Hypoesthesia after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: The relationship between proprioception and vibration perception deficits in individuals greater than one year post-surgery.

Background: While surgical reconstruction restores mechanical stability following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture, many experience early-onset osteoarthritis despite surgery. Neurophysiological changes are hypothesized to contribute to knee osteoarthritis progression. Proprioceptive deficits have been reported following ACL injury/reconstruction; however, vibration perception threshold (VPT) has been less studied.