Ultrashort segment adult Hirschsprung disease: A case report of periodic abdominal distension and constipation spanning for more than 20 years.

The diagnosis of adult Hirschsprung disease (HD) is rare, furthermore there are only 3 or 4 cases of adult ultrashort segment HD (USHD) reported previously in English literature to our knowledge. Herein, we present a case of a 22-year-old female presented with long standing history of constipation and abdominal distension secondary to USHD. Imaging modalities included plain abdominal X-ray, ultrasound (USG) and computed tomography (CT) scan which collectively aided in establishing the diagnosis.

Rare case of coexisting hepatic, splenic, and vertebral hemangiomas - A case report.

Synchronous existence of hepatic, splenic, and skeletal hemangiomas has not been reported previously in the English literature to our knowledge. In this case report, we present a case of coexistence of hepatic, splenic, and skeletal hemangiomas in a 30-year-old woman with on and off bilateral lumbar region pain and no significant past medical history. Radiological investigations, including ultrasound and computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging helped identify the synchronous existence of hepatic, splenic, and skeletal hemangiomas.

Neglected case of recurrent abdominal pain due to a chronically retained and broken double J (DJ) stent following percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL): A case report.

Double J (DJ stent) is commonly used in urology practices. Short- and long-term complications of indwelling catheters are increasingly noted resulting in significant morbidity and at times mortality. Retained and broken DJ stent is however rare complication with few cases reported in the literature.

Spontaneous extradural hematoma in a Sickle cell Beta Thalassemia patient-A rare complication.

Spontaneous extradural hematoma in Sickle cell disease is rare neurological complication with few cases reported in the English literature. We report a case of a 16-year-old male patient who was previously diagnosed with Sickle Cell Beta Thalassemia and presented with severe headache and vomiting for 3 days. An emergency CT scan of the head demonstrated right-sided acute parietal extradural hematoma with mass effect.

An Unusual Case of Tetanus Masquerading as an Acute Abdomen: A Case Report.

Introduction: Tetanus is an acute onset neurological disease that is often lethal. It has a high disease burden in low and middle-income countries. Tetanus is caused by a toxin made by spores of the bacterium Clostridium tetani, which are found in soil, dust, and animal feces.

Gallbladder schistosomiasis - a rare presentation as gallbladder polyp: a case report.

Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease second to malaria in prevalence with significant morbidity and mortality. Although, Schistosomiasis can affect multiple organs, gallbladder involvement is very rarely reported. We present a case of isolated gallbladder schistosomiasis in a 20-year-old female presenting as gallbladder polyp radiologically and also correlated the histopathological findings which to our knowledge has never been reported in the English literature.

Genital filariasis presenting as a vaginal wall cystic lesion.

Vaginal cystic lesions are rare incidental findings detected during physical examination and imaging. To our knowledge, filariasis as a cause of vaginal cystic lesions has not been previously reported in the English literature. We present vaginal cystic lesion which posed diagnostic dilemma and was confirmed on cytology to being filarial in etiology.

A case report of visceral leishmaniasis and malaria co-infection with pancytopenia and splenomegaly - a diagnostic challenge.

Background: Leishmaniasis and malaria are tropical diseases with more than half of the world population at risk of infection resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Co-infection of Leishmaniasis and malaria pose a great challenge in the diagnosis as well as overall management.

Case Presentation: In this case report, we present a rare case of a 5 years old child hailing from non-endemic region of Nepal with history of fever for a period of 3 months who was diagnosed as co-infection of malaria due to Plasmodium vivax and visceral Leishmaniasis with pancytopenia that subsequently improved after a course of treatment.

Spectrum of Typical and Atypical Clinico-Histopathological and Radiological Presentation of Soft Tissue and Muscular Cysticercosis in Mid-Western and Far-Western Region of Nepal.

Introduction: Soft tissue and muscular involvement in cysticercosis is a relatively rarer presentation.

Materials And Methods: Twenty seven histopathologically confirmed cases of soft tissue and muscular cysticercosis were collected and the clinical, radiological data was reviewed.

Results: There was female predominance for the lesions (19 cases among 27 cases).

Improved sensitivity of 3.0 Tesla susceptibility-weighted imaging in detecting traumatic bleeds and its use in predicting outcomes in patients with mild traumatic brain injury.

Background: The efficacy of susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) for detecting intracranial bleeds (ICBs) in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) has not been directly compared to that of T2*-weighted gradient-recalled-echo imaging (T2*WI). Further, its prognostic value for MTBI patients remains unproven.

