Cannabidiol-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Ameliorate the Inhibition of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Free Radicals in an In Vitro Inflammation-Induced Cell Model.

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-psychoactive compound derived from . It has demonstrated promising effects in combating inflammation and holds potential as a treatment for the progression of chronic inflammation. However, the clinical application of CBD is limited due to its poor solubility and bioavailability.

A promising strategy of surface-modified nanoparticles targeting CXCR4 for precision cancer therapy.

Nanoparticle (NP) functionalization with specific ligands enhances targeted cancer therapy and imaging by promoting receptor recognition and improving cellular uptake. This review focuses on recent research exploring the interaction between cancer cell-expressed chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and ligand-conjugated NPs, utilising small molecules, peptides, and antibodies. Active NP targeting has shown improved tumour targeting and reduced toxicity, enabling precision therapy and diagnosis.

Stability and biological activity enhancement of fucoxanthin through encapsulation in alginate/chitosan nanoparticles.

A response surface methodology based on the Box-Behnken design was employed to develop fucoxanthin (FX) delivery nanocarrier from alginate (ALG) and chitosan (CS). The FX-loaded ALG/CS nanoparticles (FX-ALG/CS-NPs) were fabricated using oil-in-water emulsification and ionic gelation. The optimal formulation consisted of an ALG:CS mass ratio of 0.

Enhancing Physicochemical Properties and Biocompatibility of Hollow Porous Iron Oxide Nanoparticles through Polymer-Based Surface Modifications.

In this study, we synthesized hollow porous iron oxide nanoparticles (HPIONPs) with surface modifications using polymers, specifically chitosan (Chi), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and alginate (Alg), to improve colloidal stability and biocompatibility. For colloidal stability, Alg-coated HPIONPs maintained size stability up to 24 h, with only an 18% increase, while Chi, PEG, and uncoated HPIONPs showed larger size increases ranging from 64 to 140%. The biocompatibility of polymer-coated HPIONPs was evaluated by assessing their cell viability, genotoxicity, and hemocompatibility.

Design and development of a magnetic field-enabled platform for delivering polymer-coated iron oxide nanoparticles to breast cancer cells.

The current literature mostly contains relatively vague descriptions of techniques for implementing magnetic targeting delivery of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), leading to irreproducible processes and incomparable findings. This discrepancy often arises from the varying exposure of IONPs to the non-uniform magnetic field and differences in the concentration of the polymer-coated IONPs. Hence, we meticulously designed and built a system comprising a platform constructed from polyoxymethylene sheets, which securely holds the permanent magnets, and the cell culture plate.

Metformin and curcumin co-encapsulated chitosan/alginate nanoparticles as effective oral carriers against pain-like behaviors in mice.

Nanotechnology plays an integral role in multimodal analgesia. In this study, we co-encapsulated metformin (Met) and curcumin (Cur) into chitosan/alginate (CTS/ALG) nanoparticles (NPs) at their synergistic drug ratio by applying response surface methodology. The optimized Met-Cur-CTS/ALG-NPs were achieved with Pluronic® F-127 2.

Lutein-loaded chitosan/alginate-coated FeO nanoparticles as effective targeted carriers for breast cancer treatment.

Magnetic drug targeting can be a strategy for effectively delivering phytochemicals in cancer treatment. Here, we demonstrate the benefit of magnetic targeting with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for cytotoxicity enhancement of lutein (LUT) against breast cancer cells. Fabrication of LUT-loaded chitosan/alginate iron oxide nanoparticles (LUT-CS/Alg-FeO-NPs) was optimized by a statistical approach using response surface methodology based on the Box-Behnken design.

Potential Oral Anticancer Therapeutic Agents of Hexahydrocurcumin-Encapsulated Chitosan Nanoparticles against MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells.

