Microbial Evaluation of Plaque on Conventional Stainless Steel Crown and Titanium-coated Stainless Steel Crown on Primary Molars.

Introduction: The extensive plaque formation on dental restoratives may contribute to secondary caries or periodontal inflammation. Therefore, it is important to know how different types of dental restoratives may prevent or promote the accumulation of microorganisms. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the oral hygiene and microbial adhesion on the titanium (Ti)-coated stainless steel crown (Ti-coated SSC) and conventional SSC on a primary molar.

Evaluation of Nickel and Titanium Releasing from Titanium-coated Stainless Steel Crowns Regarding Trimming: An Study.

Introduction: Stainless steel crowns (SSCs) are the most durable and effective restorations for primary teeth. Titanium-coated SSCs are newer on the market, and this study was conducted to assess the amount of nickel (Ni) and titanium ions released from titanium-coated SSCs, with and without trim, in artificial saliva.

Materials And Methods: A total of 60 titanium-coated SSCs were divided into two groups-group I ( = 30, without trim) and group II ( = 30, with trim) and were immersed in 5 mL artificial saliva.

Structural basis for high-order complex of SARNP and DDX39B to facilitate mRNP assembly.

mRNA in eukaryotic cells is packaged into highly compacted ribonucleoprotein particles (mRNPs) in the nucleus and exported to the cytoplasm for translation. mRNP packaging and export require the evolutionarily conserved transcription-export (TREX) complex. TREX facilitates loading of various RNA-binding proteins on mRNA through the action of its DDX39B subunit.

Influenza virus mRNAs encode determinants for nuclear export via the cellular TREX-2 complex.

Nuclear export of influenza A virus (IAV) mRNAs occurs through the nuclear pore complex (NPC). Using the Auxin-Induced Degron (AID) system to rapidly degrade proteins, we show that among the nucleoporins localized at the nucleoplasmic side of the NPC, TPR is the key nucleoporin required for nuclear export of influenza virus mRNAs. TPR recruits the TRanscription and EXport complex (TREX)-2 to the NPC for exporting a subset of cellular mRNAs.

Viral-host interactions during splicing and nuclear export of influenza virus mRNAs.

As influenza-A viruses (IAV) replicate in the host cell nucleus, intranuclear pathways are usurped for viral gene expression. The eight genomic viral ribonucleoproteins (vRNPs) segments of IAV are transcribed and two generate viral mRNAs (M and NS) that undergo alternative splicing followed by export from the nucleus. The focus of this review is on viral RNA splicing and nuclear export.

Pleural fluid cytology in prompt diagnosis of pleuro-pulmonary nocardiosis masquerading as COVID-19.

Introduction: There are few reports of nocardial infections among the Indian population. We report this case because of its rarity and unique presentation and to highlight the role of cytology in diagnosis.

Case Details: A 74-year-old woman presented with fever and chest pain of a duration of 15 days.

Evaluation of Anatomical Variations in Root and Canal Morphology of Primary Maxillary Second Molars: A Cone-beam Computed Tomography Study.

Introduction: Visualizing the pulp cavity requires adequate knowledge of the size, morphology, and variation of the root canals of primary teeth. The morphology of the root canals in deciduous teeth causes difficulties during endodontic treatment. There have not been many studies on root canal variations in primary teeth in the Indian population.

Aryl Sulfonamide Inhibits Entry and Replication of Diverse Influenza Viruses via the Hemagglutinin Protein.

Influenza viruses cause approximately half a million deaths every year worldwide. Vaccines are available but partially effective, and the number of antiviral medications is limited. Thus, it is crucial to develop therapeutic strategies to counteract this major pathogen.

Viral-induced alternative splicing of host genes promotes influenza replication.

Viral infection induces the expression of numerous host genes that impact the outcome of infection. Here, we show that infection of human lung epithelial cells with influenza A virus (IAV) also induces a broad program of alternative splicing of host genes. Although these splicing-regulated genes are not enriched for canonical regulators of viral infection, we find that many of these genes do impact replication of IAV.

Nucleoporin TPR is an integral component of the TREX-2 mRNA export pathway.

Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are important for cellular functions beyond nucleocytoplasmic trafficking, including genome organization and gene expression. This multi-faceted nature and the slow turnover of NPC components complicates investigations of how individual nucleoporins act in these diverse processes. To address this question, we apply an Auxin-Induced Degron (AID) system to distinguish roles of basket nucleoporins NUP153, NUP50 and TPR.

Evaluation of performance of direct disk diffusion test from positively flagged blood culture broth: A large scale study from South India.

