The kidneys and lungs, often studied in isolation, are integral organs in maintaining homeostasis within the human body. However, the lung and kidney have multiple shared physiological and pathological pathways. It is important to understand these complex interactions and the cross-talk to manage patients, especially in critical care.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNon-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), comprising 85% of lung cancers, remains a leading cause of cancer mortality despite advances in treatment. Immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis, has revolutionized therapy, though outcomes vary. This study aimed to explore the association between PD-L1 expression, CD8 tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) density, and histopathological grading in NSCLC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPatients undergoing endobronchial ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration may have multiple comorbidities, contributing to higher risks of hypoxia and adverse events, such as arrhythmias. The current study compared the efficacy of two oxygenation modalities: the high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) vs. conventional oxygen therapy (CNC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA 23-year-old man presented to the ED with a history of respiratory distress, cough, and fever for 10 days. He was evaluated in the ED, where he received a diagnosis of pulmonary edema, secondary to mitral regurgitation with mitral valve prolapse syndrome. He was treated with antibiotics and diuretics and discharged to home.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMonaldi Arch Chest Dis
October 2024
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is characterized by a syndrome of alveolar bleeding, a fall in hemoglobin, and respiratory failure. It can occur because of various immunologic and non-immunologic conditions. The etiology of DAH is important, as treatment varies with the etiology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAsthma is an obstructive lung disease with high prevalence. Symptom control in asthma remains poor despite significant advancements in treatment guidelines and inhalational devices. This is often attributed to inadequate patient adherence to the inhaler technique and insufficient education on its long-term use.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Assoc Physicians India
June 2024
Oxygen, like all medicines, is a drug which needs moderation. Hypoxia, as well as excess oxygen supplementation, can be harmful in a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Both the European and the British guidelines recommend a target oxygen saturation of 88-92% in patients with COPD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Assoc Physicians India
May 2024
Secondary spontaneous pneumothoraces occur in patients with known underlying lung disease. Patients with emphysema, bullae, and cystic lesions in the lungs are at high risk of developing pneumothorax. Cystic lung diseases like Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) can present with complications like pneumothorax.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) encompasses a diverse population, manifesting with or without symptoms of excessive daytime sleepiness. There is contention surrounding the significance of non-sleepy OSA within clinical contexts and whether routine treatment is warranted. This study aims to evaluate epidemiological and clinical distinctions between sleepy and non-sleepy OSA patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPatients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) remain physically inactive during the day, are deconditioned, and have an impaired health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The role of rehabilitation is not yet defined in OSA, despite proven effective modalities for chronic illnesses like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In this prospective study, over a period of one year, 30 individuals with sleep-disordered breathing were included.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRamaswamy A, Kumar R, Ish P, Gupta N. Author Response. Indian J Crit Care Med 2024;28(4):405.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) guided mediastinal cryobiopsy, and intranodal forceps biopsy are newer modalities for sampling mediastinal lymph nodes. The data regarding the diagnostic yield of both modalities is scarce. Patients were recruited retrospectively from our existing database.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is a progressive, debilitating clinical condition associated with significant morbidity. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for life-threatening hemoptysis in symptomatic patients with simple aspergillomas. However, in patients with chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis, surgical removal of aspergillomas is fraught with difficulty due to debilitating nature of the illness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Respir J
November 2023
Monaldi Arch Chest Dis
September 2023
Dear Editor An article published in 2020 in this journal reported a rare case of a young medical student presenting with low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the central airway. Curative sleeve resection was done, with negative margins and no evidence of lymph nodal involvement. The current letter presents a 3-year follow-up of the same individual and a short review of the evidence available for post-resection monitoring in such patients.
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