws for branching vessels of human cerebral cortex.

Objective: Vascular architecture, particularly of cerebral microvessels, has profound implications for both health and disease in a variety of areas, such as neuroimaging, angiogenesis and development, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular tumors. We analyzed the architecture of tree-like vessels of the human cerebral cortex.

Methods: Digital three-dimensional images of the microvascular network were obtained from thick sections of India ink-injected human brain by confocal laser microscopy covering a large zone of secondary cortex.

Morphometry of the human cerebral cortex microcirculation: general characteristics and space-related profiles.

Studies on human brain microcirculation have thus far yielded few quantitative data, preventing the closest possible interpretation of functional imaging methods such as fMRI and PET that necessarily rely on robustly delineated morphology of haemodynamic systems. Inadequate data in this area can lead to severe underestimation of the spatial specificity of the BOLD response. We took thick sections of Indian ink injected human brain and, using confocal laser microscopy and a novel three-dimensional computer-assisted method we extracted and analyzed hundreds of thousands of vascular segments within a large area of cortex.