Background: Rapid turnaround time of blood culture reports should be the main motive for a clinical microbiologist for optimal patient care. Categorical agreement (CA) between direct disk diffusion (dDD) and reference disk diffusion (rDD) may vary between laboratories.

Aims And Objectives: This study was designed to determine the CA and understand various types of errors associated with antibiotic organism combination, so that caution can be derived while interpreting and reporting dDD results in the earliest meaningful time frame.

Rare isolation of Fusobacterium varium from a case of Fournier's gangrene.

Fusobacterium is a gram negative obligate anaerobic bacilli, a normal inhabitant of gastrointestinal tract, oropharynx and female genital tract. Here we report a case of Fourniers gangrene from which Fusobacterium varium has been isolated along with certain other pathogens. There are only a few reported cases of Fusobacterium varium in literature and it has never been reported from Fournier's gangrene.

Fatal case of necrotising fasciitis due to in a patient with alcoholic liver disease and diabetes mellitus.

is a halophilic found globally. They are thought to be normal microbiome in the estuaries along the coasts associated with seawater and seashells. Infection usually results from consumption of raw oysters or shellfish or exposure of broken skin or open wounds to contaminated salt or brackish water.

Co-regulatory activity of hnRNP K and NS1-BP in influenza and human mRNA splicing.

Three of the eight RNA segments encoded by the influenza A virus (IAV) undergo alternative splicing to generate distinct proteins. Previously, we found that host proteins hnRNP K and NS1-BP regulate IAV M segment splicing, but the mechanistic details were unknown. Here we show NS1-BP and hnRNP K bind M mRNA downstream of the M2 5' splice site (5'ss).

Primary Molar Pulpectomy Using Two Different Obturation Techniques: A Clinical Study.

Context: A major goal in pediatric dentistry is preservation of the integrity of primary teeth and their supporting tissues until physiological process of exfoliation takes place. Pulpectomy serves such a purpose using various materials and techniques to fill the canals of primary teeth. Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of modified disposable syringe technique in root canals of primary molars using digital radiography when obturated with endoflas.

A multimodal intervention to improve hand hygiene compliance in a tertiary care center.

Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a major threat to patient safety worldwide. HAIs are mainly transmitted via the hands of healthcare workers (HCWs), and HCW compliance with hand hygiene (HH) practices is reportedly low. Therefore, multimodal interventions are needed to develop effective HH improvement strategies.

Impact of a hand hygiene audit on hand hygiene compliance in a tertiary care public sector teaching hospital in South India.

Background: Hand hygiene (HH) practice is considered the most simple, cost-effective, and efficient way to prevent device-associated infections. Continuous auditing plays a vital role in the conversion of HH knowledge into practice.

Methods: An HH audit was carried out October 2015-September 2016 in 18 locations for a total of 1,080 observation periods and 64,800 minutes of observation.

Immune responses against hepatitis C virus genotype 3a virus-like particles in mice: A novel VLP prime-adenovirus boost strategy.

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection represents a major health threat to global population. In India, approximately 15-20% of cases of chronic liver diseases are caused by HCV infection. Although, new drug treatments hold great promise for HCV eradication in infected individuals, the treatments are highly expensive.

A Nonsyndromic Autosomal Dominant Oligodontia with A Novel Mutation of PAX9-A Clinical and Genetic Report.

Oligodontia is congenital absence of one or more teeth which has familial abnormality and attributable to various mutations or polymorphisms of genes often associated with malformative syndromes. The present case reports a rare case of non syndromic oligodontia in an 8-year-old girl with missing 14 permanent teeth excluding third molars in mixed dentition. It is a rare finding which has not been frequently documented in Indian children.

Sequencing of 15 622 gene-bearing BACs clarifies the gene-dense regions of the barley genome.

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) possesses a large and highly repetitive genome of 5.1 Gb that has hindered the development of a complete sequence.

The beta hairpin structure within ribosomal protein S5 mediates interplay between domains II and IV and regulates HCV IRES function.

Translation initiation in Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is mediated by Internal Ribosome Entry Site (IRES), which is independent of cap-structure and uses a limited number of canonical initiation factors. During translation initiation IRES-40S complex formation depends on high affinity interaction of IRES with ribosomal proteins. Earlier, it has been shown that ribosomal protein S5 (RPS5) interacts with HCV IRES.

Modified distal shoe appliance for premature loss of multiple deciduous molars: a case report.

Preservation of the primary dentition until the normal time of exfoliation is one of the most important factor involved in preventive and interceptive dentistry. The premature loss of second primary molar before the eruption of permanent first molar can create a significant arch space/tooth size discrepancy. Distal shoe space maintainer is a valuable part of the Paediatric Dentist's armamentarium in those cases where the second primary molar is prematurely lost and it helps to guide the first permanent molar into place.