Purpose: To compare the sensitivity of ICB identification between SWI and T2*WI and examine the prognostic value of SWI for MTBI patients.

Primary spinal chondrosarcoma: radiological manifestations with histopathological correlation in eight patients and literature review.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to delineate radiological-pathological correlation in primary vertebral chondrosarcoma.

Methods: Eight histopathologically confirmed cases were analyzed for pathological and radiological characteristics.

Results: Magnetic resonance images of three conventional and one clear cell cases showed lobulated or irregular masses with line or septa enhancement.

(1)H magnetic resonance spectroscopy and diffusion weighted imaging findings of medulloblastoma in 3.0T MRI: A retrospective analysis of 17 cases.

(1)H magnetic resonance spectroscopy and diffusion weighted imaging features of the cerebellar vermis in 17 medulloblastoma patients were retrospectively analyzed, and 17 healthy volunteers were selected as controls. (1)H magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed that in all 17 medulloblastoma patients, N-acetyl aspartate and creatine peaks were significantly decreased, the choline peak was significantly increased, and there was evidence of a myo-inositol peak. Further, 11 patients showed a low taurine peak at 3.

Primary retroperitoneal malignant melanoma: A case report.

Primary malignant melanoma occurring at an extra cutaneous site is rare. A case of primary malignant melanoma located in the retroperitoneum of an 18-year-old female is presented in this study. Histopathological examination of the tissue biopsies at laparotomy with immunohistochemical stains confirmed a diagnosis of malignant melanoma.

Primary pulmonary cryptococcosis: evaluation of CT characteristics in 26 immunocompetent Chinese patients.

Background: Discrepancies still exist in the diagnosis of primary pulmonary cryptococcosis in immunocompetent patients.

Purpose: To describe and evaluate radiological manifestations of pulmonary cryptococcosis in immunocompetent patients.

Material And Methods: Twenty-six histopathologically confirmed cases of pulmonary cryptococcosis were analyzed for clinical, pathological, and CT characteristics.

Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of primary intraspinal peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumour.

Purpose: The purpose of our study was to describe the salient magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in primary intraspinal peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumour (PNET).

Methods: A retrospective review of the clinical and MRI images of 7 pathologically proven cases of intraspinal peripheral PNETs was performed. The various parameters, such as vertebral level of involvement; tumour location, size, focality, and margin; signal intensity of the lesion; the presence of hemorrhage or calcification; any signal voids; assessment of the adjacent cord for cord compression; cord dilatation; the presence of paraspinal tissue mass; or vertebral or other bony changes, were analysed.

CT features of peripheral T-cell lymphoma in the gastrointestinal tract in Chinese population and literature review.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to retrospectively investigate the CT features in peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) of the gastrointestinal tract in the Chinese population.

Methods: Computed tomography scans of 15 histopathologically proven cases of PTCL involving the gastrointestinal tract were retrospectively reviewed for characteristics such as sites, multiplicity, morphological features, the pattern and degree of contrast enhancement, lymphadenopathy, involvement of other organs and complications such as perforation, intussusceptions, ascites and so on. By reviewing the literature, CT findings of PTCL involving the gastrointestinal tract were compared with that involved by B-cell lymphoma.

Primary gastrointestinal lymphoma.

Gastrointestinal tract is the most common extranodal site involved by lymphoma with the majority being non-Hodgkin type. Although lymphoma can involve any part of the gastrointestinal tract, the most frequent sites in order of its occurrence are the stomach followed by small intestine and ileocecal region. Gastrointestinal tract lymphoma is usually secondary to the widespread nodal diseases and primary gastrointestinal tract lymphoma is relatively rare.

Primary esophageal lymphoma in immunocompetent patients: Two case reports and literature review.

Primary lymphoma that involves the esophagus is very rare, with fewer than 30 cases reported in the English-language literature. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma accounts for most of the cases. Esophageal lymphomas have varied radiological appearances, which poses diagnostic difficulty.

Perfusion computed tomography in colorectal cancer: protocols, clinical applications and emerging trends.

Perfusion computed tomography (CT) has emerged as a novel functional imaging technique with gradually increasing importance in the management of colorectal cancer (CRC). By providing the functional tumor microvasculature, it also helps the assessment of therapeutic response of anti-angiogenic drugs as it may reflect tumor angiogenesis. Perfusion CT has been applied in clinical practice to delineate inflammatory or neoplastic lymph nodes irrespective of their size, identify micro-metastases and to predict metastases in advance of their development.