Hexahydrocurcumin-encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles (HHC-CS-NPs) were formulated by oil-in-water emulsification and ionotropic gelation and optimized using the Box-Behnken design. The particle size, zeta potential, and encapsulation efficiency of the optimized HHC-CS-NPs were 256 ± 14 nm, 27.3 ± 0.

Folic Acid-Grafted Chitosan-Alginate Nanocapsules as Effective Targeted Nanocarriers for Delivery of Turmeric Oil for Breast Cancer Therapy.

Folate receptors (FRs) highly expressed in breast cancers can be used as a recognized marker for preventing off-target delivery of chemotherapeutics. In this study, folic acid (FA)-grafted chitosan-alginate nanocapsules (CS-Alg-NCs) loaded with turmeric oil (TO) were developed for breast cancer targeting. CS was successfully conjugated with FA via an amide bond with a degree of substitution at 12.

Fabrication of Curcumin Diethyl γ-Aminobutyrate-Loaded Chitosan-Coated Magnetic Nanocarriers for Improvement of Cytotoxicity against Breast Cancer Cells.

This study shows the effectiveness of magnetic-guide targeting in the delivery of curcumin diethyl γ-aminobutyrate (CUR-2GE), a prodrug of curcumin (CUR) previously synthesized to overcome unfavorable physicochemical properties of CUR. In this study, chitosan (Ch)-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Ch-IONPs) were fabricated and optimized using Box-Behnken design-based response surface methodology for delivery of CUR-2GE. Ch was used as a coating material on the nanoparticle surface to avoid aggregation.

Enhanced Nasal Deposition and Anti-Coronavirus Effect of Favipiravir-Loaded Mucoadhesive Chitosan-Alginate Nanoparticles.

Favipiravir (FVR) is a repurposed antiviral drug for treating mild to moderate cases of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, its poor solubility and permeability limit its clinical efficacy. To overcome its physicochemical and pharmacokinetic limitations, we statistically designed a mucoadhesive chitosan-alginate nanoparticles (MCS-ALG-NPs) as a new carrier for FVR using response surface methodology, which provided suitable characteristics for transmucosal delivery.

Curcumin and metformin synergistically modulate peripheral and central immune mechanisms of pain.

Metformin is a well-tolerated antidiabetic drug and has recently been repurposed for numerous diseases, including pain. However, a higher dose of metformin is required for effective analgesia, which can potentiate its dose-dependent gastrointestinal side effects. Curcumin is a natural polyphenol and has beneficial therapeutic effects on pain.

Development of Turmeric Oil-Loaded Chitosan/Alginate Nanocapsules for Cytotoxicity Enhancement against Breast Cancer.

Turmeric oil (TO) exhibits various biological activities with limited therapeutic applications due to its instability, volatility, and poor water solubility. Here, we encapsulated TO in chitosan/alginate nanocapsules (CS/Alg-NCs) using o/w emulsification to enhance its physicochemical characteristics, using poloxamer 407 as a non-ionic surfactant. TO-loaded CS/Alg-NCs (TO-CS/Alg-NCs) were prepared with satisfactory features, encapsulation efficiency, release characteristics, and cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells.

Chitosan-coated nanostructured lipid carriers for transdermal delivery of tetrahydrocurcumin for breast cancer therapy.

Chitosan (Ch)-coated nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) have great potential for transdermal delivery with high localization of chemotherapeutics in breast cancer. This study used tetrahydrocurcumin (THC), a primary metabolite of curcumin with enhanced antioxidant and anticancer properties, as a model compound to prepare NLCs. Response surface methodology was employed to optimize THC-loaded Ch-coated NLCs (THC-Ch-NLCs) fabricated by high-shear homogenization.

Effect of chitosan coatings supplemented with chitosan-montmorillonite nanocomposites on postharvest quality of 'Hom Thong' banana fruit.

The chitosan (CTS) solutions supplemented with chitosan-montmorillonite (CTS-MMT) nanocomposites at various concentrations were prepared for free-standing films by the casting technique. Incorporating 2% CTS-MMT nanocomposites into the free-standing CTS films could improve the water-resistance and oxygen barrier of the film. For the postharvest experiment, CTS and CTS supplemented with CTS-MMT nanocomposite solutions were applied as banana fruit coating by the dipping technique.

Chitosan-alginate nanoparticles as effective oral carriers to improve the stability, bioavailability, and cytotoxicity of curcumin diethyl disuccinate.

Curcumin diethyl disuccinate (CDD) is an ester prodrug of curcumin that has better chemical stability in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) and anticancer activities against MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells and Caco-2 cells than curcumin. However, a major drawback of CDD is its poor water solubility and low bioavailability in the gastrointestinal tract.

Self-Assembled Thermoresponsive Nanogel from Grafted Hyaluronic Acid as a Biocompatible Delivery Platform for Curcumin with Enhanced Drug Loading and Biological Activities.

A hyaluronic acid-grafted poly(-isopropylacrylamide) (HA-pNIPAM) was synthesized as a polymeric nanogel platform for encapsulation and delivery of hydrophobic bioactive compounds using curcumin as a model drug. As demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering techniques, the HA-pNIPAM was simply assembled into spherical nano-sized particles with the thermoresponsive behavior. The success of curcumin aqueous solubilization was confirmed by fluorescent spectroscopy.

Polyethylene Glycol-Chitosan Oligosaccharide-Coated Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: A Novel Drug Delivery System for Curcumin Diglutaric Acid.

Curcumin diglutaric acid-loaded polyethylene glycol-chitosan oligosaccharide-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (CG-PEG-CSO-SPIONs) were fabricated by co-precipitation and optimized using a Box-Behnken statistical design in order to achieve the minimum size, optimal zeta potential (≥ ±20 mV), and maximum loading efficiency and capacity. The results demonstrated that CG-PEG-CSO-SPIONs prepared under the optimal condition were almost spherical in shape with a smooth surface, a diameter of 130 nm, zeta potential of 30.6 mV, loading efficiency of 83.

Synergistic Effects of Photo-Irradiation and Curcumin-Chitosan/Alginate Nanoparticles on Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha-Induced Psoriasis-Like Proliferation of Keratinocytes.

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by hyperproliferation of the epidermal cells and is clinically presented as thick, bright red to pink plaques with a silvery scale. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using visible light has become of increasing interest in the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases. In this study, we demonstrate that a combination of curcumin-loaded chitosan/alginate nanoparticles (Cur-CS/Alg NPs) and blue light emitting diodes (LED) light irradiation effectively suppressed the hyperproliferation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)-induced cultured human kerlatinocyte (HaCaT) cells.

Chitosan/alginate nanoparticles as a promising carrier of novel curcumin diethyl diglutarate.

Chitosan/alginate nanoparticles (CANPs) were formulated to encapsulate curcumin diethyl diglutarate (CDG) for oral delivery. CDG-loaded CANPs (CDG-CANPs) were prepared by o/w emulsification and ionotropic gelation. The optimization of CDG-CANPs was successfully performed by response surface methodology.

Chitosan/alginate nanoparticles as a promising approach for oral delivery of curcumin diglutaric acid for cancer treatment.

Curcumin diglutaric acid (CG) is a prodrug of curcumin that shows better solubility and antinociceptive activity compared to curcumin. To improve its properties further, CG was encapsulated into polysaccharide-based nanoparticles in this study. A chitosan/alginate nanoparticulate system was chosen for encapsulation of CG due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, mucoadhisiveness and good film formation.

Chitosan-based polymer hybrids for thermo-responsive nanogel delivery of curcumin.

The purpose of this study is to design and develop thermoresponsive nano-sized hydrogel particles from a natural polymer, chitosan, as smart material platforms for curcumin delivery. Chitosan was used as the backbone material to be grafted with poly-(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAM) using an EDC/NHS coupling reaction. The conjugated products were characterized by H NMR and TGA.